Editing Electroconvulsive therapy (section)

===China===
ECT was introduced in China in the early 1950s and while it was originally practiced without anesthesia, as of 2012 almost all procedures were conducted with it. As of 2012, there are approximately 400 ECT machines in China, and 150,000 ECT treatments are performed each year.<ref name=Tang>{{cite journal  |vauthors=Tang YL, etal | date = Dec 2012 | title = Electroconvulsive therapy in China: clinical practice and research on efficacy | journal = J ECT | volume = 28 | issue = 4| pages = 206–212 | pmid = 22801297 | doi=10.1097/YCT.0b013e31825957b1| s2cid = 2743272 }}</ref> Chinese national practice guidelines recommend ECT for the treatment of schizophrenia, depressive disorders, and bipolar disorder and in the Chinese literature, ECT is an effective treatment for schizophrenia and mood disorders.<ref name=Tang/>

Although the Chinese government stopped classifying [[homosexuality]] as an illness in 2001, electroconvulsive therapy is still used by some establishments as a form of "[[conversion therapy]]".<ref>{{cite news| vauthors = Graham-Harrison E, Connaire S |title=Chinese hospitals still offering gay 'cure' therapy, film reveals |url= https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/oct/08/chinese-hospitals-still-offering-gay-cure-therapy-documentary-reveals |work=The Guardian|date=8 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url= https://time.com/4367925/china-lgbt-gay-conversion-therapy-rights/ |title= This Man Was Sectioned in China for Being Gay. Now He's Fighting Back |magazine = [[Time (magazine)|Time]] |author= Hannah Beech |date= June 13, 2016 |access-date= October 20, 2017}}</ref> Alleged [[Internet addiction disorder|Internet addiction]] (or general unruliness) in [[Adolescence|adolescents]] is also known to have been treated with ECT, sometimes without anesthesia, most notably by [[Yang Yongxin]]. The practice was banned in 2009 after a news story featuring Yang was published.<ref name="sciencemag">{{Cite journal|title=China Reins in Wilder Impulses in Treatment of 'Internet Addiction' |journal=[[Science (magazine)|Science]]|date=2009-07-26 |doi=10.1126/science.324_1630 |pmid=19556477 |volume=324 |issue=5935 |pages=1630–1631| vauthors = Stone R | bibcode = 2009Sci...324.1630S |doi-access=free }}</ref>