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===Imports and exports=== Bolivian tariffs are low; however, manufacturers complain that the tax-rebate program that allows some companies to claim refunds of import taxes on capital equipment is inefficient, with many companies now owed millions of dollars by the Bolivian Government, which can take years to recover. <!-- The OEC ref covers everything from here to "US$7.02 billion". --> Bolivian imports of goods were valued at about US$6.52 billion in 2020, while service imports were valued at about US$2.55 billion in 2019.<ref name="The Observatory of Economic Complexity-2023">{{Cite web |date=January 13, 2023 |title=Bolivia (BOL) Exports, Imports, and Trade Partners {{!}} OEC |url=https://oec.world/en/profile/country/bol/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230103070604/https://oec.world/en/profile/country/bol/ |archive-date=January 3, 2023 |access-date=January 13, 2023 |website=[[The Observatory of Economic Complexity]]}}</ref> Bolivia enjoyed an estimated $500 million goods trade surplus in 2020. Leading sources of Bolivian imports include China, Brazil, Chile, Peru, and Argentina, with its top imports refined petroleum, cars, pesticides, delivery trucks, and raw iron bars.<ref name="The Observatory of Economic Complexity-2023" /> Bolivian exports of goods and services in 2020 stood at US$7.02 billion<ref name="The Observatory of Economic Complexity-2023" /> compared with US$1.9 billion in 2003.<ref name="loc" /> Increased production of hydrocarbons, especially natural gas, led Bolivia's trade upturn in 2004.<ref name="loc" /> A 20-year supply contract with Brazil for natural gas, ending in 2019, the necessary capital to increase production.<ref name="loc" /> In 2004 export revenues for natural gas topped US$619 million.<ref name="loc" /> Bolivia also exported significant quantities of petroleum.<ref name="loc" /> Beyond hydrocarbons, other significant exports included zinc, soya, iron ore, and tin.<ref name="loc" /> In 2001 Brazil overtook the United States as Bolivia's primary export outlet.<ref name="loc" /> Switzerland, Venezuela, and Colombia are also important export partners.<ref name="loc" /> Bolivia has actively sought to foster economic connections in South America after long relying on the United States as its primary trade partner.<ref name="loc" /> The United States remains one of Bolivia's largest trading partners; however, it faded greatly on Brazil benefit in 2012. In 2002, the United States exported $283 million of merchandise to Bolivia and imported $162 million. Bolivia's major exports to the United States are [[tin]], gold, jewelry, and wood products. Its major imports from the United States are [[computers]], [[vehicles]], wheat, and machinery. A Bilateral Investment Treaty between the United States and Bolivia came into effect in 2001,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Feinschreiber |first1=Robert |last2=Kent |first2=Margaret |date=October 2010 |title=What the Tax Practitioner Should Know About the U.S.-Bolivia Bilateral Investment Treaty |journal=Corporate Business Taxation Monthly |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=37β40 |via=ProQuest}}</ref> however the Treaty was terminated by the government of Bolivia in 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2012-05-23/pdf/2012-12494.pdf|title=Federal Register Vol. 77 No. 100 β Wednesday, May 2012 β Notices}}</ref> By 2004 Bolivia had become the market leader in the export of [[brazil nut]]s,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/26/world/maraba-journal-brazil-s-problem-in-a-nutshell-bolivia-grows-nuts-best.html|title=MarabΓ‘ Journal; Brazil's Problem in a Nutshell: Bolivia Grows Nuts Best|first=Larry|last=Rohter|date=26 August 2004|work=The New York Times}}</ref> with thousands of local people involved in collecting the pods in Bolivian Amazonia.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/2807293.stm|title=Business β Nut harvest sustains Bolivian Amazon|date=3 March 2003 |access-date=11 June 2015}}</ref>
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