Editing Don Quixote (section)

===English editions in translation===
[[File:Don Quichote And Sancho Panza by Louis Aquetin - Louis Anquetin - ABDAG005120.jpg|thumb|''Don Quichote And Sancho Panza'' by [[Louis Anquetin]]]]

There are many translations of the book, and it has been adapted many times in shortened versions. Many derivative editions were also written at the time, as was the custom of envious or unscrupulous writers. Seven years after the ''Parte Primera'' appeared, ''Don Quixote'' had been translated into French, German, Italian, and English, with the first French translation of 'Part II' appearing in 1618, and the first English translation in 1620. One abridged adaptation, authored by Agustín Sánchez, runs slightly over 150 pages, cutting away about 750 pages.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://belgrado.cervantes.es/Biblioteca/Fichas/Cervantes.%20Saavedra,%20Miguel%20de%20(1547-1616)_114_58_1.shtml |title=Library catalogue of the Cervantes Institute of Belgrade |access-date=26 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070814074311/http://belgrado.cervantes.es/Biblioteca/Fichas/Cervantes.%20Saavedra%2C%20Miguel%20de%20%281547-1616%29_114_58_1.shtml |archive-date=14 August 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[Thomas Shelton (translator)|Thomas Shelton]]'s English translation of the ''First Part'' appeared in 1612 while Cervantes was still alive, although there is no evidence that Shelton had met the author. Although Shelton's version is cherished by some, according to [[John Ormsby (translator)|John Ormsby]] and [[Samuel Putnam]], it was far from satisfactory as a carrying over of Cervantes' text.<ref name="Orm" /> Shelton's translation of the novel's ''Second Part'' appeared in 1620.

Near the end of the 17th century, [[John Phillips (author)|John Phillips]], a nephew of poet [[John Milton]], published what Putnam considered the worst English translation. The translation, as literary critics claim, was not based on Cervantes' text but mostly on a French work by Filleau de Saint-Martin and on notes which Thomas Shelton had written.

Around 1700, a version by [[Pierre Antoine Motteux]] appeared. Motteux's translation enjoyed lasting popularity; it was reprinted as the [[Modern Library]] Series edition of the novel until recent times.<ref name="peabody">Sieber, Harry. [https://web.archive.org/web/20020604104844/http://quixote.mse.jhu.edu/Translation.html "''Don Quixote'' in Translation".] ''The Don Quixote Exhibit'', Tour 2, Chapter 5. George Peabody Library. 1996. Retrieved 26 December 2012.</ref> Nonetheless, future translators would find much to fault in Motteux's version: Samuel Putnam criticized "the prevailing slapstick quality of this work, especially where [[Sancho Panza]] is involved, the obtrusion of the obscene where it is found in the original, and the slurring of difficulties through omissions or expanding upon the text". John Ormsby considered Motteux's version "worse than worthless", and denounced its "infusion of Cockney flippancy and facetiousness" into the original.<ref>{{cite book|chapter-url=http://cervantes.tamu.edu/english/ctxt/DonQ-JohnOrmsby/DonQ-JohnOrmsby.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100823072058/http://cervantes.tamu.edu/english/ctxt/DonQ-JohnOrmsby/DonQ-JohnOrmsby.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 August 2010 |title=Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes, Translated by John Ormsby |chapter=Translator's Preface: About this translation }}</ref>

The proverb "The proof of the pudding is in the eating" is widely attributed to Cervantes. The Spanish word for pudding ({{Lang|es|budín}}), however, does not appear in the original text but premieres in the Motteux translation.<ref>{{cite web|title=Proverb "Proof of the Pudding is in the Eating" |date=11 December 2023 |url=http://phrases.org.uk/meanings/proof-of-the-pudding.html}}</ref> In Smollett's translation of 1755 he notes that the original text reads literally "you will see when the eggs are fried", meaning "time will tell".<ref>''Don Quixote'' by Miguel de Cervantes, translated by Tobias Smollett, Introduction and Notes by Carole Slade; Barnes and Noble Classics, New York p. 318</ref>

A translation by Captain [[John Stevens (translator)|John Stevens]], which revised Thomas Shelton's version, also appeared in 1700, but its publication was overshadowed by the simultaneous release of Motteux's translation.<ref name="peabody"/>

In 1742, the [[Charles Jervas]] translation appeared, posthumously. Through a printer's error, it came to be known, and is still known, as "the Jarvis translation". It was the most scholarly and accurate English translation of the novel up to that time, but future translator John Ormsby points out in his own introduction to the novel that the Jarvis translation has been criticized as being too stiff. Nevertheless, it became the most frequently reprinted translation of the novel until about 1885. Another 18th-century translation into English was that of [[Tobias Smollett]], himself a novelist, first published in 1755. Like the Jarvis translation, it continues to be reprinted today.

A translation by Alexander James Duffield appeared in 1881 and another by Henry Edward Watts in 1888. Most modern translators take as their model the 1885 translation by John Ormsby.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Battestin|first=Martin C.|date=1997|title=The Authorship of Smollett's "Don Quixote"|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40372067|journal=Studies in Bibliography|volume=50|pages=295–321|jstor=40372067|issn=0081-7600}}</ref>

An expurgated children's version, under the title ''The Story of Don Quixote'', was published in 1922 (available on [[Project Gutenberg]]). It leaves out the risqué sections as well as chapters that young readers might consider dull, and embellishes a great deal on Cervantes' original text. The title page actually gives credit to the two editors as if they were the authors, and omits any mention of Cervantes.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/29468/29468-h/29468-h.htm |title=The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Story of Don Quixote, by Arvid Paulson, Clayton Edwards, and Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra |publisher=Gutenberg.org |date=20 July 2009 |access-date=5 February 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130821001827/http://www.gutenberg.org/files/29468/29468-h/29468-h.htm |archive-date=21 August 2013 }}</ref>

The most widely read English-language translations of the mid-20th century are by [[Samuel Putnam]] (1949), [[J. M. Cohen]] (1950; [[Penguin Classics]]), and [[Walter Starkie]] (1957). The last English translation of the novel in the 20th century was by [[Burton Raffel]], published in 1996. The 21st century has already seen five new translations of the novel into English. The first is by [[John D. Rutherford]] and the second by [[Edith Grossman]]. Reviewing the novel in ''The New York Times'', [[Carlos Fuentes]] called Grossman's translation a "major literary achievement"<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/11/02/books/tilt.html |first=Carlos| last=Fuentes |title=Tilt |work=[[The New York Times]]| date=2 November 2003}}</ref> and another called it the "most transparent and least impeded among more than a dozen English translations going back to the 17th century."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/11/14/books/books-of-the-times-beholding-windmills-and-wisdom-from-a-new-vantage.html |title=Beholding Windmills and Wisdom From a New Vantage |work=[[The New York Times]]|date=14 November 2003|first=Richard|last=Eder}}</ref>

In 2005, the year of the novel's 400th anniversary, Tom Lathrop published a new English translation of the novel, based on a lifetime of specialized study of the novel and its history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.h-net.org/~cervant/csa/artics08/McGraths08.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150205002729/http://www.h-net.org/~cervant/csa/artics08/McGraths08.pdf |archive-date=2015-02-05 |url-status=live|title=Reviews: ''Don Quixote'' trans. Tom Lathrop|publisher=[[H-Net]]|first=Michael J|last=McGrath|year=2007}}</ref> The fourth translation of the 21st century was released in 2006 by former university librarian James H. Montgomery, 26 years after he had begun it, in an attempt to "recreate the sense of the original as closely as possible, though not at the expense of Cervantes' literary style."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.h-net.org/~cervant/csa/artics10/McGrathS10.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015185225/http://www.h-net.org/~cervant/csa/artics10/McGrathS10.pdf |archive-date=2013-10-15 |url-status=live|title=Reviews: ''Don Quixote'' trans. James Montgomery|publisher=[[H-Net]]|first=Michael J.|last=McGrath|year=2010}}</ref>

In 2011, another translation by Gerald J. Davis appeared, which is self-published via Lulu.com.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D-zBAwAAQBAJ|title=Don Quixote|last=Davis|first=Gerald J.|date=2012|publisher=Lulu Enterprises Incorporated|isbn=978-1105810664|language=en}}</ref> The latest and the sixth translation of the 21st century is Diana de Armas Wilson's 2020 revision of [[Burton Raffel]]'s translation.