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== References == {{Reflist}} ===Works cited=== {{refbegin|30em}} *{{cite book|vauthors=Aiello LP, Silva P, Cavallerano JD, Klein R |chapter=Diabetic Eye Disease |title=Endocrinology: Adult and Pediatric |publisher=Saunders |date=2016 |edition=7 |veditors=Jameson JL, de Groot LJ |isbn=978-0-323-18907-1}} *{{cite book|vauthors=Brownlee M, Aiello LP, Sun JK, Cooper ME, Feldman EL, Plutzky J, Boulton AJ |chapter=Complications of Diabetes Mellitus |title=Williams Textbook of Endocrinology |publisher=Elsevier |date=2020 |pages=1438–1524 |isbn=978-0-323-55596-8}} *{{cite journal |vauthors=Flaxel CJ, Adelman RA, Bailey ST, Fawzi A, Lim JI, Vemulakonda GA, Ying GS |title=Diabetic Retinopathy Preferred Practice Pattern® |journal=Ophthalmology |volume=127 |issue=1 |pages=P66–P145 |date=January 2020 |pmid=31757498 |doi=10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.09.025 |s2cid=204033799 |doi-access=free }} *{{cite journal |vauthors=Kuroiwa DK, Malerbi FK, Regatieri CS |title=New Insights in Resistant Diabetic Macular Edema |journal=Ophthalmologica |volume=244 |issue=6 |pages=485–494 |date=2021 |pmid=34023834 |doi=10.1159/000516614 |s2cid=235169916 |url=|doi-access=free }} *{{cite book|vauthors=Lim JI |chapter=Diabetic Retinopathy |title=Ophthalmology |edition=5 |date=2019 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=978-0-323-52821-4}} *{{cite journal |vauthors=Lin KY, Hsih WH, Lin YB, Wen CY, Chang TJ |title=Update in the epidemiology, risk factors, screening, and treatment of diabetic retinopathy |journal=J Diabetes Investig |volume=12 |issue=8 |pages=1322–1325 |date=August 2021 |pmid=33316144 |pmc=8354492 |doi=10.1111/jdi.13480}} *{{cite book|vauthors=Powers AC, Stafford JM, Rickels MR |chapter=405: Diabetes Mellitus Complications |title=[[Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine]] |edition=21 |publisher=McGraw Hill |date=2022|veditors= Loscalzo J, Fauci A, Kasper D, ''et al'' |isbn= 978-1264268504}} *{{cite journal |vauthors=Tan GS, Cheung N, Simó R, Cheung GC, Wong TY |title=Diabetic macular oedema |journal=Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol |volume=5 |issue=2 |pages=143–155 |date=February 2017 |pmid= 27496796|doi=10.1016/S2213-8587(16)30052-3 }} *{{cite journal |vauthors=Vujosevic S, Aldington SJ, Silva P, Hernández C, Scanlon P, Peto T, Simó R |title=Screening for diabetic retinopathy: new perspectives and challenges |journal=Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol |volume=8 |issue=4 |pages=337–347 |date=April 2020 |pmid=32113513 |doi=10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30411-5 |s2cid=211727885 |hdl=2434/881134 |url=https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/dbd0e9fb-3c82-468f-abeb-9c4371a977f8 |hdl-access=free }} *{{cite book|author=World Health Organization |title=Diabetic Retinopathy Screening: A Short Guide |publisher=World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe |date=2020 |isbn= 9789289055321 |location=Copenhagen |url=https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/336660/9789289055321-eng.pdf |access-date=21 October 2022}} {{refend}} [[File:PD-icon.svg|12px|alt=Public Domain]] This article incorporates text from a publication in the [[public domain]]: {{cite web |url=https://www.nei.nih.gov/health/diabetic/retinopathy.asp |title=Facts About Diabetic Retinopathy |date=June 2012 |publisher=National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health (NEI/NIH) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512194443/https://www.nei.nih.gov/health/diabetic/retinopathy.asp |archive-date=12 May 2014 |access-date=13 June 2002}}<!-- Per {{cite web |url=https://nei.nih.gov/tools/copyright |title=Copyright Policy |date=April 2015 |publisher=National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health (NEI/NIH) |access-date=7 May 2019 |mode=cs2 |quote=Most text appearing on NEI web pages...is not subject to copyright...You may freely copy that material. Please use the following credit: 'Courtesy: National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health (NEI/NIH).'}} -->
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