Editing Deuterium (section)

=== Reinforced essential nutrients ===
Deuterium can be used to reinforce specific oxidation-vulnerable C–H bonds within essential or conditionally [[essential nutrients]],<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Demidov VV | date = September 2007 | title = Heavy isotopes to avert ageing? | journal = Trends in Biotechnology | volume = 25 | issue = 9 | pages = 371–375 | pmid = 17681625 | doi = 10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.07.007 }}</ref> such as certain [[amino acids]], or [[polyunsaturated fatty acid]]s (PUFA), making them more resistant to oxidative damage. [[Deuterated drug|Deuterated]] polyunsaturated [[fatty acid]]s, such as [[linoleic acid]], slow down the chain reaction of [[lipid peroxidation]] that damage living cells.<ref>Halliwell, Barry; Gutteridge, John M.C. (2015). Free Radical Biology and Medicine (5th ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. {{ISBN|9780198717485}}.</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hill S, Lamberson CR, Xu L, To R, Tsui HS, Shmanai VV, Bekish AV, Awad AM, Marbois BN, Cantor CR, Porter NA, Clarke CF, Shchepinov MS | display-authors = 6 | date = August 2012 | title = Small amounts of isotope-reinforced polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress lipid autoxidation | journal = Free Radical Biology & Medicine | volume = 53 | issue = 4 | pages = 893–906 | pmid = 22705367 | pmc = 3437768 | doi = 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.06.004 }}</ref> Deuterated ethyl ester of linoleic acid ([[RT001]]), developed by Retrotope, is in a [[compassionate use trial]] in [[infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy]] and has successfully completed a Phase I/II trial in [[Friedreich's ataxia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02445794|title = A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of RT001 in Patients with Friedreich's Ataxia|date = 24 November 2020}}</ref><ref name="First deuterated drug approved"/>