Editing County Dublin (section)

==Transportation==
{{Main|Transport in Dublin}}
[[File:M50 motorway (Ireland).png|thumb|Map of Dublin's major roads]]
[[File:Photographed At Malahide on the way to Balbriggan-flickr537559248.jpg|thumb|left|[[Commuter (Iarnród Éireann)|Commuter]] train arriving at [[Malahide]]]]
County Dublin has the oldest and most extensive transportation infrastructure in Ireland. The [[Dublin and Kingstown Railway]], opened in December 1834, was Ireland's first railway line. The line, which ran from [[Dublin Pearse railway station|Westland Row]] to [[Dún Laoghaire]], was originally intended to be used for cargo. However, it proved far more popular with passengers and became the world's first commuter railway line.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/an-irishman-s-diary-on-the-dublin-to-kingstown-rail-line-1.2463456|title=An Irishman's Diary on the Dublin to Kingstown rail line|newspaper=The Irish Times|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=30 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630150136/http://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/an-irishman-s-diary-on-the-dublin-to-kingstown-rail-line-1.2463456|url-status=live}}</ref> The line has been upgraded multiple times throughout its history and is still in use to this day, making it the oldest commuter railway route in the world.

[[File:T2Dublin Airport-doyler79.jpg|thumb|left|[[Dublin Airport]] was Europe's [[List of the busiest airports in Europe|13th-busiest]] airport in 2023]]
Public transport in Dublin was managed by the Dublin Transportation Office until 2009, when it was replaced by the [[National Transport Authority (Ireland)|National Transport Authority]] (NTA). The three pillars currently underpinning the public transport network of the [[Greater Dublin Area]] (GDA) are [[Dublin Suburban Rail]], the [[Luas]] and the bus system. There are six [[Commuter (Iarnród Éireann)|commuter]] lines in Dublin, which are managed by [[Iarnród Éireann]]. Five of these lines serve as routes between Dublin and towns across the GDA and beyond. The sixth route, known as [[Dublin Area Rapid Transit]] (DART), is electrified and serves only Dublin and northern Wicklow. The newest addition to Dublin's public transport network is a [[tram]] system called the Luas. The service began with two disconnected lines in 2004,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rte.ie/archives/2014/0630/627453-luas-is-launched-2004|title=Trams for Dublin 2004|publisher=[[RTÉ Libraries and Archives|RTÉ Archives]]|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=29 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629192606/https://www.rte.ie/archives/2014/0630/627453-luas-is-launched-2004/|url-status=live}}</ref> with three extensions opened in 2009,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/new-luas-extension-through-docklands-opens-1.786542|title=New Luas extension through Docklands opens|newspaper=[[The Irish Times]]|first=Tim|last=O'Brien|date=9 December 2009|url-access=subscription|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=18 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191218204035/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/new-luas-extension-through-docklands-opens-1.786542|url-status=live}}</ref> 2010<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/luas-opens-to-cherrywood/35387.article|title=Luas opens to Cherrywood|work=[[Railway Gazette International]]|date=19 October 2010|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200436/https://www.railwaygazette.com/luas-opens-to-cherrywood/35387.article|url-status=live}}</ref> and 2011<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/minister-opens-luas-red-line-branch-to-citywest-and-saggart-1.589220|title=Minister opens Luas Red Line branch to Citywest and Saggart|newspaper=[[The Irish Times]]|first=Olivia|last=Kelly|date=2 July 2011|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210924143158/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/minister-opens-luas-red-line-branch-to-citywest-and-saggart-1.589220|url-status=live}}</ref> before a cross-city link between the lines and further extension opened in 2017.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.tii.ie/news/press-releases/Luas%20Green%20Line%20extension/|title=Luas Green extension a major boost for Dublin|publisher=[[Transport Infrastructure Ireland]]|date=9 December 2017|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200605/https://www.tii.ie/news/press-releases/Luas%20Green%20Line%20extension/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Historically, Dublin had an extensive [[Dublin tramways|tram system]] which commenced in 1871 and at its peak had over {{convert|97|km|mi|abbr=on}} of active line. It was operated by the [[Dublin United Transport Company]] (DUTC) and was very advanced for its day, with near-full electrification from 1901. From the 1920s onwards, the DUTC began to acquire private bus operators and gradually closed some of its lines. Further declines in passenger numbers were driven in part by a belief at the time that trams were outdated and archaic. All tram lines terminated in 1949, except for the tram to [[Howth]], which ran until 1959.

[[File:Irish Vehicle Registration Plate.svg|thumb|Example of a Dublin number plate]]
[[Dublin Bus]] is the county's largest bus operator, carrying 138 million passengers in 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nationaltransport.ie/news/massive-jump-in-passenger-journey-number-as-commuters-flock-to-public-transport/|title=Massive Jump in Passenger Journey Numbers as Commuters Flock to Public Transport|publisher=[[National Transport Authority (Ireland)|National Transport Authority]]|date=8 January 2020|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=16 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200116091114/https://www.nationaltransport.ie/news/massive-jump-in-passenger-journey-number-as-commuters-flock-to-public-transport/|url-status=live}}</ref> For much of the city, particularly west Dublin, the bus is the only public transport option available, and there are numerous smaller private bus companies in operation across County Dublin. National bus operator [[Bus Éireann]] provides long-distance routes to towns and villages located outside of Dublin city and its immediate hinterland.

In November 2005, the government announced a €34 billion initiative called [[Transport 21]] which included a substantial expansion to Dublin's transport network. The project was cancelled in May 2011 in the aftermath of the [[Post-2008 Irish economic downturn|2008 recession]]. Consequently, by 2017 Hugh Creegan, deputy chief of the NTA, stated that there had been a "''chronic underinvestment in public transport for more than a decade''".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://councilmeetings.dublincity.ie/documents/s12181/%20286%201%20Final%20Dublin%20City%20Infrastructure%20Summit%20Outcomes%20Report.pdf|title=Outcomes Report: 2017 Dublin City Infrastructure Summit|work=Dublin City Council|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201128/https://councilmeetings.dublincity.ie/documents/s12181/%20286%201%20Final%20Dublin%20City%20Infrastructure%20Summit%20Outcomes%20Report.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> By 2019, Dublin was reportedly the 17th most congested city in the world, and had the 5th highest average commute time in the European Union.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejournal.ie/dublin-traffic-congestion-4985027-Jan2020/|title=Dublin is the 6th most congested city in Europe|work=journal.ie|date=29 January 2020 |access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201502/https://www.thejournal.ie/dublin-traffic-congestion-4985027-Jan2020/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/news/arid-30981501.html|title=Survey puts Dublin fifth in Europe for time spent on daily commute|work=Irish Examiner|date=13 February 2020|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201836/https://www.irishexaminer.com/news/arid-30981501.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The Luas and rail network regularly experience significant overcrowding and delays during peak hours, and in 2019 Iarnród Éireann was widely ridiculed for asking commuters to "''stagger morning journeys''" to alleviate the problem.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejournal.ie/irish-rail-overcrowding-3-4950861-Jan2020/|title='Absolutely shambolic': Commuters slam Irish Rail call for Dart users to stagger morning journeys|work=journal.ie|date=2 January 2020 |access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=20 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210620065756/https://www.thejournal.ie/irish-rail-overcrowding-3-4950861-Jan2020/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[M50 motorway (Ireland)|M50]] is a {{convert|45.5|km|mi|abbr=on}} orbital motorway around Dublin city, and is the busiest motorway in the country. It serves as the centre of both Dublin and Ireland's motorway network, and most of the [[national primary road]]s to other cities begin at the M50 and radiate outwards. The current route was built in various sections over the course of 27 years, from 1983 to 2010. All major roads in Ireland are managed by [[Transport Infrastructure Ireland]] (TII), which is headquartered in Parkgate Street, Dublin 8. As of 2019, there were over 550,000 cars registered in County Dublin, accounting for 25.3% of all cars registered in the State.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-tranom/transportomnibus2019/vehiclelicensingandregistrations/|title=Transport Omnibus 2019|work=CSO|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202716/https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-tranom/transportomnibus2019/vehiclelicensingandregistrations/|url-status=live}}</ref> Due to the county's small area and high degree of urbanisation, there is a preference for "D" registered [[used cars]] throughout Ireland, as they are considered to have undergone less wear and tear.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.ie/business/personal-finance/you-too-can-play-at-the-car-depreciation-game-31300584.html|title=You too can play at the car depreciation game|work=The Irish Independent|date=14 June 2015 |access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624203632/https://www.independent.ie/business/personal-finance/you-too-can-play-at-the-car-depreciation-game-31300584.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

For international travel, around 1.7 million passengers travel by ferry through [[Dublin Port]] each year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dublinport.ie/tofrom/tourist-information/|title=Tourist Information|work=Dublin Port Company|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202054/https://www.dublinport.ie/tofrom/tourist-information/|url-status=live}}</ref> A Dún Laoghaire to [[Holyhead]] ferry was formerly operated by [[Stena Line]], but the route was closed in 2015. [[Dublin Airport]] is Ireland's largest airport, and 32.9 million passengers passed through it in 2019, making it Europe's 12th-busiest airport.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rte.ie/news/business/2020/0129/1111751-dublin-airports-record-figures/|title=Dublin Airport passengers numbers up 4% to record high of 32.9 million|work=RTE|date=29 January 2020|access-date=20 June 2021|archive-date=24 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624202305/https://www.rte.ie/news/business/2020/0129/1111751-dublin-airports-record-figures/|url-status=live}}</ref>