Editing Coeliac disease (section)

==Immune Therapy==
{{Technical|date=May 2025|section}}
In 2025, researchers demonstrated the potential of engineered [[Regulatory T cell|regulatory T cells]] (eTregs) as a [[Cell therapy|cell-based therapy]] for celiac disease. By orthotopically inserting T cell receptors (TCRs) specific to immunodominant gluten [[Epitope|epitopes]] into human Tregs, the team created gluten-reactive eTregs that suppressed pathogenic T cell responses in HLA-DQ2.5 [[Genetically modified animal|transgenic mouse models]]. These eTregs showed the ability to exert [[bystander suppression]]—not only inhibiting T cells with the same antigen specificity, but also suppressing responses to distinct gluten peptides—thus addressing the [[Polyclonal B cell response|polyclonal]] nature of the autoimmune response in celiac disease. The data support the clinical potential of antigen-specific eTreg therapies for autoimmune diseases beyond current applications.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Porret |first1=Raphaël |last2=Alcaraz-Serna |first2=Ana |last3=Peter |first3=Benjamin |last4=Bernier-Latmani |first4=Jeremiah |last5=Cecchin |first5=Rebecca |last6=Alfageme-Abello |first6=Oscar |last7=Ermellino |first7=Laura |last8=Hafezi |first8=Morteza |last9=Pace |first9=Eleonora |title=Cell receptor precision editing of regulatory T cells for celiac disease |journal=Science Translational Medicine |volume=17 |issue=790 |date=19 March 2025 |pages=842–850 |doi=10.1126/scitranslmed.adr8941 |pmid=12088155|pmc=1370301 }}</ref>