Editing Castling (section)

====Vertical castling====
{{Chess diagram 
| tright
|C. Staugaard
|  |  |  |  |  |  |bl|  
|  |  |  |  |pl|  |  |  
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  
|  |  |pd|kd|  |  |  |  
|  |  |nl|  |  |  |  |  
|  |  |  |  |kl|  |  |rl
| White to play and mate in two
}}

In 1907, C. Staugaard composed a [[Chess_problem#Types_of_problems|two-mover]] in which White promotes a pawn to a rook and then castles vertically with the newly promoted rook (placing the king on e3 and the rook on e2), since the rook has not moved. In the position on the right, White plays 1.e8=R, and after the forced move 1...Kxc2 castles vertically with the promoted rook, checkmating Black.

Vertical castling, also known as "Staugaard castling" or "Pam–Krabbé castling", has been used in a few [[joke chess problem|novelty chess problems]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://pdb.dieschwalbe.de/search.jsp?expression=K=%27Staugaard%27| title = Staugaard castling at Die Schwalbe}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.yacpdb.org/#search/Ly8vLy8vLy8vLy9QYW0gS3JhYmJlIGNhc3RsaW5nLCAvLy8xLzEvMS8w/1| title = Pam-Krabbé castling at yacpdb}}</ref>

[[Tim Krabbé]]'s 1985 book ''Chess Curiosities'' includes a problem featuring vertical castling, along with an incorrect claim that the problem's 1973 publication prompted [[FIDE]] to amend the castling laws in 1974 to add the requirement that the king and rook be on the same rank. In reality, the original FIDE Laws from 1930 explicitly stated that castling must be done with a king and a rook on the same rank (''traverse'' in French).<ref>[https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/R%C3%A8gle_du_Jeu_d%E2%80%99%C3%89checs_de_la_F._I._D._E._(%C3%A9dition_officielle_1930) ''Règle du Jeu d’Échecs de la F. I. D. E. (édition officielle 1930)''], (in French), FIDE, 1930 (via wikisource)</ref> It is unclear whether any historically published sets of rules would technically allow such a move.
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