Editing Art Nouveau (section)

====Finland====
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200px">
File:Lart nouveau à Helsinki limmeuble Pohjola (7624127520).jpg|Main entrance of the [[Pohjola Insurance building]] in [[Helsinki]], sculptures by [[Hilda Flodin]] (1899–1901)
File:Tampere Cathedral.jpg|[[Tampere Cathedral]] in the Finnish [[National Romantic Style]] by [[Lars Sonck]] (1902–1907)
File:Gallen-Kallela - Tuonelan joella.JPG|''By the River of Tuonela'' in the Finnish [[National Romantic Style]] by [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]] (1903)
File:Eliel saarinen, sedia con braccioli, helsinki 1907-08 ca.JPG|Chair by [[Eliel Saarinen]] (1907–1908)
File:Estación central de FF.CC. de Helsinki, Finlandia, 2012-08-14, DD 04.JPG|Statues at [[Helsinki Central railway station]] by [[Emil Wikström]] (1919)
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Art Nouveau was popular in the [[Nordic countries]], where it was usually known as [[Jugendstil]], and was often combined with the [[National Romantic Style]] of each country. The Nordic country with the largest number of Jugendstil buildings is the [[Grand Duchy of Finland]], then a part of [[Russian Empire]].<ref>{{Cite web |url= https://art.nouveau.world/ |title=Art Nouveau World |access-date=11 April 2021 |archive-date=21 March 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210321215613/https://art.nouveau.world/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The Jugendstil period coincided with [[Golden Age of Finnish Art]] and national awakening. After [[Exposition Universelle (1900)|Paris Exposition]] in 1900 the leading Finnish artist was [[Akseli Gallen-Kallela]].<ref>Martin, T. & Pusa, E. 1985, p. 12.</ref> He is known for his illustrations of the [[Kalevala]], the Finnish national epic, as well as for painting numerous Judendstil buildings in the Duchy.

The architects of the Finnish pavilion at the Exposition were [[Herman Gesellius]], [[Armas Lindgren]], and [[Eliel Saarinen]]. They worked together from 1896 to 1905 and created many notable buildings in [[Helsinki]] including [[Pohjola Insurance building]] (1899–1901) and [[National Museum of Finland]] (1905–1910)<ref>[http://museums.eu/museum/details/1012/national-museum-of-finland National Museum of Finland] {{Webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190726191408/http://museums.eu/museum/details/1012/national-museum-of-finland |date=26 July 2019}} – Museums of EU</ref> as well as their joint residence [[Hvitträsk]] in [[Kirkkonummi]] (1902). Architects were inspired by Nordic legends and nature, rough granite façade thus became a symbol for belonging to the Finnish nation.<ref name="helsinki">{{cite web|url= http://www.artnouveau.eu/en/city.php?id=136|title=Art Nouveau European Route: Helsinki|website=www.artnouveau.eu|access-date=2 January 2016|archive-date=26 April 2016|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160426154532/http://www.artnouveau.eu/en/city.php?id=136|url-status=live}}</ref> After the firm dissolved, Saarinen designed the [[Helsinki Central railway station|Helsinki Railway Station]] (1905–1914) in clearer forms, influenced by American architecture.<ref name="helsinki" /> The sculptor who worked with Saarinen in construction of National Museum of Finland and Helsinki Railway Station was [[Emil Wikström]].

Another architect who created several notable works in Finland was [[Lars Sonck]]. His major Jugendstil works include [[Tampere Cathedral]] (1902–1907), [[Ainola]], the home of [[Jean Sibelius]] (1903), Headquarters of the Helsinki Telephone Association (1903–1907) and [[Kallio Church]] in Helsinki (1908–1912). Also, [[Magnus Schjerfbeck]], brother of [[Helene Schjerfbeck]], made [[tuberculosis]] [[sanatorium]] known as [[Nummela Sanatorium]] in 1903 using the Jugendstil style.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.mfa.fi/en/architects/magnus-schjerfbeck-2/|title=Magnus Schjerfbeck|work=Museum of Finnish Architecture|access-date=15 February 2020|archive-date=15 February 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200215055401/https://www.mfa.fi/en/architects/magnus-schjerfbeck-2/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Palmberg |first1=Albert |title=The control of tuberculosis in Finland |url= https://www.resmedjournal.com/article/S0366-0850(08)80065-8/pdf |journal=British Journal of Tuberculosis |date=April 1908 |volume=2 |issue=2 |pages=109–114 |doi=10.1016/S0366-0850(08)80065-8 |access-date=26 March 2019 |archive-date=15 February 2022 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220215083555/https://www.resmedjournal.com/article/S0366-0850%2808%2980065-8/pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=Experiences of the sanocrysin treatment at Nummela Sanatorium in Finland |journal=Acta Medica Scandinavica |volume=64 |pages=123–130 |first=Axel |last=von Bonsdorff |date=1926 |doi=10.1111/j.0954-6820.1926.tb14017.x}}</ref>