Editing Animal testing (section)

===Defense===
Animals are used by the military to develop weapons, vaccines, battlefield surgical techniques, and defensive clothing.<ref name=Lords3/> For example, in 2008 the United States [[DARPA|Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency]] used live pigs to study the effects of [[improvised explosive device]] explosions on internal organs, especially the brain.<ref>Brook, Tom Vanden, "[https://www.usatoday.com/printedition/news/20090407/1apigs07_st.art.htm Brain Study, Animal Rights Collide]", ''[[USA Today]]'' (7 April 2009), p. 1.</ref>

In the US military, [[goat]]s are commonly used to train [[combat medic]]s. (Goats have become the main animal species used for this purpose after the Pentagon phased out using dogs for medical training in the 1980s.<ref name=kelly2013>{{cite news
|title=Who, What, Why: Does shooting goats save soldiers' lives?
|first=Jon|last=Kelly|periodical= BBC News Magazine|date=7 March 2013
|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-21620521}}</ref>) While modern [[Mannequin#Medical education|mannequins]] used in medical training are quite efficient in simulating the behavior of a human body, some trainees feel that "the goat exercise provide[s] a sense of urgency that only real life trauma can provide".<ref>{{cite news|title=Military is required to justify using animals in medic training after pressure from activists|first=Ernesto|last=Londoño|date=24 February 2013|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/military-is-required-to-justify-using-animals-in-medic-training-after-pressure-from-activists/2013/02/24/9b19e4ee-7d3e-11e2-82e8-61a46c2cde3d_story.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131215065035/http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-02-24/world/37276084_1_animal-activists-human-simulators-civilian-trauma|archive-date=15 December 2013}}</ref> Nevertheless, in 2014, the [[U.S. Coast Guard]] announced that it would reduce the number of animals it uses in its training exercises by half after [[PETA]] released video showing Guard members cutting off the limbs of unconscious goats with tree trimmers and inflicting other injuries with a shotgun, pistol, ax and a scalpel.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Vergakis|first1=Brock|title=Coast Guard reduces use of live animals in training|url=http://hamptonroads.com/2014/02/coast-guard-reduces-use-live-animals-training|access-date=7 July 2015|date=14 February 2014|archive-date=9 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150709080350/http://hamptonroads.com/2014/02/coast-guard-reduces-use-live-animals-training|url-status=dead}}</ref> That same year, citing the availability of human simulators and other alternatives, the Department of Defense announced it would begin reducing the number of animals it uses in various training programs.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bender|first1=Bryan|title=Military to curtail use of live animals in medical training|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2014/11/11/pentagon-takes-major-steps-phase-out-use-live-animals-medical-training/2XOfgaevD80qsHs1A1SbNJ/story.html|access-date=7 July 2015|agency=Boston Globe|date=12 November 2014}}</ref> In 2013, several [[United States Navy|Navy]] medical centers stopped using ferrets in intubation exercises after complaints from [[PETA]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Champaco|first1=Brent|title=PETA: Madigan Army Medical Center Has Stopped 'Cruel' Ferret-Testing|url=http://patch.com/washington/lakewood-jblm/peta-madigan-army-medical-center-has-stopped-ferrettesting|access-date=7 July 2015|agency=Patch|date=15 August 2013}}</ref>

Besides the United States, six out of 28 NATO countries, including Poland and Denmark, use live animals for combat medic training.<ref name=kelly2013/>