Editing Acre, Israel (section)

===City walls===
[[File:Acre 201016 St Johns Church 01.jpg|thumb|Acre's southern sea wall.]]
In 1750, [[Zahir al-Umar]], the ruler of Acre, utilized the remnants of the Crusader walls as a foundation for his walls. Two gates were set in the wall, the "land gate" in the eastern wall, and the "sea gate" in the southern wall. The walls were reinforced between 1775 and 1799 by Jazzar Pasha and survived Napoleon's siege. The wall was thin, at only {{convert|1.5|m|ft}}, and rose to a height of between {{convert|10|m|ft}} and {{convert|13|m|ft}}.<ref>Kahanov, 2014, p.147.</ref>

A heavy land [[defensive wall]] was built north and east to the city in 1800–1814 by Jazzar Pasha and his Jewish advisor, Haim Farhi. It consists of a modern counter-artillery [[fortification]] which includes a thick defensive wall, a dry [[moat]], [[cannon]] outposts and three ''burges'' (large defensive towers). Since then, no major modifications have taken place. The sea wall, which remains mostly complete, is the original wall built by Zahir that was reinforced by Jazzar Pasha. In 1910, two additional gates were set in the walls, one in the northern wall and one in the north-western corner of the city. In 1912, the [[Akko Light|Acre lighthouse]] was built on the south-western corner of the walls.<ref>{{Cite rowlett|isr|date=2018|access-date=January 24, 2019}}</ref>