Editing Zebrafish (section)

====Transparent adult bodies====
In 2008, researchers at [[Boston Children's Hospital]] developed a new strain of zebrafish, named Casper, whose adult bodies had transparent skin.<ref name=zviv/> This allows for detailed visualization of cellular activity, circulation, [[metastasis]] and many other phenomena.<ref name=zviv/> In 2019 researchers published a crossing of a ''prkdc<sup>-/-</sup>'' and a ''IL2rga<sup>-/-</sup>'' strain that produced transparent, immunodeficient offspring, lacking [[natural killer cell]]s as well as [[B cell|B]]- and [[T cell|T-cells]]. This strain can be adapted to {{convert|37|C|F}} warm water and the absence of an immune system makes the use of patient derived [[Xenotransplantation|xenografts]] possible.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Yan C, Brunson DC, Tang Q, Do D, Iftimia NA, Moore JC, Hayes MN, Welker AM, Garcia EG, Dubash TD, Hong X, Drapkin BJ, Myers DT, Phat S, Volorio A, Marvin DL, Ligorio M, Dershowitz L, McCarthy KM, Karabacak MN, Fletcher JA, Sgroi DC, Iafrate JA, Maheswaran S, Dyson NJ, Haber DA, Rawls JF, Langenau DM |display-authors=6 |title=Visualizing Engrafted Human Cancer and Therapy Responses in Immunodeficient Zebrafish |journal=Cell |volume=177 |issue=7 |pages=1903–1914.e14 |date=June 2019 |pmid=31031007 |pmc=6570580 |doi=10.1016/j.cell.2019.04.004}}</ref> In January 2013, Japanese scientists genetically modified a transparent zebrafish specimen to produce a visible glow during periods of intense brain activity.<ref name=ithinkz>{{cite news |url=http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-01/watch-zebrafish-think-about-food |title=Researchers Capture A Zebrafish's Thought Process On Video |website=Popular Science |date=January 31, 2013 |access-date=February 4, 2013 |archive-date=October 3, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003135509/http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2013-01/watch-zebrafish-think-about-food |url-status=live}}</ref>

In January 2007, Chinese researchers at [[Fudan University]] genetically modified zebrafish to detect [[oestrogen]] pollution in lakes and rivers, which is linked to male infertility. The researchers cloned oestrogen-sensitive genes and injected them into the fertile eggs of zebrafish. The modified fish turned green if placed into water that was polluted by oestrogen.<ref name=ChinaOest>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080225200714/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2007-01/12/content_5597696.htm "Fudan scientists turn fish into estrogen alerts"]. [[Xinhua]]. January 12, 2007. Retrieved November 15, 2012.</ref>