Editing World's Columbian Exposition (section)

== Music ==

=== Musicians ===
[[File:1893 Birds Eye view of Chicago Worlds Columbian Exposition.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.5|Bird's Eye View, 1893]]
* [[John Philip Sousa]]′s Band played for the Exposition dedication celebration in Chicago, 10 October through 21 October 1892.
* [[Joseph Douglass]], classical violinist, who achieved wide recognition after his performance there and became the first African-American violinist to conduct a transcontinental tour and the first to tour as a concert violinist.<ref>Southern, p. 283</ref><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.2307/779543|title=Black String Musicians: Ascending the Scale|author=Caldwell Titcomb|journal=Black Music Research Journal|volume=10 |issue=1|date=Spring 1990|pages=107–112|publisher=Center for Black Music Research – Columbia College Chicago and [[University of Illinois Press]]|jstor=779543}}</ref>
* [[Sissieretta Jones]], a soprano known as "the Black Patti" and an already-famous opera singer.<ref name="This is Ragtime">{{Cite book | title =This is Ragtime | author =Terry Waldo | publisher =Da Capo Press | year =1991 | isbn =978-0-306-80439-7 | url =https://archive.org/details/thisisragtime00wald }}</ref>
* A paper on African-American [[spiritual (music)|spirituals]] and [[ring shout|shouts]] by [[Abigail Christensen]] was read to attendees.<ref name="Brunvand">{{cite book|last=Brunvand|first=Jan Harold |author-link=Jan Harold Brunvand|title=American folklore: an encyclopedia|chapter=Christensen, Abigail Mandana ("Abbie") Holmes (1852–1938)|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=1998|page=142|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l0N_sedAATAC&q=Abigail+Christensen+folklore&pg=PA142|isbn=978-0-8153-3350-0}}</ref>

There were many other black artists at the fair, ranging from [[minstrel]] and early ragtime groups to more formal [[Classical music|classical]] ensembles to street buskers.
*[[Scott Joplin]], pianist, from Texarkana, Texas; became widely known for his piano playing at the fair.

=== Other music and musicians ===
* The first [[Music of Indonesia|Indonesian music]] performance in the United States was at the exposition.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music|chapter=Indonesian Music|last=Diamond|first=Beverly|author2=Barbara Benary |pages=1011–1023}}</ref> The [[gamelan]] instruments used in the performance were later placed in the Field Museum of Natural History.
* A group of [[hula]] dancers led to increased awareness of [[music of Hawaii|Hawaiian music]] among Americans throughout the country.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music|chapter=Polynesian Music|last=Stillman|first=Amy Ku'uleialoha|pages=1047–1053}}</ref>
* [[Stoughton Musical Society]], the oldest choral society in the United States, presented the first concerts of early American music at the exposition.
* The first [[eisteddfod]] (a Welsh choral competition with a history spanning many centuries) held outside Wales was held in Chicago at the exposition.
* A 250-voice [[Mormon Tabernacle Choir]] competed in the Eisteddfod, taking the second place prize of $1,000. This was the first appearance of the choir outside the [[Utah Territory]].
* On August 12, 1893, [[Antonín Dvořák]] conducted a gala "Bohemian Day" concert at the exposition, besieged by visitors including the conductor of the [[Chicago Symphony]], who arranged for performance of Dvořák's ''[[String Quartet No. 12 (Dvořák)|American]]'' string quartet, just completed in [[Spillville, Iowa]], during a Dvořák family vacation in a Czech-speaking community there.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dvořák in America|url=http://www.dvoraknyc.org/dvorak-in-america/|website=Dvořák American Heritage Association |access-date=2015-12-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304081722/http://www.dvoraknyc.org/dvorak-in-america/|archive-date=2016-03-04|url-status=live}}</ref>
* American composer [[Amy Beach]] (1867–1944) was commissioned by the Board of Lady Managers of the fair to compose a choral work (Festival Jubilate, op. 17) for the opening of the Woman's Building.<ref name="auto">{{cite book|title=Brittain, Randy Charles. "Festival Jubilate, Op. 17 by Amy Cheney Beach (1867–1944): A Performing Edition." Ph.D. Dissertation: University of North Carolina, Greensboro, 1994.}}</ref>
* Sousa's Band played concerts in the south bandstand on the Great Plaza, 25 May to 28 June 1893.
* The University of Illinois Military Band conducted by student leaders Charles Elder and Richard Sharpe played concerts twice daily in the Illinois Building 9 June to 24 June 1893. Soloists were William Sandford, euphonium; Charles Elder, clarinet; William Steele, cornet. The band members slept on cots on the top floor of the building.
* On June 8, 1893, The Exposition Orchestra, an expanded version of the [[Chicago Symphony]] conducted by guest conductor Vojtěch I. Hlaváč, played the American premiere of [[Modest Mussorgsky]]'s ''[[A Night on Bald Mountain]]'' as part of a concert of Russian folk music.<ref>Program notes by Phillip Huscher for a performance by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra conducted by Riccardo Muti at the Krannert Center for the Performing Arts, Urbana, Ill. 24 September 2016. pp. 6–7.</ref>
* A pipe organ containing over 3,900 pipes, one of the largest in the world at the time, was built by the Farrand & Votey Organ Company to the specifications of Chicago organist [[Clarence Eddy]]. It was one of the first great organs to rely on electrical connections from its keys to its pipes.<ref>{{cite web |title=The great pipe organ|url=https://michigantoday.umich.edu/2010/05/12/a7735/|website=Michigan Today |date=May 12, 2010|access-date=2021-12-14}}</ref>
* Musicologist Anna Morsch and composer [[Charlotte Sporleder]] presented a program of German music.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Généalogie de Charlotte Wilhelmine Eringarde Freiin Spiegel von und zu Peckelsheim|url=https://gw.geneanet.org/hsielsht?lang=fr&n=freiin+spiegel+von+und+zu+peckelsheim&oc=0&p=charlotte+wilhelmine+eringarde|access-date=2021-12-31|website=Geneanet|language=fr}}</ref>
* Composer and pianist [[Anita Socola Specht]] won the title "best amateur pianist in the United States," although some of the judges told her, "You are not an amateur, you are an artist!"<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mount|first=May W.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O9o-AAAAYAAJ&q=Anita+Socola+composer |title=Some Notables of New Orleans: Biographical and Descriptive Sketches of the Artists of New Orleans, and Their Work|date=1896|publisher=The Author|language=en}}</ref>