Editing William III of England (section)

==Death==
[[File:De dodelijke val van Willem III tijdens een jachtpartij, 1702, RP-P-OB-82.969 (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|19th-century depiction of William's deadly fall from his horse]]
In 1702, William died of [[pneumonia]], a complication from a [[broken collarbone]] following a fall from his horse, Sorrel. It was rumoured that the horse had been confiscated from Sir John Fenwick, one of the Jacobites who had conspired against William.<ref>Van der Kiste, pp. 251–254</ref> Because his horse had stumbled into a [[mole (animal)|mole's]] burrow, many Jacobites toasted "the little gentleman in the black velvet waistcoat".<ref>Van der Kiste, p. 255</ref> Years later, [[Winston Churchill]], in his ''[[A History of the English-Speaking Peoples]]'', stated that the fall "opened the door to a troop of lurking foes".<ref>Churchill, pp. 30–31</ref> William was buried in Westminster Abbey alongside his wife.<ref>{{Cite web |title=William III |url=http://www.westminster-abbey.org/history-research/monuments-gravestones/royalty/12322 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080106223703/http://www.westminster-abbey.org/history-research/monuments-gravestones/royalty/12322 |archive-date=6 January 2008 |access-date=8 August 2008 |publisher=Westminster Abbey Official site}}</ref> His sister-in-law and cousin, Anne, became [[queen regnant]] of England, Scotland and Ireland.

William's death meant that he would remain the only member of the Dutch House of Orange to reign over England. Members of this House had served as stadtholder of Holland and the majority of the other provinces of the Dutch Republic since the time of [[William the Silent]] (William I). The five provinces of which William III was stadtholder—Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Gelderland, and Overijssel—all suspended the office after his death. Thus, he was the last [[patrilineal]] descendant of William I to be named stadtholder for the majority of the provinces. Under William III's will, [[John William Friso]] stood to inherit the [[Principality of Orange]] as well as several lordships in the Netherlands.<ref>Israel, pp. 959–960</ref> He was William's closest [[Primogeniture#Agnatic primogeniture|agnatic]] relative, as well as grandson of William's aunt [[Countess Henriette Catherine of Nassau|Henriette Catherine]]. However, [[Frederick I of Prussia]] also claimed the Principality as the senior [[Primogeniture|cognatic heir]], his mother Louise Henriette being Henriette Catherine's older sister.<ref>Israel, pp. 962, 968</ref> Under the [[Treaty of Utrecht]] (1713), Frederick I's successor, [[Frederick William I of Prussia]], ceded his territorial claim to Louis XIV, keeping only a claim to the title. Friso's posthumous son, [[William IV, Prince of Orange|William IV]], succeeded to the title at his birth in 1711; in the Treaty of Partition (1732), William IV agreed to share the title "Prince of Orange" with Frederick William.<ref>Israel, pp. 991–992; {{Cite web |title=Text of the Treaty of Partition |url=http://www.heraldica.org/topics/royalty/berlin1732.htm |access-date=8 August 2008 |publisher=Heraldica |language=fr}}</ref>