Editing Ted Bundy (section)

=== Unconfirmed ===
Bundy remains a suspect in several unsolved homicides and disappearances, and is likely responsible for others that may never be identified; in 1987, he confided to Keppel that there were "some murders" that he would "never talk about," because they were committed "too close to home," "too close to family" or involved "victims who were very young."{{sfn|Keppel|2010|loc=Kindle location 7375}} Minutes before his execution, Hagmaier queried Bundy about unsolved homicides in [[New Jersey]], Vermont, Illinois, [[Texas]] and Florida. Bundy provided directions—later proven inaccurate—to Curtis' burial site in Utah, but denied involvement in any of the open cases.{{sfn|Michaud|Aynesworth|1999|pp=343–344}} In 2011, Bundy's complete DNA profile, obtained from a vial of his blood found in an evidence vault, was added to the FBI's DNA database for future reference in these and other unsolved murder cases:<ref>{{cite news|first=Erica |last=Goode|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/10/us/10bundy.html|title=DNA Profile of Ted Bundy Gives Hope to Old Cases|newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |location=New York City|date=August 9, 2011|access-date=March 4, 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190303221010/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/10/us/10bundy.html |archive-date=March 3, 2019 }}</ref>
* [[Disappearance of Ann Marie Burr|Ann Marie Burr]], 8, vanished from her [[Tacoma, Washington|Tacoma]] residence on August 31, 1961,<ref name="NamUS4593" /> when Bundy was aged 14. An unknown tennis shoe imprint was found by the overturned bench used to enter her house. Due to the small size of the shoe, police believed the perpetrator was a teenager or youth.<ref>{{cite news|first1=Bob|last1=Levenson|title=Parents are Left to Wonder|url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1989-01-24-8901240575-story.html|newspaper=[[Orlando Sentinel]]|date=January 24, 1989|access-date=May 14, 2022|archive-date=February 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204011113/https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-1989-01-24-8901240575-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The Burr house was on Bundy's newspaper delivery route and Burr's father was certain that he saw Bundy in a ditch at a construction site on the nearby UPS campus the morning his daughter disappeared.{{sfn|Morris|2013|p={{page needed|date=October 2019}}}}{{sfn|Keppel|2005|p=387}}{{sfn|Morris|2013|pp=238–240}} Other circumstantial evidence implicates Bundy as well, but detectives familiar with the case have never agreed on the likelihood of his involvement.{{sfn|Keppel|2005|p=387}}{{sfn|Morris|2013|pp=238–240}} Bundy repeatedly denied culpability and wrote a letter of denial to the Burr family in 1986.{{sfn|Rule|2009|p=623}} However, Keppel has observed that the Burr case fits all three categories of murders Bundy would "never talk about": "too close to home," "too close to family" and "very young."{{sfn|Keppel|2010|loc=Kindle location 7375}} Forensic testing of material evidence from the Burr crime scene in 2011 yielded insufficient intact DNA sequences for comparison with Bundy's, and as such his involvement remains speculative.<ref name="BurrDNA" />
* Flight attendants Lisa Wick and Lonnie Ree Trumbull, both 20, were bludgeoned with a piece of lumber as they slept in their basement apartment in Seattle's [[Queen Anne, Seattle|Queen Anne]] neighborhood in the early morning hours of June 23, 1966.<ref name="SpokaneDaily" /> An autopsy concluded that Trumbull had died at approximately midnight from a blow to the head she had received about an hour earlier. In retrospect, Keppel noted many similarities to the Chi Omega crime scene.{{sfn|Keppel|2010|loc=Kindle location 7135}} The crime was also similarly comparable to Bundy's earlier verifiable assaults on women, who were bludgeoned while in their beds in Seattle basement apartments. Wick, who suffered permanent memory loss as a result of the attack, later contacted Rule: "I know that it was Ted Bundy who did that to us," she wrote, "but I can't tell you how I know."{{sfn|Rule|2009|p=509}} Police records state that when Bundy's fingerprints were compared in January 1977 to those left at the crime scene, they did not match, although many people were allowed into the unsecured crime scene and may have left their fingerprints, thereby causing unwanted alteration of evidence. Bundy's involvement remains unconfirmed.{{sfn|Keppel|2005|p=386}}
* Vacationing Pennsylvania college friends Susan Margarite Davis and Elizabeth Potter Perry, both 19, were stabbed to death in [[Somers Point, New Jersey]], on May 30, 1969.<ref name="DailyNews" /> The women had been visiting Ocean City and were on their way back to Pennsylvania at about 4:30&nbsp;a.m. before they stopped at the Somers Point Diner for breakfast. They left the diner one hour later and vanished. Their car was found that day abandoned beside the [[Garden State Parkway]] near Atlantic City, {{convert|60|mi}} southeast of Philadelphia; their bodies were discovered in nearby woods three days later tied to trees with their hair.<ref name="Free Lance" /> Davis was naked with her clothing and accessories in a pile beside her. Except for her missing underwear, Perry was fully-dressed. Bundy attended [[Temple University]] from January through May 1969 and apparently did not move west until after [[Memorial Day]] weekend. While his accounts of his earliest crimes varied considerably between interviews, he told forensic psychologist Art Norman that his first murder victims were two women in the Philadelphia area.<ref name="DailyNews" /> Biographer Richard Larsen believed that Bundy committed the murders using his feigned-injury ruse, based on an investigator's interview with Bundy's aunt: Ted, she said, was wearing a leg cast due to an automobile accident on the weekend of the homicides, and therefore could not have traveled from Philadelphia to the [[New Jersey Shore|Jersey Shore]]; there is no official record of any such accident.<ref name="'69 Killings3" /> Bundy is considered a "strong suspect" but the case remains open.<ref name="'69 Killings3" />
* [[Murder of Rita Curran|Rita Patricia Curran]], a 24-year-old elementary school teacher and part-time motel maid, was murdered in her basement apartment on July 19, 1971, in Burlington, Vermont; she had been strangled, bludgeoned and raped.{{sfn|Rule|1989|pp=416–417}} The time of death was later given as approximately midnight. The location of the motel where she worked which was adjacent to Bundy's birthplace, the Elizabeth Lund Home for Unwed Mothers, and similarities to known Bundy crime scenes led retired FBI agent John Bassett to propose him as a suspect.{{sfn|Rule|2009|pp=505–508}} Bundy told Keppel that he murdered a young woman in 1971 in Burlington when he was there to obtain information about his birth,<ref>Keller, Larry (January 24, 1989). [https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-1989-01-24-8901040963-story.html "STARKE – Confessed mass murderer Ted Bundy..."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200223013545/https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-1989-01-24-8901040963-story.html |date=February 23, 2020 }} ''Sun-Sentinel.com''. Retrieved July 12, 2020.</ref> but denied specific involvement in the Curran case to Hagmaier on the eve of his execution.{{sfn|Michaud|Aynesworth|1999|pp=343–344}} No evidence firmly places Bundy in Burlington on that date, but municipal records note that a person named "Bundy" was bitten by a dog that week,{{sfn|Rule|2009|p=508}} and long stretches of Bundy's time—including the summer of 1971—remain unaccounted for.<ref name="timeline"/><ref name="Curran" /> In 2023, the Burlington Police Department announced that Curran's killer was her next-door neighbor, who had been identified using DNA extracted from a discarded cigarette butt found at the crime scene.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/cigarette-butt-leads-teacher-killer-183143812.html | title=Cigarette Butt Leads to Teacher's Killer over 50 Years Later | date=February 21, 2023 | access-date=February 22, 2023 | archive-date=February 22, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222084544/https://www.yahoo.com/news/cigarette-butt-leads-teacher-killer-183143812.html | url-status=live }}</ref>
* Joyce Margaret LePage, 21, was last seen on the evening of July 22, 1971, when friends dropped her off at her apartment on the campus of [[Washington State University]] (WSU), where she was an undergraduate. Later, her vehicle was discovered by police parked four blocks from her residence. Nine months later, LePage's skeletal remains were found wrapped in two "military" blankets, bound with rope, in a deep ravine south of [[Pullman, Washington]]. Her remains were also covered with a sizable piece of green shag carpet that had been previously reported missing from Stevens Hall, a women's residence on the WSU campus, which was vacant and undergoing renovations in the summer of 1971. The cause of her death was confirmed to be three knife wounds to her chest, which was determined during an FBI forensic examination of her bones. Police concluded from the available evidence that she had been stabbed to death in Stevens Hall before being wrapped in carpet and taken to the ravine.<ref>
Johnson, David (February 9, 2009). "Swept under the rug: WSU student's remains found nine months after carpet reported missing from dorm." [http://media.spokesman.com/documents/2009/02/Document2____.pdf MediaSpokesman.com archive] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120606082235/http://media.spokesman.com/documents/2009/02/Document2____.pdf |date=June 6, 2012 }} . Retrieved December 28, 2012.
</ref> [[Whitman County, Washington|Whitman County]] authorities have said that multiple suspects—including Bundy—have "never been cleared."<ref name="list" />
* Kerry May-Hardy, 22, disappeared whilst hitchhiking on June 13, 1972, from [[Woodland Park, Seattle]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.capitolhillseattle.com/2011/06/investigators-seek-information-on-murdered-woman-last-seen-on-capitol-hill-in-1972/ | title=Investigators seek information on murdered woman last seen on Capitol Hill in 1972 | date=June 4, 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.oregonlive.com/pacific-northwest-news/2011/06/northwest_news_gladstone_woman_arrested_in_beauticians_homicide_remains_found_in_eastern_washington.html | title=Northwest News: Gladstone woman arrested in beautician's homicide; remains discovered in Eastern Washington are those of woman who disappeared 40 years ago | date=June 4, 2011 | access-date=February 10, 2023 | archive-date=October 28, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028195046/https://www.oregonlive.com/pacific-northwest-news/2011/06/northwest_news_gladstone_woman_arrested_in_beauticians_homicide_remains_found_in_eastern_washington.html | url-status=live }}</ref> Hardy's skeletal remains were unearthed on September 6, 2010, by construction machinery, in a grave measuring two feet (0.6 meters) in depth.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.komonews.com/news/local/123113528.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805111847/http://www.komonews.com/news/local/123113528.html | archive-date=August 5, 2011 | title=Human remains ID'd as Seattle woman who vanished in '72 &#124; Seattle News, Weather, Sports, Breaking News &#124; KOMO News &#124; Local & Regional | work=KOMO News }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.co.kittitas.wa.us/press/default.asp?prID=28 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612060034/http://www.co.kittitas.wa.us/press/default.asp?prID=28 | archive-date=June 12, 2011 | title=Kittitas County Press Releases }}</ref> DNA from the skeleton matched the family's sample on June 1, 2011. Hardy's body was discovered five miles from Bundy's mass grave at Taylor Mountain and she is known to have shared a mutual acquaintance with Bundy, although it is uncertain if they actually knew each other.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://killerinthearchives.blog/the-unconfirmed-cases-kerry-hardy-may-1972/ | title=The Unconfirmed Cases: Kerry Hardy-May; 1972 | date=May 12, 2022 }}</ref> The case remains unsolved.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/ted-bundy-victim-or-not-expert_n_872163 | title=Expert: Too Soon to Tell if Skeletal Remains Were Those of Ted Bundy Victim | newspaper=Huffpost UK | date=June 6, 2011 | access-date=February 10, 2023 | archive-date=October 28, 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221028195044/https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/ted-bundy-victim-or-not-expert_n_872163 | url-status=live }}</ref>
* In 1989, Bundy confessed to two homicides in Oregon without identifying the victims. Oregon law enforcement subsequently identified Bundy as a prime suspect in the 1973 disappearances of Vicki Lynn Hollar, aged 24,<ref name="NamUS9265" /> who disappeared from [[Eugene, Oregon|Eugene]] on August 20 and Suzanne Rae Justis, aged 23, who was last seen in [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]] on November 5.<ref name=Justis>{{Cite web|title=Bundy link considered in 4 local cases|language=en-US|work=Eugene Register-Guard|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1310&dat=19890224&id=5XkzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=qeEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6456,5577914}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Suzanne Rae Justis|language=en-US|work=NamUs|url=https://www.namus.gov/MissingPersons/Case#/14710|access-date=August 23, 2023|archive-date=May 21, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180521194854/https://www.namus.gov/MissingPersons/Case#/14710|url-status=live}}</ref> Hollar was last seen getting into her car at a parking lot en route to her apartment.<ref name="NamUS9265" /> Justis was last heard from when she telephoned her parents from outside the [[Veterans Memorial Coliseum (Portland, Oregon)|Veterans Memorial Coliseum]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Suzanne Rae Justis|language=en-US|work=The Charley Project|url=https://charleyproject.org/case/suzanne-rae-justis|access-date=August 23, 2023|archive-date=August 23, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823084625/https://charleyproject.org/case/suzanne-rae-justis|url-status=live}}</ref> Bundy was linked to the cases due to the fact that Hollar and Justis both fitted his preferred victim profile and he was known to have been in the area at the time they disappeared.<ref name=Justis/> Another possible victim identified by detectives was 17-year-old Rita Lorraine Jolly who disappeared from [[West Linn, Oregon|West Linn]] on June 29, 1973, after leaving her residence on Horton Road to go for a walk. Jolly was last seen between 8:30 and 9:00&nbsp;p.m., walking uphill on Sunset Avenue.<ref name="NamUS7780" /> Authorities were unable to obtain an interview with Bundy and all three women remain classified as [[missing person|missing]].{{sfn|Michaud|Aynesworth|1999|p=338}}
* Katherine Merry Devine, aged 14, was abducted on November 25, 1973; her body was found the following month in the [[Capitol State Forest]] near Olympia, Washington.<ref name="AP2002-07-30" /> Brenda Joy Baker, also aged 14, was last seen hitchhiking near [[Puyallup, Washington|Puyallup]], on May 27, 1974; her body was found in [[Millersylvania State Park]] a month later.<ref name="list" /><ref name="'73slaying" /> Her throat had been slit. Though Bundy was widely believed responsible for both murders, he told Keppel that he had no knowledge of either case.{{sfn|Keppel|2005|pp=257–262}}{{sfn|Keppel|2010|loc=Kindle location 7118}} DNA analysis led to the arrest and conviction of William Cosden for Devine's murder in 2002.<ref name="AP2002-07-30" /> The Baker homicide remains unsolved, although Cosden is also considered the prime suspect in her case.<ref name="AP2002-07-30" />
* Sandra Jean Weaver, 19, a [[Wisconsin]] native who had been living in [[Tooele, Utah]], was last seen leaving the [[Warehouse District (Salt Lake City)|Warehouse District]] in Salt Lake City for her lunch break at around 10:30&nbsp;a.m. on July 1, 1974. Her nude body was discovered the following day by tourists hiking in [[De Beque]] by the Colorado River near Grand Junction, Colorado.<ref name="Tie-in" /> She had been sexually assaulted and strangled to death before being dumped off a service road.<ref name="Unclear" /> Salt Lake County Sheriff's Detective Jerry Thompson later stated that Weaver's case was "very similar" to the subsequent deaths of Smith and Aime. However, Weaver's murder officially remains unsolved.<ref name="Follow up" />
* 21-year-old [[University of Utah]] student Rhonda Stapley was waiting at a bus stop in Salt Lake City on October 11, 1974, when she was allegedly approached by Bundy, who had pulled over and offered her a ride in his Volkswagen Beetle.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ted Bundy Attack Survivor Explains Why She Kept Silent – and Why She's Talking Now|language=en-US|work=People|url=https://people.com/crime/ted-bundy-survivor-rhonda-stapley-why-she-kept-silent/|access-date=August 29, 2023|archive-date=August 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829150322/https://people.com/crime/ted-bundy-survivor-rhonda-stapley-why-she-kept-silent/|url-status=live}}</ref> After entering his vehicle, Bundy drove to an isolated canyon picnic spot, shut off the engine, turned to her and said: "Do you know what? I am going to kill you now."<ref>{{Cite web|title='Ted Bundy: The Survivors': Rhonda Stapley believes her silence resulted in assault and killing of more victims|language=en-US|work=meaww.com|date=October 4, 2020|url=https://meaww.com/ted-bundy-the-survivors-rhonda-stapley-believes-silence-resulted-in-assault-killing-of-more-victims-487932|access-date=August 29, 2023|archive-date=August 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829150323/https://meaww.com/ted-bundy-the-survivors-rhonda-stapley-believes-silence-resulted-in-assault-killing-of-more-victims-487932|url-status=live}}</ref> He then repeatedly choked and raped Stapley over a period of three hours until Bundy, who thought she was dead, was distracted by something near his car and she was able to run into the woods.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ted Bundy Victim Recalls Her Encounter With The Serial Killer|language=en-US|work=YouTube|date=April 26, 2016 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzOlJtFWytY|access-date=August 29, 2023|archive-date=August 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829150322/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yzOlJtFWytY|url-status=live}}</ref> Although Stapley would not publicly acknowledge the incident until 2011, her account was supported by Ann Rule, who said that it was consistent with the FBI's timeline of Bundy's activities in 1974.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Suspected Ted Bundy Victim Recounts Her Harrowing Escape|language=en-US|work=Oxygen|date=October 6, 2020|url=https://www.oxygen.com/true-crime-buzz/suspected-ted-bundy-victim-rhonda-stapley-recounts-escape|access-date=August 29, 2023|archive-date=August 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230829150324/https://www.oxygen.com/true-crime-buzz/suspected-ted-bundy-victim-rhonda-stapley-recounts-escape|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Melanie Suzanne Cooley, 18, disappeared on April 15, 1975, after leaving Nederland High School in [[Nederland, Colorado]], {{convert|50|mi}} northwest of Denver. She was last seen by classmates hitchhiking nearby after her classes were over.<ref name="CBIColdCase2"/> Her corpse was discovered by road maintenance workers two weeks later in [[Coal Creek, Jefferson County, Colorado|Coal Creek Canyon]], {{convert|20|mi}} away from where she was last seen. Gas station receipts place Bundy in nearby [[Golden, Colorado|Golden]] on the day Cooley disappeared.<ref name="HolmesHolmes" /> [[Jefferson County, Colorado|Jefferson County]] authorities consider the evidence in Cooley's case to be inconclusive and continue to treat her homicide as a [[cold case (criminology)|cold case]].<ref name="JeffersonCo-ColdCases" />
* Shelley Kay Robertson, 24, failed to show up for work in [[Golden, Colorado|Golden]] on July 1, 1975. Her nude, decomposed body was found by two mining students on August 21, {{convert|500|ft}} inside a mine on [[Berthoud Pass]] near [[Winter Park Resort]].<ref name="CBIColdCase3"/> Credit card receipts placed Bundy in Golden on the day of Robertson's disappearance, but there is no direct evidence of his involvement.{{sfn|Rule|2009|pp=162–163}}
* Nancy Perry Baird, 23, disappeared from the gas station where she worked as a service attendant in [[Layton, Utah]], {{convert|25|mi}} north of Salt Lake City, on July 4, 1975, and remains classified as a missing person.<ref name="Baird"/> A police officer on patrol saw her working alone there, and at 5:30&nbsp;p.m., less than fifteen minutes later, she was discovered missing.<ref name="NamUS11575" /> Bundy admitted to eight Utah homicides shortly before his execution and authorities suspected that one of the unidentified victims could have been Baird. However, her suspected kidnapping did not fit the profile of Bundy's past crimes in a number of respects, and he explicitly denied involvement during the interviews he gave on [[death row]].{{sfn|Michaud|Aynesworth|1999|p=340}}
* Deborah Diane Smith, aged 17, was last seen in Salt Lake City in early-February 1976, shortly before the DaRonch trial began; her body was found by a utility worker in an open pasture near [[Salt Lake City International Airport]] on April 1, 1976.<ref name="SunSentinel2"/> Salt Lake Detective Jim Bell suspected that Bundy may have killed Smith. "We're still in limbo on the Debbie Smith one," he said. "We're going to wait for a time chart. We haven't come up with anything on Bundy, but we haven't ruled anything out, either."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bundy Meet Does Little to Solve Cases|language=en-US|work=Deseret News|date=February 28, 1989|url=https://www.deseret.com/1989/2/28/18796850/bundy-meet-does-little-to-solve-cases|access-date=September 8, 2023|archive-date=September 8, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230908155135/https://www.deseret.com/1989/2/28/18796850/bundy-meet-does-little-to-solve-cases|url-status=live}}</ref>{{sfn|Rule|2009|p=599}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Deborah Diane SMITH|language=en-US|work=Utah Department of Public Safety|url=https://bci.utah.gov/coldcases/deborah-diane-smith/|access-date=July 1, 2023|archive-date=July 1, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230701193131/https://bci.utah.gov/coldcases/deborah-diane-smith/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Joy Kathleen Harmon, 22, was last seen exiting the Better Days Bar in Salt Lake City on the evening of March 2, 1976. On March 6, a hiker between [[Parley's Canyon]] and [[Emigration Canyon, Utah|Emigration Canyon]] found her partially clothed body north of [[Interstate 80]].<ref>{{Cite news|title=Investigators reopen 1970s murder case|language=en-US|work=KSL|url=https://www.ksl.com/article/6225343/investigators-reopen-1970s-murder-case|access-date=July 18, 2023|archive-date=July 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718154313/https://www.ksl.com/article/6225343/investigators-reopen-1970s-murder-case|url-status=live}}</ref> Harmon had been strangled and beaten; her murder occurred the day after Bundy was found guilty of aggravated kidnapping and three months before he was sentenced to prison and incarcerated on June 30.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Did Bundy Kill Others in Utah Besides 8?|language=en-US|work=[[Deseret News]]|url=https://www.deseret.com/1989/1/24/18792624/did-bundy-kill-others-in-utah-besides-8|access-date=July 18, 2023|archive-date=July 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718154310/https://www.deseret.com/1989/1/24/18792624/did-bundy-kill-others-in-utah-besides-8|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Police analyzing DNA from 2 men in 1976 death|language=en-US|work=[[Deseret News]]|url=https://www.deseret.com/2009/4/26/20314735/police-analyzing-dna-from-2-men-in-1976-death|access-date=July 18, 2023|archive-date=July 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718154313/https://www.deseret.com/2009/4/26/20314735/police-analyzing-dna-from-2-men-in-1976-death|url-status=live}}</ref> Her case is still unsolved.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Joy Kathleen Harmon|language=en-US|work=Utah Department of Public Safety|url=https://bci.utah.gov/coldcases/joy-kathleen-harmon/|access-date=July 18, 2023|archive-date=July 18, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230718154314/https://bci.utah.gov/coldcases/joy-kathleen-harmon/|url-status=live}}</ref>