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====National laboratories==== The [[United States Department of Energy|Department of Energy]]'s [[Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory]] (PPPL) stemmed from [[Project Matterhorn]], a top secret cold war project created in 1951 aimed at achieving controlled [[nuclear fusion]].<ref name="Princeton-Nuclear-2021">{{cite web|title=Project Matterhorn|url=https://nuclearprinceton.princeton.edu/project-matterhorn|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210707224836/https://nuclearprinceton.princeton.edu/project-matterhorn|archive-date=July 7, 2021|access-date=July 7, 2021|website=Nuclear Princeton|publisher=Princeton University|language=en}}</ref> Princeton astrophysics professor [[Lyman Spitzer]] became the first director of the project and remained director until the lab's declassification in 1961 when it received its current name.<ref name="Princeton-Nuclear-2021" /> Today, it is an institute for fusion energy research and plasma physics research.<ref>{{cite web|title=About|url=https://www.pppl.gov/about|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625034739/https://www.pppl.gov/about|archive-date=June 25, 2021|access-date=June 21, 2021|website=Princeton Plasma Physics Lab|publisher=Princeton University}}</ref> Founded in 1955 and located at Princeton's Forrestal Campus since 1968, the [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]'s [[Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory]] (GFDL) conducts climate research and modeling.<ref name="GFDL-2021">{{cite web|title=About GFDL|url=https://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/about/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210706061055/https://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/about/|archive-date=July 6, 2021|access-date=July 6, 2021|website=Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Quiñones|first=Eric|date=September 29, 2005|title=Pioneering meteorologist Smagorinsky dies|url=https://www.princeton.edu/news/2005/09/29/pioneering-meteorologist-smagorinsky-dies|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210401094200/https://www.princeton.edu/news/2005/09/29/pioneering-meteorologist-smagorinsky-dies|archive-date=April 1, 2021|access-date=July 7, 2021|publisher=Princeton University}}</ref> Princeton faculty, research scientists, and graduate scientists can participate in research with the lab.<ref name="GFDL-2021" />
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