Editing Mosin–Nagant (section)

==Users==
[[File:Mosin-Nagant Users.png|thumb|A map with current users of the Mosin–Nagant in blue and former users in red.]]

===Current users===
<!--READ FIRST: This section is for cited entries only. Please do not add entries into this list without a citation from a reliable source. All entries without a citation will be removed. Thank you.-->

{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* {{flag|Angola}}: Acquired from the People's Republic of China.<ref name="MR">{{cite web |url=http://mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/Chinese-T53Carbine.asp |first=Brent |last=Snodgrass |title=The Chinese Type 53 Mosin Nagant Carbine |website=Mosin-Nagant.net |access-date=10 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101219091309/http://mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/Chinese-T53Carbine.asp |archive-date=19 December 2010}}</ref>
* {{flag|Bulgaria}}: The first M1891s were received from the Russian Empire in the 1890s.{{sfn|Lapin|2007|p=100}} Bulgaria received new rifles in the 1950s.{{sfn|Lapin|2007|p=101}} They are still in use by the 101st Alpine Regiment.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.forthoodsentinel.com/news/rigorous-training-creates-friendships/article_dc273646-5363-11ea-9a68-57c0d478943b.html |first=Stephen |last=Cumby |title=Rigorous training creates friendships |website=Fort Hood Sentinel |date=20 February 2020 |access-date=19 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221131730/http://www.forthoodsentinel.com/news/rigorous-training-creates-friendships/article_dc273646-5363-11ea-9a68-57c0d478943b.html |archive-date=21 February 2020}}</ref>
* {{flag|Cambodia}}: Acquired from the People's Republic of China during the Cold War.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/Chinese-T53Carbine.asp |title=The Chinese Type 53 Carbine |website=Mosin-Nagant.net |access-date=13 August 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101219091309/http://mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/Chinese-T53Carbine.asp |archive-date=19 December 2010}}</ref>
* {{flag|Cuba}}: Acquired from the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China during the Cold War.<ref name="MR"/>
* {{flag|Egypt}}: Acquired from the Soviet Union during the Cold War.<ref name="Variations">{{cite web |url=http://mosinnagant.net/USSR/variations_of_the_rifles_mosin.asp |title=Variations of the Rifles Mosin-Nagant |first=Karl-Heinz |last=Wrobel |website=Mosin-Nagant.net |access-date=10 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101219085813/http://mosinnagant.net/USSR/variations_of_the_rifles_mosin.asp |archive-date=19 December 2010}}</ref>
* {{flag|Finland}}: [[7.62 TKIV 85]] sniper rifles built on the Mosin-Nagant action.<ref name="palokangas"/>{{rp|114–117,189–190}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://puolustusvoimat.fi/en/equipment#/asset/view/id/227 |title=SNIPER RIFLE 7.62 TKIV 85 |website=puolustusvoimat.fi |publisher=[[Finnish Defence Forces]] |access-date=12 March 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240312210504/https://puolustusvoimat.fi/en/equipment%23/asset/view/id/227 |archive-date=12 March 2024 |url-status=live}}</ref> Other variants have been removed from service as obsolete and sold off.
* {{flag|Georgia}}: Inherited after [[1991 Georgian independence referendum|independence in 1991]]. It saw use as a sniper rifle in the Armed Forces since 1991 to 2004, replaced by more modern weapons, now used as a ceremonial weapon.<ref name ='SAS 2003'>{{cite book |url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2003.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101112154702/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2003.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 12, 2010 |chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2003/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2003-Chapter-06-EN.pdf |chapter=Dangerous Supply: Small Arms and Conflict in the Republic of Georgia |title=Small Arms Survey 2003: Development Denied |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2003 |author=Small Arms Survey |page=197 |author-link=Small Arms Survey}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://salw-guide.bicc.de/en/weapon/view/12 |title=Mosin-Nagant Rifle Mod. 1891 |website=Small Arms and Light Weapons Guide}}</ref>
* {{flag|Indonesia}}: Used by the [[Indonesian Marine Corps|Marine Corps]] for training.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://rmol.id/read/2018/11/17/366719/Coba-Senapan-Tua-Rusia-|title=Coba Senapan Tua Rusia|website=rmol.id|date=17 November 2018|access-date=4 May 2021|language=id}}</ref>
* {{flag|Iraq}}<ref name ='SAS 2012 10'>{{cite book |url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html |chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2012/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2012-Chapter-10-EN.pdf |chapter=Surveying the Battlefield: Illicit Arms In Afghanistan, Iraq, and Somalia |title=Small Arms Survey 2012: Moving Targets |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |year=2012 |author=Small Arms Survey |pages=320–321 |isbn=978-0-521-19714-4 |author-link=Small Arms Survey |access-date=2018-08-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180831002411/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2012.html |archive-date=2018-08-31 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
* {{flag|Kazakhstan}}: Inherited from the Soviet Union after [[Independence Day (Kazakhstan)|independence]].<ref name="Mosin Variants"/>
* {{flag|Laos}}: Received from [[China]], [[North Vietnam]], and the [[Soviet Union]].
* {{flag|Mongolia}}
* {{flag|Namibia}}
* {{flag|Russia}}: Ceremonial use.{{sfn|Harriman|2016|p=76}} Minor use has been seen in the Russo-Ukrainian War.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, March 21 |url=https://www.criticalthreats.org/analysis/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-march-21 |access-date=2022-03-23 |website=Critical Threats}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://sofrep.com/news/russian-and-ukrainian-conscripts-from-donbas-fighting-ukraine-with-mosin-nagant-rifles-from-the-1800s/ | title=Russian and Ukrainian Conscripts from Donbas Fighting in Ukraine with Rifles from the 1800s | date=5 April 2022 }}</ref>
* {{flag|Somalia}}
* {{flag|Turkmenistan}}
* {{flag|Ukraine}} (selected security detachments of the [[Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ukraine)|Ministry of Internal Affairs]]): Some were used by pro-government militias during the War in Donbas.<ref>{{lang|uk|italic=no|Наказ Міністерства внутрішніх справ України "Про організацію службової діяльності цивільної охорони Державної служби охорони при МВС України" No. 1430 від 25.11.2003}} [Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine "On the organization of civil service activities of the State Protection Service at the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine" No. 1430 of 25 November 2003].</ref>{{sfn|Galeotti|2019|page=53}}
* {{flag|Uzbekistan}}
* {{flag|Venezuela}}: Used by the [[National Bolivarian Militia of Venezuela]] as their standard-issue rifle.
{{div col end}}

==== Non-state users ====
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
*{{flag|Donetsk People's Republic}}: Seen being used during the [[War in Donbas]] and during the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]].<ref name=donukrmosin>[https://web.archive.org/web/20230411170953/https://sofrep.com/news/russian-and-ukrainian-conscripts-from-donbas-fighting-ukraine-with-mosin-nagant-rifles-from-the-1800s/ Russian and Ukrainian Conscripts from Donbas Fighting in Ukraine with Rifles from the 1800s]</ref>
*{{flagicon image|}} [[Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.calibreobscura.com/the-xhemati-alban-sniper-squad-and-weapons/ |title=The Albanian Sniper Squad in Syria and their Weapons |date=December 12, 2018 |website=Calibreobscura.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201064337/https://www.calibreobscura.com/the-xhemati-alban-sniper-squad-and-weapons/|archive-date=February 1, 2023}}</ref>
* {{flag|Luhansk People's Republic}}: Seen being used during the [[War in Donbas]] and the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]]. Mosin–Nagants with [[PU scope]]s have also been seen used by snipers.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sofrep.com/news/russian-and-ukrainian-conscripts-from-donbas-fighting-ukraine-with-mosin-nagant-rifles-from-the-1800s/ | title=Russian and Ukrainian Conscripts from Donbas Fighting in Ukraine with Rifles from the 1800s | date=5 April 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QKRkwU8YQy4 | title=Mosin nagant rifle in Donbass #Ukraine #war #2022 | website=[[YouTube]] | date=7 July 2022 }}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Sendero Luminoso.svg}} [[Shining Path]]: Acquired from the People's Republic of China.<ref name="MR"/>
* {{flag|Syrian National Coalition}}{{sfn|Harriman|2016|p=77}}
{{div col end}}

===Former users===
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* {{flag|Islamic Republic of Afghanistan}}: Acquired sometime in the 1930s by the Afghan Army. The M44 variant was used by the former Afghan Honor Guard.<ref name="Mosin Variants"/>{{citation needed|date=November 2020}}
* {{flagicon|Albania|1946}} [[Socialist People's Republic of Albania|Albania]]<ref name="Mosin Variants">{{cite web |url=http://7.62x54r.net/MosinID/MosinRef01.htm |title=Mosin Nagant Master Model Reference |website=7.62x54r.net |access-date=2011-02-19 |archive-date=2017-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170716010943/http://7.62x54r.net/MosinID/MosinRef01.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* {{flag|Belgium}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/8mm_blindee_converted_mosin_naga.asp |title=8mm Blindee Converted Mosin Nagants |first=Kevin |last=Carney |website=Mosin-Nagant.net |access-date=10 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101219091323/http://mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/8mm_blindee_converted_mosin_naga.asp |archive-date=19 December 2010}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Armenia}} [[First Republic of Armenia]]: Inherited from the Russian Empire upon independence in 1918.<ref name="Greek-Turk">{{cite book |title=Armies of the Greek-Turkish War 1919–22 |series=Men-at-Arms |volume=501 |first=Philip |last=Jowett |date=20 July 2015 |publisher=Osprey |isbn=978-1-47280-684-0 |page=47}}</ref>
* {{flag|Austria-Hungary}} Captured during World War I,<ref name="mosinnagant.net">{{cite web |url=http://www.mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/Captured-Mosin-Nagants1.asp |title=Captured Mosin Nagant Rifles |website=Mosin-Nagant.net |access-date=7 June 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613193101/http://www.mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/Captured-Mosin-Nagants1.asp |archive-date=13 June 2011}}</ref> sold to Finland in the 1920s.{{Sfn|Lapin|2007|p=100}}
* {{flag|Azerbaijan}}: Inherited from the Soviet Union both during [[Independence Day (Azerbaijan (1918))|independence in 1918]] and after [[Day of Restoration of Independence (Azerbaijan)|independence in 1991]].
* {{flag|Republic of China (1912–1949)|1912}}: Supplied by the USSR or White Russians during [[Warlord Era]], most to either the [[National Revolutionary Army|NRA]] or to warlord armies.<ref>{{cite book |title=Chinese Warlord Armies 1911–1930 |series=Men-at-Arms |volume=463 |first=Philip |last=Jowett |date=10 September 2010 |publisher=[[Osprey Publishing|Osprey]] |isbn=978-1-84908-402-4 |page=21}}</ref>
* {{flag|People's Republic of China}}: Received Mosin variant rifles from the Soviet Union during the 1930s and 1940s. M44 carbines were used by the [[People's Volunteer Army]] in the [[Korean War]].<ref name="Mosin Variants"/> A licensed copy of the M44 carbine (Type 53) was produced in China for the PLA and the People's Militia. Also used by the "Forest Protection Police", a predecessor to the {{Ill|People's Armed Police Forestry Corps|zh|中國人民武裝警察部隊森林部隊}}.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-03-22 |title=回顾武警森林部队70年：曾被誉为“红孩儿敢死队” |trans-title=Revisiting the 70 years history of the PAP Forestry corps; Once nicknamed the "Fearless red boys" |url=https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_2038220 |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=[[The Paper (newspaper)|The Paper]]}}</ref>
* {{flag|Czechoslovakia}}: Briefly used Model 1891s from the [[Czechoslovak Legions]] until switching to Mauser variants after the First World War. After the [[1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état|Soviet-backed coup in 1948]], Czechoslovakia began converting M91 rifles to M91/38 carbines in the late 1950s. The Czechs developed a Mosin derivative sniper rifle known as the Vz.54 sniper rifle.<ref name="Mosin Variants"/>
* {{flag|Estonia}}: Inherited Model 1891s from the Russian Empire after [[Estonian War of Independence|independence]]. Estonia acquired Finnish variants such as the M28/30 and domestically produced Estonian variants such as the Model 1891/33 and Model 1891/38 until [[Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1940)|Soviet annexation]].<ref name="Estonia">{{cite web |url=http://mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/TheUseOfTheMosinNagantInEstonia.asp |title=The Estonian Use Of The Mosin Nagant Line Of Rifles/Carbines |first=Brent |last=Snodgrass |website=Mosin-Nagant.net |access-date=10 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101219085028/http://mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/TheUseOfTheMosinNagantInEstonia.asp |archive-date=19 December 2010}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Ethiopia|1975}}: In 1912,  despite the protests of Russia, several thousand captured Russian rifles were purchased by the Ethiopian army from Japan; those were in extremely poor technical condition.<ref>Tsypkin G. V. {{lang|ru|Эфиопия в антиколониальных войнах}} [''Ethiopia in the anti-colonial wars'']. Moscow: Nauka, 1988. p. 217. {{ISBN|5-02-016406-2}}.</ref> received some M44 carbines during the [[Ogaden War]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Ethiopian military rifle cartridges: Part 2: From Mauser to Kalashnikov |last=Scarlata |first=Paul |magazine=Shotgun News |date=March 1, 2009 |url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Ethiopian+military+rifle+cartridges%3A+Part+2%3A+from+Mauser+to...-a0195134991}}</ref>
*{{flag|France}}:{{citation needed|date=April 2021}} The [[Châtellerault]] arsenal produced 500,000 Model 1891s from 1892 to 1895 under contract to the Russian Empire to speed up Russia's rearmament.<ref name="Mosin Variants"/>
* {{flagcountry|German Democratic Republic}}:<ref name="Mosin Variants"/>{{sfn|Lapin|2007|pp=127–128|p=}} The M44 variant (designated the Karabiner 44) was used by the Grenztruppen and KdA in the 50s and 60s. 
* {{flag|German Empire}}: Captured during World War I, sold to Finland in the 1920s.{{sfn|Lapin|2007|pp=125–126|p=}}
* {{flag|Nazi Germany}}: Large stockpiles of Soviet weapons were captured during [[Operation Barbarossa]] and designated as the Gewehr 252–256 series.{{sfn|Lapin|2007|p=127}}
* {{flag|Grenada}}: Type 53s were reported by US Marines after the [[Invasion of Grenada]].<ref name="MR"/>
* {{flag|Guatemala}}: M91 and M91/30 rifles were supplied by the CIA during the 1954 coup; reportedly they were obtained through Interarmco.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The military rifle cartridges of Guatemala |url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+military+rifle+cartridges+of+Guatemala.-a0261731332 |access-date=2022-12-14 |website=www.thefreelibrary.com}}</ref> 
* {{flag|Honduras|1866}}: Surplus Mosins converted to 30-06 were bought from the Bannerman firm shortly before WW2.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The military rifle cartridges of Honduras from Cortez to zelaya. - Free Online Library |url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+military+rifle+cartridges+of+Honduras+from+Cortez+to+zelaya.-a0270283844 |access-date=2022-12-14 |website=www.thefreelibrary.com}}</ref>
* {{flag|Hungary}}: Produced M91/30s acquired from the Soviet Union from 1950 to 1954 as well as M44 and PU sniper variants. They were used during the [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956]].<ref name="Mosin Variants"/>
* {{flag|Israel}}: Used by [[Haganah]].<ref name="Israeli Mosins">{{cite web |url=https://www.tactical-life.com/firearms/rifles/israeli-k98-rifles/ |title=Israeli K98: How the Jewish State Acquired German Rifles After WWII |access-date=19 May 2020 |first1=Darrin |last1=Weaver |website=Tactical Life |date=5 April 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418220853/https://www.tactical-life.com/firearms/rifles/israeli-k98-rifles/ |archive-date=18 April 2020}}</ref>
* {{flag|Kingdom of Italy}}: Received some from Austria-Hungary as war reparations from World War I before they were sold to Finland.{{sfn|Harriman|2016|p=33}}
** {{flagicon image|Flag of Italian Committee of National Liberation.svg}} [[Italian Resistance Movement|Italian resistance]]: Later used by [[Italian Resistance Movement|partisans]] during the [[Italian Civil War]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gianluigi |first1=Usai |last2=Riccio |first2=Ralph |title=Italian partisan weapons in WWII |date=January 28, 2017 |publisher=Schiffer Military History |isbn=978-0-76435-210-2 |page=160}}</ref>
* {{flag|Empire of Japan}}: Stockpiles of M1891 rifles were captured from Imperial Russian forces during the [[Russo-Japanese War]] and from Bolshevik forces during the [[Japanese intervention in Siberia]]. Many were converted to single shot training rifles.<ref name="Captured rifles">{{cite web |url=http://www.mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/Captured-Mosin-Nagants1.asp |title=Captured Mosin-Nagant Rifles |access-date=19 October 2012 |first1=Kevin |last1=Carney |first2=Robert W. |last2=Edwards |website=Mosin-Nagant.net |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613193101/http://www.mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/Captured-Mosin-Nagants1.asp |archive-date=13 June 2011}}</ref>
* [[File:UCK KLA.svg|25px]] [[Kosovo Liberation Army]]: Used the Type 53 rifle.<ref name="MR"/>
* {{flag|Kyrgyzstan}}: Inherited from the Soviet Union after [[Independence Day (Kyrgyzstan)|independence]].
* {{flag|Latvia}}: Inherited large amounts of Model 1891s from the former Russian Empire after [[Latvian War of Independence|independence]]. Domestically produced Model 1891/30s in small quantities before the [[Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940|Soviet annexation]].<ref name="Variations"/>
* {{flag|Libya|1969}}<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+military+rifle+cartridges+of+Libya.-a0300062836 |title=The military rifle cartridges of Libya |last1=Scarlata |first1=Paul |date=August 2012 |magazine=[[Shotgun News]]}}</ref>
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Malayan National Liberation Army.svg|size=23px}} [[Malayan Communist Party]]: Small numbers were donated by the Soviet Union.<ref name="malay" />
* {{flag|Mali}}: [[People's Movement for the Liberation of Azawad]]<ref name ='SAS 2005'>{{cite book |url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2005.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101109192749/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/publications/by-type/yearbook/small-arms-survey-2005.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 9, 2010 |chapter-url=http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2005/en/Small-Arms-Survey-2005-Chapter-06-EN.pdf |chapter=Sourcing the Tools of War: Small Arms Supplies to Conflict Zones |title=Small Arms Survey 2005: Weapons at War |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |year=2005 |author=Small Arms Survey |page=166 |isbn=978-0-19-928085-8 |ref={{harvid|Small Arms Survey 2015}}|author-link=Small Arms Survey}}</ref>
* {{flag|Mexico|1916}}: 5,000 U.S.-made rifles received after World War I.{{sfn|Harriman|2016|p=38}}
* {{flagcountry|Principality of Montenegro}}:<ref name="Rifles">{{cite web |url=http://mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/serbmosin.asp |title=The Serbian & Montenegrin Model 1891 Three Line Rifles |first1=John P. |last1=Sheehan |first2=Kevin |last2=Carney |website=Mosin-Nagant.net |access-date=10 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101219091522/http://mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/serbmosin.asp |archive-date=19 December 2010}}</ref> 40,000 bought in 1898–1905, standard rifle during the [[First Balkan War]]. Locally known as 'moskovka'.<ref>{{cite book |title=Armies of the Balkan Wars 1912–13: The priming charge for the Great War |url=https://archive.org/details/armiesbalkanwars00jowe|url-access=limited |series=Men-at-Arms |volume=466 |first=Philip |last=Jowett |date=20 April 2011 |isbn=978-1-84908-418-5 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/armiesbalkanwars00jowe/page/n15 15], 24}}</ref>
* {{flag|North Korea}}{{sfn|Lapin|2007|p=129}}<ref>{{cite book |url=http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/dprk/nkor.pdf |title=North Korea Country Handbook |date=May 1997 |page=A-81 |publisher=[[Marine Corps Intelligence Activity]] |access-date=7 June 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111733/http://fas.org/nuke/guide/dprk/nkor.pdf |archive-date=4 March 2016}}</ref>
* {{flag|Poland}}<ref name="Mosin Variants"/>{{sfn|Lapin|2007|pp=130–132|p=}}
* {{flag|Kingdom of Romania}}: Used at the end of World War I.<ref>{{cite book |last=Ball |first=Robert W. D. |title=Mauser Military Rifles of the World |year=2011 |location=Iola, Wisconsin |publisher=Gun Digest Books |isbn=978-1-44022-892-6 |page=304}}</ref> Captured from Soviets during World War II, also received as aid after joining the allies<ref>{{Cite web |title=Part I: Romanian World War II: Small Arms: Pusti Si Pistolul Mitraliera |via=Free Online Library |url=https://www.thefreelibrary.com/PART+I:+ROMANIAN+WORLD+WAR+II:+SMALL+ARMS:+PUSTI+SI+PISTOLUL...-a0598128492 |access-date=2022-12-19 }}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Romania|1965}} [[Socialist Republic of Romania]]<ref name="Mosin Variants"/>{{Sfn|Lapin|2007|pp=132–133|p=}}
* {{flag|Russian Empire}}<ref name="Mosin Variants"/>
* {{flag|Kingdom of Serbia}}<ref name="Rifles"/>{{sfn|Lapin|2007|p=100}}
* {{flagicon|Spain|1931}} [[Second Spanish Republic|Spain]]: Sent from Mexico and the Soviet Union.{{sfn|Harriman|2016|pp=38–40|p=}}
* {{flag|Soviet Union}}<ref name="Mosin Variants"/>
* {{flag|Turkey}}: Used between 1914 and the 1940s. It saw action in [[World War I]] (captured rifles) and the [[Turkish War of Independence|War of Independence]] (Soviet-supplied rifles).{{sfn|Lapin|2007|pp=134–135|p=}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/Turk-Mosins.asp |title=Mosin–Mausers And The Nation of Turkey |first=Terence |last=Lapin |website=Mosin-Nagant.net |access-date=10 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101219091620/http://mosinnagant.net/global%20mosin%20nagants/Turk-Mosins.asp |archive-date=19 December 2010}}</ref>
* {{flag|United Kingdom}}: Used during the [[Siberian intervention]].<ref name="Captured rifles"/>
* {{flag|United States}}: Produced by [[Remington Arms]] and [[New England Westinghouse Company]] under contract as the 3 line rifle, Model of 1916, initially for Imperial Russian forces. Following the fall of the Tsar, the remaining rifles armed the [[National Guard (United States)|National Guard]], [[Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps|JROTC]], and [[Reserve Officers' Training Corps|SATC]], as well as American soldiers during the [[North Russia intervention]] to prevent rifles from falling into Bolshevik hands.{{sfn|Harriman|2016|pp=33–37|p=}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.russian-mosin-nagant.com/global.html |title=Global Use of the Mosin Nagant Rifle |website=Russian Mosin-Nagant.com |access-date=10 September 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223020017/http://www.russian-mosin-nagant.com/global.html |archive-date=23 February 2010}}</ref>
* {{flag|Vietnam}}: Formerly used by the [[Việt Minh]],<ref>{{cite book |title=French Foreign Légionnaire vs Viet Minh Insurgent: North Vietnam 1948–52 |series=Combat |volume=36 |first=Martin |last=Windrow |date=20 September 2018 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |isbn=978-1-47282-891-0 |pages=24, 42}}</ref> the [[Viet Cong]],<ref name="Ezell">{{cite book |title=Personal Firepower |first=Edward Clinton |last=Ezell |publisher=Bantam Books |year=1988 |series=The Illustrated History of the Vietnam War |volume=15 |oclc=1036801376 |url=https://archive.org/details/personalfirepowe00ezel|url-access=limited|pages=[https://archive.org/details/personalfirepowe00ezel/page/18 18], 135 |isbn=9780553345490}}</ref> and the [[People's Army of Vietnam|North Vietnamese Army]].{{sfn|Harriman|2016|p=72}}<ref name="MR"/> The M44/Type-53 carbines were known as ''K44'' or ''red stock'' rifles and a detachable grenade launcher, the ''AT-44'', was designed.<ref name="NVA">{{cite book |title=North Vietnamese Army Soldier 1958–75 |series=Warrior |volume=135 |first=Gordon L. |last=Rottman |date=10 February 2009 |publisher=[[Osprey Publishing]] |isbn=9781846033711 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iC21CwAAQBAJ |pages=28–29}}</ref> The North Vietnamese Army also used the M1891/30 modified as a sniper rifle.<ref name="Ezell"/>
* {{flag|Yugoslavia}}<ref name="Variations"/>
{{div col end}}