Editing Monopoly (section)

=== Origin ===
The term "monopoly" first appears in [[Aristotle]]'s [[Politics (Aristotle)|''Politics'']]. Aristotle describes [[Thales of Miletus]]'s cornering of the market in [[Olive oil extraction|olive presses]] as a monopoly (''μονοπώλιον'').<ref>{{cite book | title = Politics | author = Aristotle | edition = 350 B.C.E | url = http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/politics.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | url = https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0057&layout=&loc=1.1259a | page = 1252α | author = Aristotle | title = Politics}}</ref> Another early reference to the concept of "monopoly" in a commercial sense appears in [[Demai (Talmud)|tractate Demai]] of the [[Mishna]] (2nd century CE), regarding the purchasing of agricultural goods from a dealer who has a monopoly on the produce (chapter 5; 4).<ref name=Soncino>{{cite book |last1=Segal |first1=M.H.|editor1-first=I. |editor1-last=Epstein |editor1-link=Isadore Epstein |title=The Talmud|volume= Zeraim vol. II |year=1948 |publisher=The Soncino Press |location=London |isbn= 9789562913447 |pages=69|quote=Rabbi Judah agrees that if a man bought from a monopolist, he must tithe every heap.|chapter=Demai: Translated into English with Notes }}</ref> The meaning and understanding of the English word 'monopoly' has changed over the years.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Richardson | first = Gary | date = June 2001 | url = http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1007&context=gary_richardson | title = A Tale of Two Theories: Monopolies and Craft Guilds in Medieval England and Modern Imagination | journal = Journal of the History of Economic Thought | volume = 23 | issue = 2 | pages = 217–242 | doi = 10.1080/10427710120049237 | s2cid = 13298305 | access-date = 5 June 2013 | archive-date = 3 January 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140103155017/http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1007&context=gary_richardson | url-status = dead }}</ref>