Editing Lists of Canadians (section)

==Medical==
* [[Evan Adams]] (born 1966) – First Nations medical doctor, medical advisor, Deputy Provincial Health Advisor (BC), and actor
* [[Maria Louisa Angwin]] (1849–1898) – first woman licensed to practice medicine in Nova Scotia
* [[Elizabeth Bagshaw]] <small>[[Order of Canada|CM]]</small> (1881–1982) – physician and birth control activist
* [[Frederick Banting]] <small>[[Order of the British Empire|KBE]] [[Military Cross|MC]] [[Doctor of Laws|LLD]] (''[[Honorary degree|hc]]'') [[Doctor of Science|ScD]] (''[[Honorary degree|hc]]'') [[Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada|FRSC]]</small> (1891–1941) – [[Nobel laureate]], co-discoverer of [[insulin]]
* [[John Cameron Bell]] (born 1953) – pioneer of [[oncolytic virus]] therapies for cancer
* [[Norman Bethune]] (1890–1939) – surgeon, inventor, socialist, battlefield doctor in Spain and China
* [[Wilfred Bigelow]] <small>[[Order of Canada|OC]] [[Doctor of Laws|LLD]] (''[[Honorary degree|hc]]'') [[Royal Society of Canada|FRSC]]</small> (1913–2005) – inventor of the first artificial pacemaker
*[[Yvette Bonny]] (born 1938) – pediatrician
* [[Basil Boulton]] (1938–2008) – pediatrician and child health advocate
* [[John Callaghan (physician)|John Callaghan]] <small>[[Order of Canada|OC]] [[Alberta Order of Excellence|AOE]]</small> (1923–2004) – pioneer of open-heart surgery
* [[John Dick (scientist)|John Dick]] <small>[[Royal Society of Canada|FRSC]]</small> (born 1954) – credited with discovery of [[cancer stem cell]]
* [[Tommy Douglas]] <small>[[Queen's Privy Council for Canada|PC]] [[Order of Canada|CC]] [[Saskatchewan Order of Merit|SOM]] [[Doctor of Laws|LLD]] (''[[Honorary degree|hc]]'')</small> (1904–1986) – introduced [[publicly funded health care]] in Canada; commonly known as the "[[father of Medicare]]"
* [[Carl Goresky]] <small>[[Order of Canada|OC]]</small> (1932–1996) – physician and scientist
* [[David H. Hubel]] (1926–2013) – Nobel Prize winner in medicine for mapping the visual cortex
* [[Harold E. Johns]] <small>[[Order of Canada|OC]]</small> (1915–1998) – medical physicist, noted for his extensive contributions to the use of ionizing radiation to treat cancer
* [[Doreen Kimura]] (1933–2013) – behavioural psychologist, world expert on sex differences in the brain
* [[William Harding le Riche]] (1916–2010) – epidemiologist
* [[Jeanne Mance]] (1606–1673) – established the first hospital in [[North America]] – the [[Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal]] – in 1644
* [[Ernest McCulloch]] <small>[[Order of Canada|CM]] [[Order of Ontario|OOnt]] [[Royal Society of Canada|FRSC]] [[Royal Society|FRS]]</small> (1926–2011) – cellular biologist credited with the discovery of [[stem cell]] with [[James Till]]
* [[Frances Gertrude McGill]] (1882–1959) – pioneering [[forensic pathologist]] and criminologist
* [[Henry Morgentaler]] <small>[[Order of Canada|CM]] [[Doctor of Laws|LLD]] (''[[Honorary degree|hc]]'')</small> (1923–2013) – [[abortion]] care provider who helped legalize abortion in Canada and strengthen the power of [[jury nullification]]
* [[William Osler]] <small>[[Baronet|Bt]]</small> (1849–1919) – physician, called the "father of modern medicine"; wrote ''Principles and Practice of Medicine''
* [[Daniel David Palmer]] (1845–1913) – founded the chiropractic profession
* [[Edgar Randolph Parker]] (1871–1951) (known as "Painless" Parker) – flamboyant dentist
* [[Wilder Penfield]] <small>[[Order of Merit|OM]] [[Order of Canada|CC]] [[Order of St. Michael and St. George|CMG]] [[Royal Society|FRS]]</small> (1891–1976) – neurosurgeon, discovered electrical stimulation of the brain
* [[Jack Pickup]] (1919–1996) – general practitioner and surgeon, also known as the "Flying Doctor of British Columbia"
* [[Octavia Ritchie]] (1868–1948) – physician, suffragist and the first woman to receive a medical degree in Québec
* [[David Sackett]] <small> [[Order of Canada|CC]] [[Royal Society of Canada|FRSC]] </small> (1934–2015) – founded the first department of [[clinical epidemiology]] in Canada at [[McMaster University]]
* [[Mary Elizabeth MacCallum Scott]] (1865–1941) – physician and missionary in Ceylon
* [[Sydney Segal]] {{Post-nominals|country=CAN|CM|OBC}} (1920–1997) – pediatrician and neonatologist particularly known for his work with [[sudden infant death syndrome]]
* [[James Till]] <small>[[Order of Canada|OC]] [[Order of Ontario|OOnt]] [[Royal Society of Canada|FRSC]] [[Royal Society|FRS]]</small> (born 1931) – biophysicist, credited for the discovery of [[stem cell]] with [[Ernest McCulloch]]
* [[A. Ross Tilley]] (1904–1988) <small> MD FRCS(C) [[Order of the British Empire|OBE]] [[Order of Canada|OC]]</small> – plastic surgeon
* [[Irene Ayako Uchida]] <small>[[Order of Canada|OC]]</small> (1917–2013) – cytogenticist, [[Down Syndrome]] researcher
* [[Amelia Yeomans]] (1842–1913) – physician and suffragist, first female physician in [[Manitoba]]