Editing Kansas (section)

==Demographics==
=== Population ===
[[File:Kansas population density 2020.png|thumb|Population density map of Kansas in 2020.]]
The [[United States Census Bureau]] estimates that the population of Kansas was 2,913,314 on July 1, 2019, a 2.11% increase since the [[2010 United States census]] and an increase of 58,387, or 2.05%, since 2010.<ref name="PopEstUS">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/ks,US/PST045218|title=QuickFacts Kansas; UNITED STATES|website=2018 Population Estimates|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division|date=March 3, 2019|access-date=March 3, 2019|archive-date=January 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190115182139/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/ks,US/PST045218|url-status=live}}</ref> This includes a natural increase since the last census of 93,899 (246,484 births minus 152,585 deaths) and a decrease due to net migration of 20,742 people out of the state. [[Immigration to the United States|Immigration]] from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 44,847 people, and migration within the country produced a net loss of 65,589 people.<ref name="2006StateEstComp">{{Citation|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/states/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040916023530/http://www.census.gov/popest/states/|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 16, 2004 |contribution=Cumulative Estimates of the Components of Population Change for the United States, Regions and States: April 1, 2000, to July 1, 2006 |title=Population Estimates|quote=Kansas population has increased at a decreasing rate, reducing the number of congressmen from 5{{nbsp}}to{{nbsp}}4 in 1992 (Congressional Redistricting Act, eff. 1992).|id=NST-EST2006-04|place=US|publisher=Census Bureau, Population Division|date=December 22, 2006}}</ref> At the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], its population was 2,937,880.

In 2018, The top countries of origin for Kansas's immigrants were [[Mexico]], [[India]], [[Vietnam]], [[Guatemala]] and [[China]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/immigrants_in_kansas.pdf|title=Immigrants in Kansas|access-date=August 18, 2023|archive-date=March 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329225756/https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/sites/default/files/research/immigrants_in_kansas.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

The population density of Kansas is 52.9 people per square mile.<ref>{{cite book |title=The New York Times 2008 almanac |url-access=registration |editor-first=John W. |editor-last=Wright |year=2007 |url=https://archive.org/details/newyorktimesalma00john_2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/newyorktimesalma00john_2/page/178 178] |location=New York |publisher=Penguin |isbn=9780143112334}}</ref> The [[center of population]] of Kansas is located in [[Chase County, Kansas|Chase County]], at {{Coord |38|27|N|96|32|W|region:US-KS_type:landmark}}, approximately {{convert|3|mi|km}} north of the community of [[Strong City, Kansas|Strong City]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Population and Population Centers by State |year=2000 |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt |access-date=December 5, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223204810/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt |archive-date=February 23, 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

The focus on labor-efficient grain-based agriculture—such as a large wheat farm that requires only one or a few people with large [[farm machinery|machinery]] to operate, rather than a [[Vegetable farming|vegetable farm]] that requires many people—is causing the [[Depopulation of the Great Plains|de-population of rural areas]] across Kansas.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://newfoodeconomy.org/rural-kansas-depopulation-commodity-agriculture/|title=Rural Kansas is dying. I drove 1,800 miles to find out why|last=Brown|first=Corie|date=April 26, 2018|work=New Food Economy|access-date=May 16, 2018|archive-date=May 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517152705/https://newfoodeconomy.org/rural-kansas-depopulation-commodity-agriculture/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

According to [[United States Department of Housing and Urban Development|HUD]]'s 2022 [[Annual Homeless Assessment Report to Congress|Annual Homeless Assessment Report]], there were an estimated 2,397 [[Homelessness|homeless]] people in Kansas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2007–2022 PIT Counts by State |url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huduser.gov%2Fportal%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fxls%2F2007-2022-PIT-Counts-by-State.xlsx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK |access-date=March 11, 2023 |archive-date=March 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314020239/https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huduser.gov%2Fportal%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fxls%2F2007-2022-PIT-Counts-by-State.xlsx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The 2022 Annual Homelessness Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress |url=https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/2022-AHAR-Part-1.pdf |access-date=March 11, 2023 |archive-date=March 11, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230311234217/https://www.huduser.gov/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/2022-AHAR-Part-1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{US Census population
| 1860 = 107206
| 1870 = 364399
| 1880 = 996096
| 1890 = 1428108
| 1900 = 1470495
| 1910 = 1690949
| 1920 = 1769257
| 1930 = 1880999
| 1940 = 1801028
| 1950 = 1905299
| 1960 = 2178611
| 1970 = 2246578
| 1980 = 2363679
| 1990 = 2477574
| 2000 = 2688418
| 2010 = 2853118
| 2020 = 2937880
| estyear = 2024
| estimate = 2970606
| estref = <ref name="USCensusEst2024">{{Cite web |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2024 |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-counties-total.html |access-date=December 26, 2024 |publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref>
| align-fn = center
| footnote = 1910–2020<ref>{{cite web |title=Historical Population Change Data (1910–2020) |url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html |website=Census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=May 1, 2021 |archive-date=April 29, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210429012609/https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/dec/popchange-data-text.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
}}

===Race and ethnicity===
[[File:Ethnic Origins in Kansas.png|thumb|upright=1.35|Ethnic origins in Kansas.]]
According to the 2021 United States census estimates, the racial makeup of the population was:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/KS/PST045221|title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Kansas|publisher=Census.gov|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220517070548/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/KS/PST045221#qf-headnote-b|archive-date=May 17, 2022 |accessdate=February 15, 2022}}</ref> [[White American|White American, non-Hispanic]] (74.7%), [[Hispanic]] or [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Latino]] (12.7%), Black or African American (6.2%), Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander (0.1%), two or more races (3.3%), [[Asian people|Asian]] (3.2%), and American Indian and Alaska Native (1.2%). At the 2020 census, its racial and ethnic makeup was 75.6% White, 5.7% African American, 2.9% Asian American, 1.1% Native American, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 4.9% some other race, and 9.5% two or more races.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size: 90%;"
|+ Kansas ethnic breakdown of population
|-
! Racial composition
! 1990<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html |title=Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States |date=July 25, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725044857/http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0056/twps0056.html |archive-date=July 25, 2008}}</ref>
! 2000<ref>{{cite web |last1=Kansas Statistical Abstract |title=Population in Kansas and the U.S., by Race/ Page 7 |url=http://www.ipsr.ku.edu/ksdata/ksah/population/population.pdf |website=ipsr.ku.edu |access-date=September 5, 2018 |archive-date=September 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905214724/http://www.ipsr.ku.edu/ksdata/ksah/population/population.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
! 2010<ref>{{cite web |title=Decennial Census by Decade |url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.2010.html |publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]] |access-date=April 12, 2020 |archive-date=May 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522200920/https://census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.2010.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
!2020<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html|title=Race and Ethnicity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census|date=August 12, 2021|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=August 12, 2021|archive-date=August 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815165418/https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[White American|White]] || 90.1% || 86.1% || 83.8% || 75.6%
|-
| [[African American|Black]] || 5.8% || 5.8% || 5.9% || 5.7%
|-
| [[Asian American|Asian]] || 1.3% || 1.7% || 2.4% || 2.9%
|-
| [[Native Americans in the United States|Native]] || 0.9% || 0.9% || 1.0% || 1.1%
|-
| [[Native Hawaiian]] and<br />[[Pacific Islander|other Pacific Islander]] || – || – || 0.1% || 0.1%
|-
| [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Other race]] || 2.0% || 3.4% || 3.9% || 4.9%
|-
| [[Multiracial American|Two or more races]] || – || 2.1% || 3.0% || 9.5%
|}
[[File:Kansas counties by race.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|Map of counties in Kansas by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census.{{Collapsible list
| title = Legend|{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}

'''Non-Hispanic White'''
{{legend|#e6b8af|30–40%}}

{{legend|#cc4125|50–60%}}

{{legend|#a61c00|60–70%}}

{{legend|#85200c|70–80%}}

{{legend|#5b0f00|80–90%}}

{{legend|#410b00|90%+}}

{{col-2}}

'''Hispanic or Latino'''

{{legend|#76a5af|50–60%}}

{{legend|#45818e|60–70%}}
{{col-end}}|
}}]]
As of 2004, the population included 149,800 foreign-born (5.5% of the state population). The ten largest reported ancestry groups, which account for nearly 90% of the population, in the state are: [[German American|German]] (33.75%), [[Irish American|Irish]] (14.4%), [[English American|English]] (14.1%), [[American ancestry|American]] (7.5%), [[French American|French]] (4.4%), [[Scottish American|Scottish]] (4.2%), [[Dutch American|Dutch]] (2.5%), [[Swedish American|Swedish]] (2.4%), [[Italian American|Italian]] (1.8%), and [[Polish American|Polish]] (1.5%).<ref>{{cite web |publisher = American Community Survey Office |url = https://www.census.gov/acs/www/Products/Profiles/Single/2003/ACS/Tabular/040/04000US202.htm |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20040910164533/http://www.census.gov/acs/www/Products/Profiles/Single/2003/ACS/Tabular/040/04000US202.htm |url-status = dead |archive-date = September 10, 2004 |title = Kansas—Social demographics |year = 2006 |access-date = July 31, 2010}}</ref> Kansas is also home to a large Czech community.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/czechs-in-kansas/17887|title=Czechs in Kansas - Kansapedia|access-date=September 13, 2023|archive-date=September 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929020554/https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/czechs-in-kansas/17887|url-status=live}}</ref>

Mexicans are present in the southwest and make up nearly half the population in certain counties. Many African Americans in Kansas are descended from the [[Exodusters]], newly freed blacks who fled the South for land in Kansas following the Civil War.<ref>Painter, Nell Irvin. Exodusters: Black Migration to Kansas After Reconstruction. United States, W. W. Norton, 1992. p.146</ref>

There is a growing Asian community in Kansas. Since 1965, more and more Asian families have moved to Kansas from countries such as the Philippines, China, Korea, India, and Vietnam.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/asian-americans-in-kansas/17046|title=Asian Americans in Kansas - Kansapedia|access-date=September 13, 2023|archive-date=September 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929020554/https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/asian-americans-in-kansas/17046|url-status=live}}</ref>

;Birth data
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable collapsible collapsed" style="text-align:left;"
|+ style="font-size:90%" | {{no wrap|Live births by single race/ethnicity of mother}}
|-
! [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Race]]
! 2013<ref name="auto5"/>
! 2014<ref name="auto4"/>
! 2015<ref name="auto2"/>
! 2016<ref name="auto6"/>
! 2017<ref name="auto"/>
! 2018<ref name="cdc_gov" />
! 2019<ref name="auto3"/>
! 2020<ref name="auto1"/>
! 2021<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr72/nvsr72-01.pdf |title=Data |website=www.cdc.gov |access-date=2022-02-03 |archive-date=February 1, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201003942/https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr72/nvsr72-01.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
! 2022<ref name="auto7"/>
! 2023<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr74/nvsr74-1.pdf |title=Data |website=www.cdc.gov |access-date=2025-04-11 |archive-date= |archive-url=|url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Non-Hispanic whites|White]]
| 28,281 (72.8%)
| 28,504 (72.7%)
| 28,236 (72.1%)
| 26,935 (70.8%)
| 25,594 (70.1%)
| 25,323 (69.8%)
| 24,549 (69.4%)
| 23,663 (68.8%)
| 24,056 (69.3%)
| 23,669 (68.8%)
| 23,088 (67.8%)
|-
| [[African Americans|Black]]
| 2,967 (7.6%)
| 3,097 (7.9%)
| 3,090 (7.9%)
| 2,543 (6.7%)
| 2,657 (7.3%)
| 2,575 (7.1%)
| 2,458 (6.9%)
| 2,412 (7.0%)
| 2,316 (6.7%)
| 2,208 (6.4%)
| 2,211 (6.5%)
|-
| [[Asian Americans|Asian]]
| 1,401 (3.6%)
| 1,359 (3.5%)
| 1,483 (3.8%)
| 1,299 (3.4%)
| 1,255 (3.4%)
| 1,228 (3.4%)
| 1,216 (3.4%)
| 1,146 (3.3%)
| 1,031 (3.0%)
| 1,055 (3.1%)
| 1,028 (3.0%)
|-
| [[Native Americans in the United States|American Indian]]
| 293 (0.7%)
| 347 (0.9%)
| 330 (0.8%)
| 173 (0.5%)
| 248 (0.7%)
| 217 (0.6%)
| 214 (0.6%)
| 162 (0.5%)
| 183 (0.5%)
| 163 (0.5%)
| 142 (0.4%)
|-
| ''[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic]]'' (any race)
| ''6,143'' (15.8%)
| ''6,132'' (15.6%)
| ''6,300'' (16.1%)
| ''6,298'' (16.5%)
| ''5,963'' (16.3%)
| ''5,977'' (16.5%)
| ''6,071'' (17.2%)
| ''5,970'' (17.4%)
| ''6,122'' (17.6%)
| ''6,309'' (18.3%)
| ''6,576'' (19.3%)
|-
| '''Total'''
| '''38,839''' (100%)
| '''39,223''' (100%)
| '''39,154''' (100%)
| '''38,053''' (100%)
| '''36,519''' (100%)
| '''36,261''' (100%)
| '''35,395''' (100%)
| '''34,376''' (100%)
| '''34,705''' (100%)
| '''34,401''' (100%)
| '''34,065''' (100%)
|}

As of 2011, 35.0% of Kansas's population younger than one year of age belonged to minority groups (i.e., did not have two parents of non-Hispanic white ancestry).<ref>{{cite news |url = http://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/index.ssf/2012/06/americas_under_age_1_populatio.html |title = Americans under age 1 now mostly minorities, but not in Ohio: Statistical Snapshot |last = Exner |first = Rich |date = June 3, 2012 |work = [[The Plain Dealer]] |url-status = live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160714084214/http://www.cleveland.com/datacentral/index.ssf/2012/06/americas_under_age_1_populatio.html |archive-date = July 14, 2016}}</ref>

===Language===
English is the most-spoken language in Kansas, with 91.3% of the population speaking only English at home as of the year 2000. 5.5% speak Spanish, 0.7% speak German, and 0.4% speak Vietnamese.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.city-data.com/states/Kansas-Languages.html |title=Languages—Kansas |publisher=City-data.com |access-date=September 4, 2019 |archive-date=October 26, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161026170937/http://www.city-data.com/states/Kansas-Languages.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Religion===
{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Religion in Kansas (2022), per PRRI
| label1 = [[Christianity in the United States|Christianity]]
| value1 = 74
| color1 = Purple
| label2 = [[irreligion in the United States|Irreligion]]
| value2 = 23
| color2 = White
| label3 = [[Unitarian Universalism]]
| value3 = 1
| color3 = Red
| label4 = [[New Age]]
| value4 = 1
| color4 = Green
}}
[[File:Richard Cordley 1903.jpg|thumb|left|Rev. [[Richard Cordley]], the first graduate of the [[University of Kansas]], and nicknamed "The Abolition Preacher", due to his strong views against slavery, and his influence on Kansas's founding as a free state.]]
[[File:Charles M Sheldon.jpg|thumb|upright|Reverend [[Charles Sheldon]], Topeka resident and coiner of the phrase "[[What would Jesus do?]]".]]The 2014 Pew Religious Landscape Survey showed the religious makeup of adults in Kansas was as follows:<ref name="PEW">[[Pew Research Center]], [http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/kansas/ Religious Landscape Study: Religious composition of adults in Kansas] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518000525/http://www.pewforum.org/religious-landscape-study/state/kansas/ |date=May 18, 2015 }} (2014).</ref> 57% Protestant, 18% Catholic, 1% Mormon, 1% Jehovah's Witness, 20% unaffiliated, 1% Buddhist, and 2% other religions. In 2022, the [[Public Religion Research Institute]] (PRRI)'s study revealed 74% of the total population were Christian; among them, 59% were Protestant, 13% Catholic, and 2% Mormon. The religiously unaffiliated were 23% of the population, Unitarian Universalists 1%, and New Agers 1%.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PRRI – American Values Atlas |url=https://ava.prri.org/#religious/2022/States/religion/m/US-KS |access-date=2023-04-15 |website=ava.prri.org |archive-date=April 4, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170404161714/https://ava.prri.org/#religious/2022/States/religion/m/US-KS |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Kansas's capital Topeka is sometimes cited as the home of [[Pentecostalism]] as it was the site of [[Charles Fox Parham]]'s [[Bethel Bible College]], where [[glossolalia]] was first claimed as the evidence of a spiritual experience referred to as the [[baptism of the Holy Spirit]] in 1901. It is also the home of Reverend [[Charles Sheldon]], author of ''[[In His Steps]]'', and was the site where the question "[[What would Jesus do?]]" originated in a sermon of Sheldon's at Central Congregational Church.

Kansas is the location of the second [[Baháʼí Faith]] community west of Egypt, when the Baháʼí community of [[Enterprise, KS]] was started in 1897. From that beginning the Baháʼí Faith spread across Kansas.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Herrmann |first1=Duane L |title=Early Baha'is of Enterprise |date=1997 |publisher=Buffalo Press |location=Topeka |isbn=1-879448-11-4}}</ref>

[[File:WichitaCathedralExterior.jpg|thumb|The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Wichita.]]
Topeka is also home of the [[Westboro Baptist Church]], a [[hate group]] according to the [[Southern Poverty Law Center]].<ref>{{cite web|accessdate=May 2, 2021|title=Westboro Baptist protests at Atlanta HBCU graduation ceremonies|url=https://www.11alive.com/article/news/politics/westboro-baptist-protests-at-atlanta-hbcu-graduation-ceremonies/85-d0901f2c-8a27-4a2b-916c-ce5ce9455155|website=11Alive.com|date=May 19, 2019|archive-date=May 10, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220510002223/https://www.11alive.com/article/news/politics/westboro-baptist-protests-at-atlanta-hbcu-graduation-ceremonies/85-d0901f2c-8a27-4a2b-916c-ce5ce9455155|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|accessdate=May 2, 2021|title=Anti-LGBTQ hate groups on the rise in U.S., report warns|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/anti-lgbtq-hate-groups-rise-u-s-report-warns-n1171956|website=NBC News|date=March 30, 2020|archive-date=May 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210511213933/https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/anti-lgbtq-hate-groups-rise-u-s-report-warns-n1171956|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/intelligence-files/groups/westboro-baptist-church |title = Westboro Baptist Church |website = Southern Poverty Law Center |url-status = live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110306095813/http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/intelligence-files/groups/westboro-baptist-church |archive-date = March 6, 2011}}</ref> The church has garnered worldwide media attention for picketing the funerals of U.S. servicemen and women for what church members claim as "necessary to combat the fight for equality for gays and lesbians". They have sometimes successfully raised lawsuits against the city of Topeka.

=== Largest immigrant groups ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+
!#
!Country
!Population [https://stacker.com/kansas/biggest-sources-immigrants-kansas]
|-
|1
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|81,933
|-
|2
|{{Flag|India}}
|13,526
|-
|3
|{{Flag|Vietnam}}
|11,119
|-
|4
|{{Flag|China}}
|8,223
|-
|5
|{{Flag|Guatemala}}
|6,271
|-
|6
|{{Flag|Philippines}}
|5,005
|-
|7
|{{Flag|South Korea}}
|4,108
|-
|8
|{{Flag|El Salvador}}
|3,919
|-
|9
|{{Flag|Laos}}
|3,447
|-
|10
|{{Flag|Germany}}
|3,326
|}