Editing Jewish views on marriage (section)

== Same-sex marriage ==
{{main|Same-sex marriage and Judaism}}
{{See also|Homosexuality and Judaism}}

=== In Orthodox Judaism ===
[[File:Homophobic protestors-02. Haifa 2010.jpg|thumb|right|[[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jewish]] protesters holding anti-LGBT signs during the Gay Pride parade in [[Haifa]], Israel (2010)]]
Orthodox Judaism does not have a [[Same-sex marriage and Judaism|Jewish legal construct of same-gender marriage]]. While any two Jewish adults may be joined by a Jewish legal contract, the rites of {{transliteration|he|kiddushin}} are reserved for a union of a man and woman.

=== In Conservative Judaism ===
In June 2012, the American branch of [[Conservative Judaism]] formally approved same-sex marriage ceremonies in a 13–0 vote with one abstention.<ref name="Press 2015">{{cite web | agency=Associated Press | title=Conservative Jews approve gay wedding guidelines | website=Fox News | date=2015-03-25 | url=https://www.foxnews.com/us/conservative-jews-approve-gay-wedding-guidelines | access-date=2020-11-10}}</ref>

=== In Reform Judaism ===
In 1996, the [[Central Conference of American Rabbis]] passed a resolution approving same-sex civil marriage. However, this same resolution made a distinction between civil marriages and religious marriages; this resolution thus stated:

{{blockquote|However we may understand homosexuality, whether as an illness, as a genetically based dysfunction or as a sexual preference and lifestyle – we cannot accommodate the relationship of two homosexuals as a "marriage" within the context of Judaism, for none of the elements of {{transliteration|he|qiddushin}} (sanctification) normally associated with marriage can be invoked for this relationship.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mljewish.org/S.C.J/faq/18-03-08.html|title=MLjewish.org|access-date=2013-04-19|archive-date=2022-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124160434/https://mljewish.org/S.C.J/faq/18-03-08.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The Central Conference of American Rabbis support the right of gay and lesbian couples to share fully and equally in the rights of civil marriage, and

That the CCAR oppose governmental efforts to ban gay and lesbian marriage.

That this is a matter of civil law, and is separate from the question of rabbinic officiation at such marriages.{{attribution needed|date=August 2022}}}}

In 1998, an ad hoc CCAR committee on human sexuality issued its majority report (11 to 1, 1 abstention) which stated that the holiness within a Jewish marriage "may be present in committed same gender relationships between two Jews and that these relationships can serve as the foundation of stable Jewish families, thus adding strength to the Jewish community." The report called for CCAR to support rabbis in officiating at same-sex marriages. Also in 1998, the Responsa Committee of the CCAR issued a lengthy {{transliteration|he|teshuvah}} (rabbinical opinion)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ccarnet.org/cgi-bin/respdisp.pl?file=8&year=5756|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041217072309/http://www.ccarnet.org/cgi-bin/respdisp.pl?file=8&year=5756|url-status=dead|title=CCARnet.org|archive-date=December 17, 2004}}</ref> that offered detailed argumentation in support of both sides of the question whether a rabbi may officiate at a commitment ceremony for a same-sex couple.

In March 2000, CCAR issued a new resolution stating that "We do hereby resolve that the relationship of a Jewish, same gender couple is worthy of affirmation through appropriate Jewish ritual, and further resolve, that we recognize the diversity of opinions within our ranks on this issue. We support the decision of those who choose to officiate at rituals of union for same-sex couples, and we support the decision of those who do not."

=== In Reconstructionist Judaism ===
The [[Reconstructionist Rabbinical Association]] (RRA) encourages its members to officiate at same-sex marriages, though it does not require it of them.