Editing Jakarta (section)

==Government and politics==
{{Main|Governor of Jakarta}}
[[File:Balaikota DKI Jakarta.jpg|thumb|[[Jakarta City Hall]]]]
Jakarta is administratively equal to a [[Provinces of Indonesia|province]] with special status. The executive branch is headed by an elected [[Governor of Jakarta|governor]] and a [[Vice Governor of Jakarta|vice governor]], while the [[Jakarta Regional People's Representative Council]] ({{langx|id|Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta}}, DPRD DKI Jakarta) is the legislative branch with 106 directly elected members. The [[Jakarta City Hall]] at the south of [[Merdeka Square, Jakarta|Merdeka Square]] houses the office of the governor and the vice governor and serves as the main administrative office.

Executive governance consists of five administrative cities ({{langx|id|Kota Administrasi}}), each headed by a [[mayor]] (w''alikota)'' and one [[Regencies of Indonesia|administrative regency]] ({{langx|id|Kabupaten Administrasi}}) headed by a [[regent]] (''bupati''). Unlike other cities and regencies in Indonesia where the mayor or regent is directly elected, Jakarta's mayors and regents are chosen by the governor. Each city and regency is divided into administrative districts.

Aside from representatives to the provincial parliament, Jakarta sends 21 delegates to the [[People's Representative Council|national lower house parliament]]. The representatives are elected from Jakarta's three national electoral districts, which also include overseas voters.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ini 21 Caleg DPR yang Terpilih dari DKI Jakarta |url=https://news.detik.com/berita/2582777/ini-21-caleg-dpr-yang-terpilih-dari-dki-jakarta |access-date=14 August 2018 |website=detik.com |date=14 May 2014 |language=id |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814103209/https://news.detik.com/berita/2582777/ini-21-caleg-dpr-yang-terpilih-dari-dki-jakarta |archive-date=14 August 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> It also sends 4 delegates, just like other provinces, to the [[Regional Representative Council|national upper house parliament]].

The Jakarta Smart City (JSC) program was launched on 14 December 2014 with the goal of smart governance, smart people, smart mobility, smart economy, smart living, and a smart environment in the city using the web and various smartphone-based apps.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2019/01/14/four-years-on-ahoks-smart-city-legacy-lives-on.html |title=Four years on, Ahok's 'Smart City' legacy lives on |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=14 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190114153327/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2019/01/14/four-years-on-ahoks-smart-city-legacy-lives-on.html |archive-date=14 January 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Public safety===
[[File:Polda Metro Jaya dari Simpang Susun Semanggi (2024).jpg|thumb|170px|The Headquarters of [[Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Regional Police|Polda Metro Jaya]]]]
The [[Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Regional Police]] ({{langx|id|Polda Metro Jaya}}) is the police force that is responsible for maintaining law, security, and order for the [[Jakarta metropolitan area]]. It is led by a two-star police general ([[Inspector General of Police#Indonesia|Inspector General of Police]]) with the title of "Greater Jakarta Regional Police Chief" ({{langx|id|Kepala Kepolisian Daerah Metro Jaya}}, abbreviated {{lang|id|Kapolda Metro Jaya}}). Its office is located at Jl. Jenderal Sudirman Kav. 55, Senayan, Kebayoran Baru, South Jakarta, and their hotline emergency number is 110.

The [[Kodam Jaya|Jayakarta Military Regional Command]] ({{langx|id|Komando Daerah Militer Jayakarta}}, abbreviated {{lang|id|Kodam Jaya}}) is the territorial army of the [[Indonesian Army]], which serves as a defence component for Jakarta and its surrounding areas ([[Greater Jakarta]]). It is led by an army [[Major General]] with the title of "Jakarta Military Regional Commander" ({{langx|id|Panglima Daerah Militer Kodam Jaya}}, abbreviated {{lang|id|Pangdam Jaya}}). The Jakarta Military Command is located at [[East Jakarta]] and oversees several military battalions ready to defend the capital city and its vital installations. It also assists the Jakarta Metropolitan Police during certain tasks, such as supporting security during [[state visit]]s, [[VVIP]] security, and [[riot control]].

===Municipal finances===
The Jakarta provincial government relies on transfers from the central government for the bulk of its income. Local (non-central government) sources of revenue are incomes from various taxes such as vehicle ownership and vehicle transfer fees, among others.<ref>'Taxpayer money for the city', ''The Jakarta Post'', 16 July 2011.</ref> The ability of the regional government to respond to Jakarta's many problems is constrained by limited finances.

The provincial government consistently runs a surplus of between 15 and 20% of planned spending, primarily because of delays in procurement and other inefficiencies.<ref>{{cite news |last=Dewi |first=Sita W. |date=9 December 2013 |title=Jokowi spends less, provides more than Foke, say observers |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/12/09/jokowi-spends-less-provides-more-foke-say-observers.html |access-date=19 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233100/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/12/09/jokowi-spends-less-provides-more-foke-say-observers.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Regular under-spending is a matter of public comment.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/01/29/editorial-regional-budgets-underspent.html |title=Editorial: Regional budgets underspent |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=8 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161010174954/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/01/29/editorial-regional-budgets-underspent.html |archive-date=10 October 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2013, the budget was around Rp 50&nbsp;trillion ($US5.2&nbsp;billion), equivalent to around $US380 per citizen. Spending priorities were on education, transport, flood control, environment, and social spending (such as health and housing).<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dewi |first=Sita W. |date=29 January 2013 |title=Council approves city budget for 2013, higher than proposed |work=The Jakarta Post |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/01/29/council-approves-city-budget-2013-higher-proposed.html |access-date=28 October 2021 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028233059/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/01/29/council-approves-city-budget-2013-higher-proposed.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Jakarta's regional budget (APBD) was Rp 77.1&nbsp;trillion ($US5.92&nbsp;billion), Rp 83.2&nbsp;trillion ($US6.2&nbsp;billion), and Rp 89&nbsp;trillion ($US6.35&nbsp;billion) for the year of 2017, 2018 and 2019 respectively.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/11/28/2019-draft-city-budget-to-be-set-at-rp-89-trillion.html |title=2019 draft city budget to be set at Rp 89 trillion |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=17 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817150214/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2018/11/28/2019-draft-city-budget-to-be-set-at-rp-89-trillion.html |archive-date=17 August 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://en.tempo.co/read/1236195/jakarta-proposes-rp95-trillion-regional-budget-plan-for-2020? |title=Jakarta Proposes Rp95 Trillion Regional Budget Plan for 2020 |newspaper=Tempo |access-date=17 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190815081524/https://en.tempo.co/read/1236195/jakarta-proposes-rp95-trillion-regional-budget-plan-for-2020 |archive-date=15 August 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2017/05/13/jakarta-revised-budget-estimated-at-rp-72-trillion.html |title=Jakarta revised budget estimated at Rp 72 trillion |newspaper=The Jakarta Post |access-date=17 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817153243/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2017/05/13/jakarta-revised-budget-estimated-at-rp-72-trillion.html |archive-date=17 August 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Administrative divisions===
[[File:Special Capital Region of Jakarta.png|thumb|Map of the administrative cities ({{lang|id|Kota administratif}}) in Jakarta province; the Thousand Islands Regency (which is to the north) is shown in the inset to the lower left. Each administrative city is further divided into [[Districts of Indonesia|districts]] (''[[Kecamatan]]'')]]
Jakarta consists of five ''Kota Administratif'' (Administrative cities/municipalities), each headed by a mayor, and one ''Kabupaten Administratif'' ([[Regencies of Indonesia|Administrative regency]]). Each city and regency is divided into districts (''kecamatan''). The administrative cities/municipalities of Jakarta are:
* [[Central Jakarta]] ({{lang|id|Jakarta Pusat}}) is Jakarta's smallest city and administrative and political centre. It is divided into eight districts. It is charactesised by large parks and Dutch colonial buildings. Landmarks include the National Monument ([[Monas]]), [[Istiqlal Mosque, Jakarta|Istiqlal Mosque]], [[Jakarta Cathedral]] and museums.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jakpus/default.asp |title=Central Jakarta Profile |work=The City Jakarta Administration |publisher=Jakarta.go.id |access-date=19 December 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090911220356/http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jakpus/default.asp |archive-date=11 September 2009}}</ref>
* [[West Jakarta]] ({{lang|id|Jakarta Barat}}) has the city's highest concentration of small-scale industries. It has eight districts. The area includes Jakarta's Chinatown and Dutch colonial landmarks such as the Chinese Langgam building and [[Toko Merah]]. It contains part of [[Jakarta Old Town]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jakbar/default.asp |title=West Jakarta Profile |work=The City Jakarta Administration |publisher=Jakarta.go.id |access-date=24 February 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090911220346/http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jakbar/default.asp |archive-date=11 September 2009}}</ref>
* [[South Jakarta]] ({{lang|id|Jakarta Selatan}}), originally planned as a satellite city, is now the location of upscale shopping centres and affluent residential areas. It has ten districts and functions as Jakarta's [[groundwater]] buffer,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jaksel/ |title=South Jakarta Profile |work=The City Jakarta Administration |publisher=Jakarta.go.id |access-date=19 December 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090705203755/http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jaksel/ |archive-date=5 July 2009}}</ref> but recently the green belt areas are threatened by new developments. Much of the [[central business district]] is concentrated all area in Kebayoran Baru, Setiabudi, a small part in Tebet, Pancoran, Mampang Prapatan, and bordering the Tanah Abang/Sudirman area of Central Jakarta. The area is known as the [[Golden Triangle of Jakarta|Jakarta Golden Triangle]].
* [[East Jakarta]] ({{lang|id|Jakarta Timur}}) territory is characterised by several industrial sectors.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jaktim/default.asp |title=East Jakarta Profile |work=The City Jakarta Administration |publisher=Jakarta.go.id |access-date=19 December 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091014184630/http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jaktim/default.asp |archive-date=14 October 2009}}</ref> Also located in East Jakarta are [[Taman Mini Indonesia Indah]] and [[Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport]]. This city has ten districts.
* [[North Jakarta]] ({{lang|id|Jakarta Utara}}) is bounded by the [[Java Sea]]. It is the location of [[Port of Tanjung Priok]]. Large- and medium-scale industries are concentrated there. It contains part of [[Jakarta Old Town]], which was the centre of [[Dutch East India Company|VOC]] trade activity during the colonial era. Also located in North Jakarta is [[Ancol Dreamland]] ({{lang|id|Taman Impian Jaya Ancol}}), the largest integrated tourism area in Southeast Asia.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jakut/default.asp |title=North Jakarta Profile |work=The City Jakarta Administration |publisher=Jakarta.go.id |access-date=19 December 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090913084331/http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/jakut/default.asp |archive-date=13 September 2009}}</ref> North Jakarta is divided into six districts.

The only administrative regency ({{lang|id|kabupaten}}) of Jakarta is the [[Thousand Islands (Indonesia)|Thousand Islands]] ({{lang|id|Kepulauan Seribu}}), formerly a [[Districts of Indonesia|district]] within North Jakarta. It is a collection of 105 small islands located on the Java Sea. It is of high conservation value because of its unique ecosystems. Marine tourism, such as diving, water bicycling, and windsurfing, are the primary tourist activities in this territory. The main mode of transportation between the islands is speed boats or small ferries.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/kepseribu |title="Thousand Island" Profile |work=The City Jakarta Administration |publisher=Jakarta.go.id |access-date=19 December 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090616124511/http://www.jakarta.go.id/en/pemerintahan/kotamadya/kepseribu/ |archive-date=16 June 2009}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ Jakarta's cities/municipalities ({{lang|id|Kota Administratif}})
! Name of <br />City or<br />Regency
!width="70"|Area <br />in<br />km<sup>2</sup>
! style="width:100px;"|Pop'n <br />2010 <br />census<ref>Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.</ref>
! style="width:100px;"|Pop'n <br />2020 <br />census<ref>Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.</ref>
! style="width:100px;"|Pop'n <br />mid 2023<br />estimate<ref name="Badan Pusat Statistik 2024">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, ''Kota Subussalam Dalam Angka 2024'' (Katalog-BPS 1102001.1175)</ref>
! style="width:100px;"|Pop'n <br />density<br />(per km<sup>2</sup>)<br />in mid 2023
![[Human Development Index|HDI]]<br /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/26/413/1/-metode-baru-indeks-pembangunan-manusia.html |title=Human Development Indices by Province, 2020–2021 (New Method) |language=id |access-date=3 July 2022 |archive-date=27 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127193437/https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/26/413/1/-metode-baru-indeks-pembangunan-manusia.html |url-status=live }}</ref> 2021 estimates
|- style="text-align:right;"
! [[South Jakarta]]
|144.942||2,062,232||2,226,812||2,235,606||15,424
||0.849 ({{fontcolor|green|Very High}})
|- style="text-align:right;"
! [[East Jakarta]]
|185.538||2,693,896||3,037,139||3,079,618||16,598
||0.829 ({{fontcolor|green|Very High}})
|- style="text-align:right;"
! [[Central Jakarta]]
|47.565||902,973||1,056,896||1,049,314||22,061
||0.815 ({{fontcolor|green|Very High}})
|- style="text-align:right;"
! [[West Jakarta]]
|124.970||2,281,945||2,434,511||2,470,054||19,765
||0.817 ({{fontcolor|green|Very High}})
|- style="text-align:right;"
! [[North Jakarta]]
|147.212||1,645,659||1,778,981||1,808,985||12,288
||0.805 ({{fontcolor|green|Very High}})
|- style="text-align:right;"
! [[Thousand Islands (Indonesia)|Thousand Islands]]
|10.725||21,082||27,749||28,523||2,659
||0.721 ({{fontcolor|green|High}})
|}

The province comprises three of Indonesia's 84 national electoral districts to elect members to the [[Indonesian Parliament|People's Representative Council]]. The '''Jakarta I Electoral District''' consists of the administrative city of East Jakarta, and elects 6 members to the People's Representative Council.  The '''Jakarta II Electoral District''' consists of the administrative cities of Central Jakarta and South Jskarta, together with all overseas voters, and elects 7 members to the People's Representative Council. The '''Jakarta III Electoral District''' consists of the administrative cities of North Jakarta and West Jakarta, together with the Thousand Islands Regency, and elects 8 members to the People's Representative Council.<ref>Law No. 7/2017 (''UU No. 7 Tahun 2017'') as amended by Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1/2022 and
Regulation of General Elections Commission No. 6/2023.</ref>