Editing Hybrid (biology) (section)

==== Birds ====
{{see also|Bird hybrid}}

Hybridization between species is common in birds. Hybrid birds are purposefully bred by humans, but hybridization is also common in the wild. [[Waterfowl]] have a particularly high incidence of hybridization, with at least 60% of species known to produce hybrids with another species.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ottenburghs |first1=Jente |last2=van Hooft |first2=Pim |last3=van Wieren |first3=Sipke E. |last4=Ydenberg |first4=Ronald C. |last5=Prins |first5=Herbert H.T. |title=Hybridization in geese: a review |journal=Frontiers in Zoology |date=2016 |volume=13 |issue=20|page=20 |doi=10.1186/s12983-016-0153-1 |doi-access=free |pmid=27182276 |pmc=4866292 }}</ref> Among [[ducks]], [[Anas platyrhynchos|mallards]] widely hybridize with many other species, and the genetic relationships between ducks are further complicated by the widespread gene flow between wild and domestic mallards.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Lavretsky |first1=Philip |last2=Jansen |first2=Thijs |last3=McCracken |first3=Kevin G. |title=Identifying hybrids & the genomics of hybridization: Mallards & American black ducks of Eastern North America |journal=Ecology and Evolution |date=2019 |volume=9 |issue=6|pages=3470–3490 |doi=10.1002/ece3.4981 |pmid=30962906 |pmc=6434578 |bibcode=2019EcoEv...9.3470L }}</ref>

One of the most common interspecific hybrids in [[geese]] occurs between Greylag and Canada geese ([[Anser anser]] x [[Branta canadensis]]). One potential mechanism for the occurrence of hybrids in these geese is interspecific [[nest parasitism]], where an egg is laid in the nest of another species to be raised by non-biological parents. The chick imprints upon and eventually seeks a mate among the species that raised it, instead of the species of its biological parents.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Ottenburghs |first1=Jente |last2=van Hooft |first2=Pim |last3=van Wieren |first3=Sipke E. |last4=Ydenberg |first4=Ronald C. |last5=Prins |first5=Herbert H.T. |title=Hybridization in geese: a review |journal=Frontiers in Zoology |date=2016 |volume=13 |issue=20|page=20 |doi=10.1186/s12983-016-0153-1 |doi-access=free |pmid=27182276 |pmc=4866292 }}</ref> 

Cagebird breeders sometimes breed bird hybrids known as [[Mule (bird)|mules]] between species of [[finch]], such as [[Carduelis|goldfinch]] × [[Domestic canary|canary]].<ref>{{cite web |title=British Mule/Hybrid |url= http://www.foreign-britishbirds.info/page12.html |publisher=Severn Counties Foreign & British Bird Society |access-date=19 March 2017 |archive-date=5 May 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170505094012/http://www.foreign-britishbirds.info/page12.html |url-status=live}}</ref>