Editing History of Italy (section)

===End of the Roman question===
[[File:Group of Vatican and Italian government notables posing at the Lateran Palace before the signing of the treaty.jpg|thumb|Vatican and Italian delegations prior to signing the [[Lateran Treaty]]]]

During the [[Italian unification|unification of Italy]] in the mid-19th century, the [[Papal States]] resisted incorporation into the new nation. The nascent Kingdom of Italy invaded and occupied [[Romagna]] (the eastern portion of the Papal States) in 1860, leaving only [[Lazio|Latium]] in the pope's domains. Latium, including Rome itself, was [[Capture of Rome|occupied]] and annexed in 1870. For the following sixty years, relations between the Papacy and the Italian government were hostile, and the status of the pope became known as the "[[Roman Question]]".

The [[Lateran Treaty]] was one component of the Lateran Pacts of 1929, agreements between the Kingdom of Italy under King [[Victor Emmanuel III of Italy]] and the [[Holy See]] under [[Pope Pius XI]] to settle the question. The treaty and associated pacts were signed on 11 February 1929.<ref name="SignDate">{{Cite web |date=11 February 2020 |title=Vatican City turns 91 |url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/vatican-city/news/2020-02/vatican-city-lateran-treaty-holy-see-pope.html |access-date=2 September 2021 |website=Vatican News |quote=The world’s smallest sovereign state was born on 11 February 1929, with the signing of the Lateran Treaty between the Holy See and the Kingdom of Italy}}</ref> The treaty recognized [[Vatican City]] as an [[independent state]] under the sovereignty of the Holy See. The Italian government also agreed to give the Roman [[Catholic Church]] financial compensation for the loss of the [[Papal States]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/sourcesofwestern0000unse |title=A History of Western Society |date=2010 |publisher=Bedford/St. Martin's |edition=Tenth |page=900 |url-access=registration}}</ref> In 1948, the Lateran Treaty was recognized in the [[Constitution of Italy]] as regulating the relations between the state and the Catholic Church.<ref name="constitution7">[[s:Constitution of Italy|Constitution of Italy, article 7]].</ref> The treaty was significantly revised in 1984, ending the status of Catholicism as the sole state religion.