Editing Hamburg (section)

===Music===
[[File:Hamburg-Elbphilharmonie.jpg|thumb|The {{convert|110|m|ft|0|abbr=off|adj=mid|-high}} Elbphilharmonie concert hall]]
[[Hamburg State Opera]] is a leading opera company. Its orchestra is the [[Philharmoniker Hamburg]]. The city's other major orchestra is the [[NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchestra]]. The main concert venue is the new concert hall [[Elbphilharmonie]]. Before it was the [[Laeiszhalle]], ''Musikhalle Hamburg''. The Laeiszhalle also houses a third orchestra, the [[Hamburger Symphoniker]]. [[György Ligeti]] and [[Alfred Schnittke]] taught at the [[Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Transcript of the John Tusa Interview with Gyorgy Ligeti |author=<!--Not stated--> |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio3/johntusainterview/ligeti_transcript.shtml |year=1999 |publisher=BBC |access-date=24 September 2008 |archive-date=20 July 2012 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120720230923/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio3/johntusainterview/ligeti_transcript.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Alfred Schnittke |author=<!--Not stated--> |url=http://www.boosey.com/pages/cr/composer/composer_main.asp?composerid=2731&ttype=BIOGRAPHY&ttitle=Biography/ |publisher=[[Boosey & Hawkes]] |access-date=24 September 2008}}</ref>

Hamburg is the birthplace of [[Johannes Brahms]], who spent his formative early years in the city, and the birthplace and home of waltz composer [[Oscar Fetrás]], who wrote the "Mondnacht auf der Alster" waltz.

Since the German premiere of ''[[Cats (musical)|Cats]]'' in 1986, there have always been musicals running, including ''[[The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)|The Phantom of the Opera]]'', ''[[The Lion King (musical)|The Lion King]]'', ''[[Dirty Dancing#Stage adaptation|Dirty Dancing]]'', and ''[[Dance of the Vampires (musical)]]''. This density, the highest in Germany, is partly due to the major musical production company ''[[Stage Entertainment]]'' being based in the city.

In addition to musicals, opera houses, concert halls, and theatres, the cityscape is characterised by a large music scene. This includes, among other things, over 100 music venues, several annual festivals and over 50 event organisers based in Hamburg.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://clubkombinat.de/presse/|title=Presse- und Öffentlichkeitsarbeit|date=10 May 2021 |accessdate=27 June 2023}}</ref> Larger venues include the [[Barclaycard Arena (Hamburg)|Barclaycard Arena]], the [[Trabrennbahn Bahrenfeld|Bahrenfeld harness racing track]], and [[Hamburg Stadtpark|Hamburg City Park]].

Hamburg was an important centre of rock music in the early 1960s. [[The Beatles]] lived and played in Hamburg from August 1960 to December 1962. They proved popular and gained local acclaim. Prior to the group's initial recording and widespread fame, Hamburg provided residency and performing venues for the band during the time they performed there. One of the venues they performed at was the [[Star-Club|Star Club]] on St. Pauli.

Pop musicians from Hamburg include [[Udo Lindenberg]], [[Deichkind]], and [[Jan Delay]]. The singer [[Annett Louisan]] lives in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Annett Louisan Annett Louisan {{!}} Home |url=https://www.annettlouisan.de/ |access-date=2024-07-07 |website=www.annettlouisan.de |language=de}}</ref>

An important meeting place for Hamburg musicians from the 1970s to the mid-80s was the jazz pub [[Onkel Pö]], which was originally founded in the Pöseldorf neighbourhood and later moved to Eppendorf. Many musicians who were counted as part of the "{{ill|Hamburg scene|de|Hamburger_Szene|vertical-align=sup}}" met here. In addition to Udo Lindenberg, these included [[Otto Waalkes]], Hans Scheibner and groups such as [[Torfrock]] and [[Frumpy]]. One of the members of the band Frumpy was the Hamburg-born singer and composer [[Inga Rumpf]].

Hamburg is the origin of the "[[Hamburger Schule]]", a term used for alternative music bands like [[Tocotronic]], [[Blumfeld]], [[Tomte (band)|Tomte]] or Kante. The meeting point of the Hamburg School was long considered to be the {{ill|Golden Pudel Club|de|Golden_Pudel_Club|vertical-align=sup}} in Altona's old town, near the Fischmarkt. Alongside clubs such as the Pal, the Moondoo or the Waagenbau, today the Pudel is a central location of the Hamburg electro scene. Artists of this scene include the DJ duo [[Moonbootica]], Mladen Solomun, and [[Helena Hauff]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Elektronische Musik – Vom Kult am Mischpult|url=https://www.hamburg-tourism.de/das-ist-hamburg/musikmetropole/musik-live-in-hamburg/elektronische-musik/|website=Hamburg Tourismus}}</ref>

Hamburg is also home to many music labels, music distributors and publishers. These include [[Warner Music Group|Warner Music]], [[Kontor Records]], [[PIAS Recordings|PIAS]], [[Edel SE & Co. KGaA]], Believe Digital, and Indigo. The high proportion of independent labels in the city, which include [[Audiolith Records|Audiolith]], Dial Records, [[Grand Hotel van Cleef]], among others, is striking. Before its closure, the label [[L'Age D'Or (record label)|L'Âge d'or]] also belonged to these.

In addition, Hamburg has a considerable [[alternative rock|alternative]] and [[punk rock|punk]] scene, which gathers around the [[Rote Flora]], a [[squatting|squatted]] former theatre located in the [[Sternschanze]].

The city was a major centre for [[heavy metal music]] in the 1980s. [[Helloween]], [[Gamma Ray (band)|Gamma Ray]], [[Running Wild (band)|Running Wild]], and [[Grave Digger (band)|Grave Digger]] started in Hamburg.<ref>{{Citation|last=Rivadavia|first=Eduardo|title=allmusic (((Helloween> Biography )))|url={{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p4471|pure_url=yes}}|publisher=allmusic|access-date=24 September 2008}}</ref> The [[industrial rock]] band [[KMFDM]] was also formed in Hamburg, initially as a performance art project. The influences of these and other bands from the area helped establish the subgenre of [[power metal]].

In the late 1990s, Hamburg was considered one of the strongholds of the German hip-hop scene. Bands like [[Beginner (band)|Beginner]] shaped the city's hip-hop style and made it a serious location for the hip-hop scene through songs like "Hamburg City Blues". In addition to Beginner, German hip-hop acts from Hamburg include [[Fünf Sterne deluxe|Fünf Sterne Deluxe]], [[Samy Deluxe]], [[Fettes Brot]], and [[187 Strassenbande]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://marketing.hamburg.de/hamburg-die-pulsierende-hip-hop-metropole.html|title=Hamburg – die pulsierende Hip-Hop Metropole – Hamburg Marketing|website=marketing.hamburg.de}}</ref>

Hamburg has a vibrant psychedelic trance community, with record labels such as [[Spirit Zone Records|Spirit Zone]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Spirit Zone Recordings |author=<!--Not stated--> |url=http://www.discogs.com/label/Spirit+Zone+Recordings |publisher=discogs.com |access-date=24 September 2008}}</ref>