Editing Galileo (satellite navigation) (section)

=== Galileo satellite test beds: GIOVE ===
{{Main|GIOVE}}

[[File:Giovea.jpg|thumb|[[GIOVE#GIOVE-A|GIOVE-A]] was successfully launched 28 December 2005.]]

In 2004, the Galileo System Test Bed Version 1 (GSTB-V1) project validated the on-ground algorithms for Orbit Determination and Time Synchronisation (OD&amp;TS). This project, led by ESA and [[European Satellite Navigation Industries]], has provided industry with fundamental knowledge to develop the mission segment of the Galileo positioning system.<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 December 2004 |title=Galileo System Test Bed Version 1 experimentation is now complete |url=http://www.esa.int/esaNA/SEM6KYP3K3E_index_0.html |access-date=7 January 2005 |website=ESA News release}}</ref>

* [[GIOVE|GIOVE-A]] is the first GIOVE ([[GIOVE|Galileo In-Orbit Validation Element]]) test satellite. It was built by [[Surrey Satellite Technology|Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd]] (SSTL), and successfully launched on 28 December 2005 by the European Space Agency and the Galileo Joint Undertaking (GJU). Operation of GIOVE-A ensured that Galileo meets the frequency-filing allocation and reservation requirements for the [[International Telecommunication Union]] (ITU), a process that was required to be complete by June 2006.
* [[GIOVE|GIOVE-B]], built by [[Astrium]] and [[Thales Alenia Space]], has a more advanced payload than GIOVE-A. It was successfully launched on 27 April 2008 at 22:16 [[UTC]] aboard a [[Soyuz-FG]]/[[Fregat]] rocket provided by [[Starsem]].

A third satellite, [[GIOVE|GIOVE-A2]], was originally planned to be built by [[Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd|SSTL]] for launch in the second half of 2008.<ref>{{Cite web |title=GIOVE-A2 to secure the Galileo programme |url=http://www.esa.int/esaCP/SEM8LNN0LYE_index_0.html |access-date=5 March 2007 |website=ESA News release}}</ref> Construction of [[GIOVE|GIOVE-A2]] was terminated due to the successful launch and in-orbit operation of [[GIOVE|GIOVE-B]].

The [[GIOVE Mission]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 January 2006 |title=GIOVE mission core infrastructure |url=http://www.esa.int/esaNA/SEMWL4N0LYE_index_0.html |access-date=26 February 2007 |website=ESA press release}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=One year of Galileo signals; new website opens |url=http://www.esa.int/esaNA/SEMUGJRMTWE_galileo_0.html |access-date=12 January 2007 |website=ESA press release}}</ref> segment operated by [[European Satellite Navigation Industries]] used the [[GIOVE|GIOVE-A/B]] satellites to provide experimental results based on real data to be used for risk mitigation for the IOV satellites that followed on from the testbeds. [[European Space Agency|ESA]] organised the global network of ground stations to collect the measurements of [[GIOVE|GIOVE-A/B]] with the use of the GETR receivers for further systematic study. GETR receivers are supplied by [[Septentrio]] as well as the first Galileo navigation receivers to be used to test the functioning of the system at further stages of its deployment. Signal analysis of [[GIOVE|GIOVE-A/B]] data confirmed successful operation of all the Galileo signals with the tracking performance as expected.