Editing Dushanbe (section)

=== Architecture ===
Before the Soviet invasion, Dushanbe consisted of narrow streets with [[adobe]] buildings.<ref name="Dushanbe Encyc-2004e">{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/65068362|title=Dushanbe : ėnt︠s︡iklopedii︠a︡|date=2004|publisher=Glavnai︠a︡ nauchnai︠a︡ redakt︠s︡ii︠a︡ Tadzhikskoĭ nat︠s︡ionalʹnoĭ ėnt︠s︡iklopedii|others=Dinorshoev, Muso.|isbn=5-89870-071-4|location=Dushanbe|chapter=Buildings|oclc=65068362|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101028115236/http://dushanbe.tj/img/ENS.doc|archive-date=28 October 2010}}</ref> None of the buildings from that time survived.<ref name=robert>{{cite news |last1=Robert |first1=Judith |title=Redeveloping Dushanbe |url=https://mailchi.mp/meduza.io/redeveloping-dushanbe?e=263588e574 |work=The Beet |date=December 2023}}</ref> The development of the 1920s, soon after the Soviet invasion, laid the groundwork for future development and established the beginning of the city. In the 1930s, [[constructivist architecture]] gained prominence along with the building of larger structures, often made out of concrete.<ref name="Mehrotra-2008" /><ref name="Tilloev-2007">{{Cite book|url=https://static.freereferats.ru/_avtoreferats/01003368308.pdf|title=ИСТОРИЯ СТАНОВЛЕНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ АРХИТЕКТУРЫ ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫХ ЗДАНИЙ ДУШАНБЕ (1924 началдх2000 гг.)|pages=14–16}}</ref> Several architects played a major role in the city's construction in a group headed by [[Peter Vaulin]]. He drew up a piece of legislation called "On the construction of the city of Dushanbe" which the city adopted on 27 April 1927. He implemented a constructivist design in the city, possibly inspired by his meeting with [[Le Corbusier]] in Moscow in 1929.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Первый архитектор Душанбе. Кто спроектировал главную улицу таджикской столицы {{!}} Новости Таджикистана ASIA-Plus|url=https://asiaplustj.info/ru/news/tajikistan/society/20200107/pervii-arhitektor-dushanbe-kto-sproektiroval-glavnuyu-ulitsu-tadzhikskoi-stolitsi|access-date=2020-08-01|website=asiaplustj.info}}</ref>

In 1934 and 1935, the Griprogor Institute, based in [[Leningrad]], created a master plan for the construction of Dushanbe. It was approved on 3 March 1938. The city center during the reconstruction shifted to Red Square and Frunze Park, the location of many workers demonstrations and military parades into the forties. In the later half of the decade, much of the modern infrastructure and utilities for the city were created. In the 1940s, architecture was focused more on decoration and the [[Neoclassical architecture|neoclassical style]].<ref name="Tilloev-2007" /><ref name="Mehrotra-2008" />

1955 heralded in a new era of architecture with the publication of "On the elimination of excesses in the design," which eventually ended the neoclassical period and integrated the city architecture into modernist, minimalistic Soviet trends.<ref name="Tilloev-2007" /> In 1966, a new master plan for the city was created due to the city's rapid growth.<ref name="Mehrotra-2008" /> [[File:Биноҳои Душанбе 23.jpg|thumb|Modern high-rise architecture in Dushanbe]] The first [[skyscraper]] in Dushanbe, the Hotel Dushanbe, was erected in 1964.<ref name="Abdullaev-2018b" /> [[High-rise building]]s were developed in the mid-70s against the wishes of the Tajik Institute of [[Earthquake engineering|Earthquake Engineering]] and [[Seismology]], which viewed such developments as dangerous in an [[earthquake]] which they predicted would occur in the near future.<ref name="Rusu-2016" /><ref name="Davidzon-1983d"/>

In the 1980s, more technically complex and creative designs were built by a new generation of architects along with more attention on ecological issues.<ref name="Tilloev-2007" /> In the late 1990s, more 9-12 story concrete houses were built and private companies grew to 75% of the housing market.<ref name="Dushanbe Encyc-2004e" /> Minimalist influences continued to be felt from the 60s up to the 90s.<ref name="Mehrotra-2008" />

In the 21st century, new construction projects such as tall skyscrapers, a new parliament building, and the national museum were or are being built. However, the new architectural styles of the modern day resulted in the demolition of many historical, Soviet-era buildings in the center of the city, such as the Central Post Office and the Mayakovsky Theatre, with the exception of a small list of 15 historically significant buildings.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dushanbe|first=Esfandiar Adineh in|date=2017-10-19|title=Demolishing Dushanbe: how the former city of Stalinabad is erasing its Soviet past|url=http://www.theguardian.com/cities/2017/oct/19/demolishing-dushanbe-former-stalinabad-erasing-soviet-past|access-date=2020-09-19|website=the Guardian}}</ref><ref name="Hughes-2017" /><ref name=robert/> The central city mainly consists of wide boulevards and Russian-style buildings today,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Humphrey|first=Caroline|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/815668567|title=Post-Cosmopolitan Cities : Explorations of Urban Coexistence.|date=2012|publisher=Berghahn Books|others=Vera Skvirskaja|isbn=978-0-85745-511-6|location=New York, NY|chapter=‘For Badakhshan – the Country without Borders!’: Village Cosmopolitans, Urban-Rural Networks and the Post-Cosmopolitan City in Tajikistan|oclc=815668567}}</ref> while suburban areas are comparatively underdeveloped.<ref name="Hughes-2017" />