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=== Loop system cross-reference table ===<!-- See also Category:Programming language comparisons. --> {| class="wikitable" |- ! rowspan=2 |[[Programming language]] ! colspan=3 | conditional ! colspan=4 | loop ! rowspan=2 | early exit ! rowspan=2 | loop continuation ! rowspan=2 | redo ! rowspan=2 | retry ! colspan=2 | correctness facilities |- ! begin ! middle ! end ! count ! collection ! general ! infinite {{ref_label|loop_infinite|1|a}} ! variant ! invariant |- | [[Ada (programming language)|Ada]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{partial|arrays}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{no}} | | | | |- | [[APL (programming language)|APL]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|deep_break_c|3|a}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | | |- | [[C (programming language)|C]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|loop_for|2|a}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|deep_break_c|3|a}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|deep_break_c|3|a}} | {{no}} | | | |- | [[C++]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|loop_for|2|b}} | {{yes}} {{ref_label|loop_foreach|9|a}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|deep_break_c|3|b}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|deep_break_c|3|a}} | {{no}} | | | |- | [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|loop_for|2|c}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|deep_break_c|3|c}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|deep_break_c|3|a}} | | | | |- | [[COBOL]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|cobol_deep_exit|15|a}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|cobol_deep_exit|14|a}} | {{no}} | | | |- | [[Common Lisp]] | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{partial|builtin only}} {{ref_label|cl_sequence_type|16|a}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{no}} | | | | |- | [[D (programming language)|D]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}}{{ref_label|DInfinite|14|a}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{no}} | | | |- | [[Eiffel (programming language)|Eiffel]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} {{ref_label|count_loop_eiffel|10|a}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{partial|one level}} {{ref_label|count_loop_eiffel|10|a}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|retry_in_eiffel|11|a}} | {{partial|integer only}} {{ref_label|integer_variant|13|a}} | {{yes}} |- | [[F Sharp (programming language)|F#]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|deep_break_e|6|b}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | | | |- | [[FORTRAN 77]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{partial|one level}} | {{yes }} | {{no}} | {{no}} | | |- | [[Fortran 90]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | | |- | [[Fortran 95]] and later | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{partial|arrays}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | | |- | [[Go (programming language)|Go]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{partial|builtin only}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{no}} | | | |- | [[Haskell]] | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|deep_break_e|6|a}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | | | |- | [[Java (programming language)|Java]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|loop_for|2|d}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{no}} | |{{yes|non-native}} {{ref_label|requires_JML|12|a}} |{{yes|non-native}} {{ref_label|requires_JML|12|a}} |- | [[JavaScript]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|loop_for|2|g}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{no}} | | |- | Natural | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | |- | [[OCaml]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes|arrays,lists}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|deep_break_e|6|b}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | | | |- | [[PHP]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|loop_for|2|e}} {{ref_label|loop_for|5|b}} | {{yes}} {{ref_label|loop_phpforeach|4|a}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{no}} | | | |- | [[Perl]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|loop_for|2|f}} {{ref_label|loop_for|5|c}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{yes|deep nested}} | {{yes}} | | | |- | [[Python (programming language)|Python]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|loop_range|5|a}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|deep_break_e|6|c}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|deep_break_e|6|c}} | {{no}} | | | |- | [[Rebol]] | {{no}} {{ref_label|while|7|a}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|user|8|a}} | {{yes}} | {{partial|one level}} {{ref_label|deep_break_e|6|d}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | | | |- | [[Ruby (programming language)|Ruby]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|deep_break_e|6|e}} | {{partial|deep nested}} {{ref_label|deep_break_e|6|e}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | | |- | [[Standard ML]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{yes|arrays,lists}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|deep_break_e|6|b}} | {{no}} | {{no}} | | | |- | [[Visual Basic .NET]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{partial|one level per type of loop}} | {{partial|one level per type of loop}} | | | | |- | [[PowerShell]] | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} {{ref_label|loop_for|2|h}} | {{yes}} | {{yes}} | {{no}} | {{dunno}} | {{yes}} | | | | |} # {{note label|loop_infinite|1|a}} <code>while (true)</code> does not count as an infinite loop for this purpose, because it is not a dedicated language structure. # {{note label|loop for|2|a}}{{note_label|loop_for|2|b}}{{note_label|loop_for|2|c}}{{note_label|loop_for|2|d}}{{note_label|loop_for|2|e}}{{note_label|loop_for|2|f}}{{note_label|loop_for|2|g}}{{note_label|loop_for|2|h}} C's <code>for (''init''; ''test''; ''increment'')</code> loop is a general loop construct, not specifically a counting one, although it is often used for that. # {{note label|deep_break_c|3|a}}{{note label|deep_break_c|3|b}}{{note label|deep_break_c|3|c}} Deep breaks may be accomplished in APL, C, C++ and C# through the use of labels and gotos. # {{note label|loop_phpforeach|4|a}} Iteration over objects was [http://www.php.net/manual/en/language.oop5.iterations.php added] in PHP 5. # {{note label|loop_range|5|a}}{{note label|loop_range|5|b}}{{note label|loop_range|5|c}} A counting loop can be simulated by iterating over an incrementing list or generator, for instance, Python's <code>range()</code>. # {{note label|deep_break_e|6|a}}{{note label|deep_break_e|6|b}}{{note label|deep_break_e|6|c}}{{note label|deep_break_e|6|d}}{{note label|deep_break_e|6|e}} Deep breaks may be accomplished through the use of exception handling. # {{note_label|while|7|a}} There is no special construct, since the <code>while</code> function can be used for this. # {{note_label|user|8|a}} There is no special construct, but users can define general loop functions. # {{note_label|loop_foreach|9|a}} The [[C++11]] standard introduced the [[C++11#Range-based for loop|range-based for]]. In the [[Standard Template Library|STL]], there is a <code>std::for_each</code> [[template (programming)|template]] function which can iterate on STL [[Container (data structure)|containers]] and call a [[unary function]] for each element.<ref>[http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/for_each.html for_each]. Sgi.com. Retrieved on 2010-11-09.</ref> The functionality also can be constructed as [[C preprocessor#Macro definition and expansion|macro]] on these containers.<ref>[http://boost-sandbox.sourceforge.net/libs/foreach/doc/html/ Chapter 1. Boost.Foreach] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100129070613/http://boost-sandbox.sourceforge.net/libs/foreach/doc/html/ |date=2010-01-29}}. Boost-sandbox.sourceforge.net (2009-12-19). Retrieved on 2010-11-09.</ref> # {{note_label|count_loop_eiffel|10|a}} Count-controlled looping is effected by iteration across an integer interval; early exit by including an additional condition for exit. # {{note_label|retry_in_eiffel|11|a}} Eiffel supports a reserved word <code>retry</code>, however it is used in [[Exception handling#Exception handling based on design by contract|exception handling]], not loop control. # {{note_label|requires_JML|12|a}} Requires [[Java Modeling Language]] (JML) behavioral interface specification language. # {{note_label|integer_variant|13|a}} Requires loop variants to be integers; transfinite variants are not supported. [http://archive.eiffel.com/doc/faq/variant.html] # {{note_label|DInfinite|13|a}} D supports infinite collections, and the ability to iterate over those collections. This does not require any special construct. # {{note_label|cobol_deep_exit|14|a}} Deep breaks can be achieved using <code>GO TO</code> and procedures. # {{note_label|cl_sequence_type|14|a}} Common Lisp predates the concept of generic collection type.
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