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=== Turkey === [[File:First Turkish Paratroopers into the rocks in Kyrenia, Northern Cyprus. (20.07.1974, Peace Operation).jpg|thumb|upright|Turkish paratrooper commandos in [[Cyprus War]]]] In 1963, the [[1st Commando Brigade (Turkey)|1st Commando Brigade]] of [[Turkish Land Forces]] was officially established in [[Kayseri]], marking the formal beginning of Turkey’s modern commando forces. Initially structured to handle high-altitude and unconventional warfare, these units quickly gained prominence within the Turkish Armed Forces. By the 1970s, the commandos had already demonstrated their operational value, most notably during the [[1974 Cyprus War]], where they executed airborne and amphibious landings under combat conditions.<ref name="trcommando">{{cite book |last1=Gürcan |first1=Metin |title=Turkey's Military Operations: A Glimpse Into the Turkish Way of Warfare |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |isbn=978-3-030-58304-1}}</ref> Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, as the insurgency led by the [[PKK]] escalated, Turkish Army Commandos were heavily deployed in southeastern Turkey and northern Iraq. This period saw the expansion of commando units, including the formation of mountain and special operations brigades specifically trained for counter-terrorism, high-mobility engagements, and night operations in rugged terrain.<ref name="trcommando"/> In the 2000s and 2010s, Turkish commandos participated in several cross-border military campaigns, including [[Operation Sun]] (2008), and later, [[Operation Euphrates Shield]] (2016), [[Operation Olive Branch]] (2018), and [[Operation Peace Spring]] (2019) in Syria. These missions aimed to secure Turkey’s borders, eliminate terrorist threats, and establish safe zones. The role of the commandos in these operations often involved spearheading assaults, securing urban areas, and conducting joint missions with armored and air support units. Their adaptability, advanced training, and experience in asymmetric warfare have cemented their status as one of the most capable ground forces within the Turkish military structure.<ref name="trcommando"/>
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