Editing Cocaine (section)

==== Cocaine nose ====
[[File:Cocaine nose.jpg|thumb|200px|[[Nasal septum perforation]] caused by cocaine use (pictured)-sometimes referred to as a "cocaine nose hole"-can progress to [[cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions]].]]

"Cocaine nose" or "coke nose" are informal terms that refer to nasal problems resulting from cocaine use.

Problems associated with cocaine nose include:
* [[Cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions]] (CIMDL)<ref name="distribution" />
* [[Nasal septum perforation]]<ref name="pmid34360121" /> ("cocaine nose hole") can progress to CIMDL
* [[Saddle nose]]<ref name="Schreiber2014">{{cite journal | vauthors = Schreiber BE, Twigg S, Marais J, Keat AC | title = Saddle-nose deformities in the rheumatology clinic | journal = Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal | volume = 93 | issue = 4–5 | pages = E45–E47 | date = April–May 2014 | pmid = 24817241 | type = Review }}</ref>

=====Cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions=====
{{main|Cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions}}

[[Cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions]] (CIMDL), colloquially known as "coke nose",<ref name="distribution">{{cite journal | vauthors = Nitro L, Pipolo C, Fadda GL, Allevi F, Borgione M, Cavallo G, Felisati G, Saibene AM | title = Distribution of cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions: systematic review and classification | journal = European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology | volume = 279 | issue = 7 | pages = 3257–3267 | date = July 2022 | pmid = 35138441 | pmc = 9130192 | doi = 10.1007/s00405-022-07290-1 }}</ref> is the progressive destruction of nasal architecture with the erosion of the [[palate]], [[Nasal Concha|nasal conchae]], and [[ethmoid sinus]]es associated with prolonged [[Insufflation (medicine)|insufflation]], colloquially 'snorting', of cocaine.<ref name="pmid34360121">{{cite journal | vauthors = Di Cosola M, Ambrosino M, Limongelli L, Favia G, Santarelli A, Cortelazzi R, Lo Muzio L | title = Cocaine-Induced Midline Destructive Lesions (CIMDL): A Real Challenge in Diagnosis | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 18 | issue = 15 | pages = 7831 | date = July 2021 | pmid = 34360121 | pmc = 8345435 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph18157831 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

Chronic intranasal usage can degrade the [[cartilage]] separating the [[nostrils]] (the [[septum nasi]]), leading eventually to its complete disappearance. Due to the absorption of the cocaine from cocaine hydrochloride, the remaining hydrochloride forms a dilute [[hydrochloric acid]].<ref name="pagliaros">{{Cite book| vauthors = Pagliaro L, Pagliaro AM |title=Pagliaros' Comprehensive Guide to Drugs and Substances of Abuse|publisher=[[American Pharmacists Association]]|location=Washington, D.C.|year=2004|isbn=978-1-58212-066-9|url=https://archive.org/details/pagliaroscompreh0000pagl}}</ref>