Editing Cheetah (section)

==Interaction with humans==
===Taming===
[[File:War trophies Deir el Bahari Wellcome L0027402.jpg|thumb|alt=A hieroglyph depicting two leashed cheetahs|A [[hieroglyph]] from [[Deir el-Bahari]] depicting leashed cheetahs ("panthers")]]
[[File:Cheetahs nawab oudh1844.jpg|thumb|alt=Two cheetahs with saddles on their backs with attendants|Sketch of cheetahs belonging to the [[Nawab of Oudh]] with attendants (1844)]]
[[File:AkbarHunt.jpg|thumb|A painting of [[Akbar]], a Mughal emperor, hunting with cheetahs, ca. 1602]]
The cheetah shows little aggression toward humans, and can be tamed easily, as it has been since antiquity.<ref name=caro1994/> The earliest known depictions of the cheetah are from the [[Chauvet Cave]] in France, dating back to 32,000–26,000 BC.<ref name="marker2alt">{{cite book |last1=Pang |first1=B. |title=Cheetahs: Biology and Conservation |last2=Van Valkenburgh |first2=B. |last3=Kitchell |first3=K. F. Jr. |last4=Dickman |first4=A. |last5=Marker |first5=L. |date=2018 |publisher=Academic Press |isbn=978-0-12-804088-1 |editor1=Marker, L. |location=London |pages=17–24 |chapter=History of the cheetah-human relationship |editor2=Boast, L. K. |editor3=Schmidt-Kuentzel, A. |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H3rXDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA17 |name-list-style=amp |access-date=26 April 2024 |archive-date=5 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152826/https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=H3rXDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA17&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live}}</ref> According to historians such as Heinz Friederichs and [[w:de:Burchard Brentjes|Burchard Brentjes]], the cheetah was first tamed in [[Sumer]] and this gradually spread out to central and northern Africa, from where it reached India. The evidence for this is mainly pictorial; for instance, a Sumerian seal dating back to {{circa|3000 BC}}, featuring a long-legged leashed animal has fueled speculation that the cheetah was first tamed in Sumer. However, [[Thomas T. Allsen|Thomas Allsen]] argues that the depicted animal might be a large dog.<ref name="allsen">{{cite book |last1=Allsen |first1=T. T. |author-link1 = Thomas T. Allsen |title=The Royal Hunt in Eurasian history |date=2006 |publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania Press]] |location=Philadelphia |isbn=978-0-8122-3926-3 |chapter=Partners |chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=6V9MtZT6go0C&pg=PA52 |pages=52–81 |access-date = 20 December 2019 |archive-date = 28 March 2023 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230328015242/https://books.google.com/books?id=6V9MtZT6go0C&pg=PA52 |url-status = live}}</ref> Other historians, such as [[F. E. Zeuner|Frederick Zeuner]], have opined that ancient Egyptians were the first to tame the cheetah, from where it gradually spread into central Asia, Iran and India.<ref name="mair">{{cite book |editor-last = Mair |editor-first = V. H. |last=Allsen |first=T. T. |author-link = Thomas T. Allsen |chapter=Natural history and cultural history: the circulation of hunting leopards in Eurasia, seventh-seventeenth centuries |title=Contact and Exchange in the Ancient World |date=2006 |publisher=[[University of Hawai'i Press]] |location=Hawai'i |isbn=978-0-8248-2884-4 |pages=116–135 |oclc=62896389 |chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8-OilJCX1moC&pg=PA116 |access-date = 5 January 2020 |archive-date = 28 March 2023 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230328015242/https://books.google.com/books?id=8-OilJCX1moC&pg=PA116 |url-status = live}}</ref>

<!--In comparison, the theory of Egyptian origin has held stronger and possible timelines for the cheetah's taming have been proposed on its basis.<ref name=mair/> (My attempt at deciphering this follows)-->In comparison, theories of the cheetah's taming in Egypt are stronger and include timelines proposed on this basis.<ref name=mair/> [[Mafdet]], one of the ancient Egyptian deities worshiped during the [[First Dynasty of Egypt|First Dynasty]] (3100–2900{{nbsp}}BC), was sometimes depicted as a cheetah. Ancient Egyptians believed the spirits of deceased [[pharaoh]]s were taken away by cheetahs.<ref name=marker2alt/> Reliefs in the [[Deir el-Bahari]] temple complex tell of an expedition by Egyptians to the [[Land of Punt]] during the reign of [[Hatshepsut]] (1507–1458{{nbsp}}BC) that fetched, among other things, animals called "panthers". During the [[New Kingdom of Egypt|New Kingdom]] (16th to 11th centuries&nbsp;BC), cheetahs were common pets for royalty, who [[adornment|adorned]] them with ornate collars and leashes.<ref name=mair/> Rock carvings depicting cheetahs dating back to 2000–6000 years ago have been found in [[Twyfelfontein]]; little else has been discovered in connection to the taming of cheetahs (or other cats) in southern Africa.<ref name=marker2alt/>

Hunting cheetahs are known in [[Pre-Islamic Arabia#Art|pre-Islamic Arabic art]] from Yemen.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Maraqten |first=M. |year=2015 |title=Hunting in pre-Islamic Arabia in light of the epigraphic evidence |url=https://www.academia.edu/23007001 |journal=[[Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy]] |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=208–234 |via=Academia |doi=10.1111/aae.12059|access-date=7 September 2019|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328015437/https://www.academia.edu/23007001|url-status=live}}</ref> Hunting with cheetahs became more prevalent toward the seventh century{{nbsp}}AD. In the Middle East, the cheetah would accompany the nobility to hunts in a special seat on the back of the saddle. Taming was an elaborate process and could take a year to complete.<ref name=marker2alt/> The [[Roman people|Roman]]s may have referred to the cheetah as the {{transliteration|grc|leopardos}} ({{lang|grc|λεοπάρδος}}) or {{transliteration|grc|leontopardos}} ({{lang|grc|λεοντόπαρδος}}), believing it to be a hybrid between a leopard and a lion because of the mantle seen in cheetah cubs and the difficulty of breeding them in captivity.<ref name="Nicholas-1999">{{Cite journal |last=Nicholas |first=N. |s2cid=56160515 |year=1999 |title=A conundrum of cats: pards and their relatives in Byzantium |journal=[[Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies]] |volume=40 |pages=253–298}}</ref> A Roman hunting cheetah is depicted in a 4th-century mosaic from Lod, Israel.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gorzalczany |first1=A. |last2=Rosen |first2=B.|name-list-style=amp |year=2018 |title=Tethering of tamed and domesticated carnivores in mosaics from the Roman and Byzantine periods in the Southern Levant |journal=Journal of Mosaic Research |volume=11 |issue=11 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328998225 |via=ResearchGate |doi=10.26658/jmr.440563 |pages=79–96|doi-access=free|access-date=7 September 2019|archive-date=5 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152802/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328998225_Tethering_of_Tamed_and_Domesticated_Carnivores_in_Mosaics_from_the_Roman_and_Byzantine_Periods_in_the_Southern_Levant|url-status=live}}</ref> Cheetahs continued to be used into the [[Byzantine period]] of the [[Roman Empire]], with "hunting leopards" being mentioned in the ''[[Cynegetica (Nemesianus)|Cynegetica]]'' (283/284 AD).<ref name="Nicholas-1999" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Sevcenko |first=N. |year=2002 |chapter=Wild animals in the Byzantine Park|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/2010271 |title=Byzantine Garden Culture |editor1=Littlewood, A. |editor2=Maguire, H. |editor3=Wolschke-Bulmahn, J. |pages=69–86 |via=Academia |publisher=[[Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection]] |location=Washington, D. C. |isbn=978-0-88402-280-0|access-date=7 September 2019|archive-date=8 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220408011143/https://www.academia.edu/2010271|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Eastmond |first=A. |year=2012 |chapter=Byzantine Oliphants?|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/4363520 |volume=70 |pages=95–118 |via=Academia |isbn=978-3-88467-202-0 |title=Philopátion |editor1=Asutay-Effenberger, N. |editor2=Daim, F. |publisher=[[Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum]] |location=Mainz|access-date=13 December 2017|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328015325/https://www.academia.edu/4363520|url-status=live}}</ref>

In eastern Asia, records are confusing as regional names for the leopard and the cheetah may be used interchangeably. The earliest depiction of cheetahs from eastern Asia dates back to the [[Tang dynasty]] (7th to 10th centuries{{nbsp}}AD); paintings depict tethered cheetahs and cheetahs mounted on horses. Chinese emperors would use cheetahs and [[caracal]]s as gifts. In the 13th and 14th centuries, the [[Yuan dynasty|Yuan]] rulers bought numerous cheetahs from the western parts of the empire and from Muslim merchants. According to the {{transliteration|zh|[[Ming Shilu]]}}, the subsequent [[Ming dynasty]] (14th to 17th centuries) continued this practice.<ref name=mair/> Tomb figurines from the Mongol empire, dating back to the reign of Kublai Khan (1260–1294{{nbsp}}AD), represent cheetahs on horseback.<ref name=marker2alt/> The [[Mughal dynasty|Mughal]] ruler [[Akbar the Great]] (1556–1605{{nbsp}}AD) is said to have kept as many as 1000 ''khasa'' (imperial) cheetahs.<ref name="O'Brien" /><ref name=marker2alt/> His son [[Jahangir]] wrote in his memoirs, ''[[Tuzk-e-Jahangiri]]'', that only one of them gave birth.<ref name=mair/> Mughal rulers trained cheetahs and caracals in a similar way as the western Asians, and used them to hunt game, especially blackbuck. The rampant hunting severely affected the populations of wild animals in India; by 1927, cheetahs had to be imported from Africa.<ref name=marker2alt/>

===In captivity===
[[File:STL Cheetah.jpg|right|thumb|A cheetah at the [[St. Louis Zoo]]|alt=A captive cheetah resting on the ground]]

The first cheetah to be brought into captivity in a zoo was at the [[Zoological Society of London]] in 1829. Early captive cheetahs showed a high mortality rate, with an average lifespan of 3–4 years. After trade of wild cheetahs was delimited by the enforcement of CITES in 1975, more efforts were put into breeding in captivity; in 2014 the number of captive cheetahs worldwide was estimated at 1730 individuals, with 87% born in captivity.<ref name=marker1/><ref name=marker22>{{cite book |editor1=Marker, L. |editor2=Boast, L. K. |editor3=Schmidt-Kuentzel, A. |title=Cheetahs: Biology and Conservation |date=2018 |publisher=Academic Press |location=London |isbn=978-0-12-804088-1|chapter-url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321362072 |chapter=History of cheetahs in zoos and demographic trends through managed captive breeding programs |last1=Marker |first1=L. |last2=Vannelli |first2=K. |last3=Gusset |first3=M. |last4=Versteege |first4=L. |last5=Meeks |first5=K. Z. |last6=Wielebnowski |first6=N. |last7=Louwman |first7=J. |last8=Louwman |first8=H. |last9=Lackey |first9=L. B.|name-list-style=amp |pages=309–322|access-date=26 April 2020|archive-date=5 May 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240505152829/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321362072_History_of_Cheetahs_in_Zoos_and_Demographic_Trends_Through_Managed_Captive_Breeding_Programs|url-status=live}}</ref>

Mortality under captivity is generally high; in 2014, 23% of the captive cheetahs worldwide died under one year of age, mostly within a month of birth.<ref name=marker22/> Deaths result from several reasons—stillbirths, birth defects, [[Cannibalism in zoology|cannibalism]], [[hypothermia]], maternal neglect, and infectious diseases.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Laurenson |first1=M. K. |last2=Wielebnowski |first2=N. |last3=Caro |first3=T. M. |name-list-style=amp |title=Extrinsic factors and juvenile mortality in cheetahs |journal=[[Conservation Biology (journal)|Conservation Biology]] |year=1995 |volume=9 |issue=5 |pages=1329–1331 |jstor=2387078 |doi=10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.9051327.x-i1 |pmid=34261268}}</ref> Compared to other felids, cheetahs need specialised care because of their higher vulnerability to stress-induced diseases; this has been attributed to their low genetic variability and factors of captive life.<ref name=marker25>{{cite book |editor1=Marker, L. |editor2=Boast, L. K. |editor3=Schmidt-Kuentzel, A. |title=Cheetahs: Biology and Conservation |date=2018 |publisher=Academic Press |location=London |isbn=978-0-12-804088-1 |chapter=Diseases impacting captive and free-ranging cheetahs |last1=Terio |first1=K. A. |last2=Mitchell |first2=E. |last3=Walzer |first3=C. |last4=Schmidt-Küntzel |first4=A. |last5=Marker |first5=L. |last6=Citino |first6=S. |pages=349–364 |doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-804088-1.00025-3 |pmc=7148644 |name-list-style=amp}}</ref> Common diseases of cheetahs include [[feline herpesvirus]], feline infectious peritonitis, [[gastroenteritis]], [[glomerulosclerosis]], [[leukoencephalopathy]], [[myelopathy]], [[nephrosclerosis]] and [[veno-occlusive disease]].<ref name=marker25/><ref name=munson>{{cite journal |last1=Munson |first1=L. |title=Diseases of captive cheetahs (''Acinonyx jubatus''): results of the cheetah research council pathology survey, 1989–1992 |journal=Zoo Biology |year=1993 |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=105–124 |doi=10.1002/zoo.1430120110}}</ref> High density of cheetahs in a place, closeness to other large carnivores in enclosures, improper handling, exposure to public and frequent movement between zoos can be sources of stress for cheetahs. Recommended management practices for cheetahs include spacious and ample access to outdoors, stress minimisation by exercise and limited handling, and following proper hand-rearing protocols (especially for pregnant females).<ref name=marker24>{{cite book |editor1=Marker, L. |editor2=Boast, L. K. |editor3=Schmidt-Kuentzel, A. |title=Cheetahs: Biology and Conservation |date=2018 |publisher=Academic Press |location=London |isbn=978-0-12-804088-1 |chapter=Clinical management of captive cheetahs |name-list-style=amp |last1=Woc Colburn |first1=A. M. |last2=Sanchez |first2=C. R. |last3=Citino |first3=S. |last4=Crosier |first4=A. E. |last5=Murray |first5=S. |last6=Kaandorp |first6=J. |last7=Kaandorp |first7=C. |last8=Marker |first8=L. |pages=335–347 |doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-804088-1.00024-1 |pmc=7150109}}</ref>

Wild cheetahs are far more successful breeders than captive cheetahs;<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Marker |first1=L. |last2=O'Brien |first2=S. J. |title=Captive breeding of the cheetah (''Acinonyx jubatus'') in North American zoos (1871–1986) |journal=Zoo Biology |year=1989 |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=3–16 |doi=10.1002/zoo.1430080103 |pmc=7165511 |name-list-style=amp |url=http://www.catsg.org/cheetah/05_library/5_3_publications/M/Marker_%26_OBrien_1989_North_American_cheetah_propagation.pdf |access-date=25 March 2016 |archive-date=15 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815070838/http://www.catsg.org/cheetah/05_library/5_3_publications/M/Marker_%26_OBrien_1989_North_American_cheetah_propagation.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> this has also been linked to increased stress levels in captive individuals.<ref name=marker25/> In a study in the Serengeti, females were found to have a 95% success rate in breeding, compared to 20% recorded for North American captive cheetahs in another study.<ref name=fcr>{{cite journal |last1=Laurenson |first1=M. K. |author2=Caro, T. M. |author3=Borner, M. |title=Female cheetah reproduction |name-list-style=amp |journal=National Geographic Research and Exploration |year=1992 |volume=8 |issue=1002 |pages=64–75 |url=http://www.catsg.org/cheetah/05_library/5_3_publications/L/Laurenson_et_al_1992_Cheetah_reproduction.pdf |access-date=24 March 2016 |archive-date=12 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812015135/http://www.catsg.org/cheetah/05_library/5_3_publications/L/Laurenson_et_al_1992_Cheetah_reproduction.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Donoghue |first1=A. M. |last2=Howard |first2=J. G. |last3=Byers |first3=A. P. |last4=Goodrowe |first4=K. L. |last5=Bush |first5=M. |last6=Bloomer |first6=E. |last7=Lukas |first7=J. |last8=Stover |first8=J. |last9=Snodgrass |first9=K. |last10 = Wildt |first10 = D. E. |title=Correlation of sperm viability with gamete interaction and fertilization ''in vitro'' in the cheetah (''Acinonyx jubatus'') |journal=[[Biology of Reproduction]] |year=1992 |volume=46 |issue=6 |pages=1047–1056 |doi=10.1095/biolreprod46.6.1047 |pmid=1391303 |doi-access=free |name-list-style=amp}}</ref> On 26&nbsp;November 2017, a female cheetah gave birth to eight cubs at the [[Saint Louis Zoo]], setting a record for the most births recorded by the [[Association of Zoos and Aquariums]].<ref>{{cite news |author=News staff |title=St. Louis Zoo cheetah gives birth to record eight cubs |url=http://www.fox13news.com/trending/st-louis-zoo-cheetah-record-eight-cubs |website=Fox13 |access-date=19 April 2019 |date=2018 |archive-date=19 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190419162455/http://www.fox13news.com/trending/st-louis-zoo-cheetah-record-eight-cubs |url-status=live}}</ref> Chances of successful mating in captive males can be improved by replicating social groups such as coalitions observed in the wild.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chadwick |first1=C. L. |last2=Rees |first2=P. A. |last3=Stevens-Wood |first3=B. |title=Captive-housed male cheetahs (''Acinonyx jubatus soemmeringii'') form naturalistic coalitions: measuring associations and calculating chance encounters |journal=Zoo Biology |date=2013 |name-list-style=amp |volume=32 |issue=5 |pages=518–527 |doi=10.1002/zoo.21085 |pmid=23813720 |url=https://www.academia.edu/5939215 |access-date=25 October 2021 |archive-date=28 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328023124/https://www.academia.edu/5939215 |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Attacks on humans===
There are no documented records of lethal attacks on humans by wild cheetahs.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://seaworld.org/animals/all-about/cheetah/longevity/ |title=All about the Cheetah. Seaworld Parks & Entertainment. Retrieved 23 October 2023 |access-date=23 October 2023 |archive-date=9 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231109052156/https://seaworld.org/animals/all-about/cheetah/longevity/ |url-status=live}}</ref> However, there have been instances of people being fatally mauled by captive cheetahs. In 2007, a 37-year-old woman from Antwerp was killed by a cheetah in a Belgian zoo after sneaking into its cage outside of visiting hours.<ref>[https://www.smh.com.au/world/woman-killed-by-cheetah-in-belgian-zoo-20070213-gdpgpi.html ''Woman killed by cheetah in Belgian zoo''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231105050517/https://www.smh.com.au/world/woman-killed-by-cheetah-in-belgian-zoo-20070213-gdpgpi.html |date=5 November 2023 }}. [[Sydney Morning Herald]]. 13 February 2007. Retrieved 23 October 2023</ref> In 2017, a three-year-old child was attacked by a captive cheetah on a farm in [[Philippolis]], South Africa. Despite being airlifted to a hospital in [[Bloemfontein]], the boy died from his injuries.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bloemfonteincourant.co.za/cheetah-kills-boy-vartys-farm/ |title=Dlodlo, Cathy. ''Cheetah kills boy on Varty's farm''. Bloemfontein Courant. 19 March 2017. Retrieved 23 October 2023 |date=19 March 2017 |access-date=23 October 2023 |archive-date=28 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230628173259/https://www.bloemfonteincourant.co.za/cheetah-kills-boy-vartys-farm/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

===In culture===
[[File:Titian Bacchus and Ariadne.jpg|thumb|''[[Bacchus and Ariadne]]'' by [[Titian]], 1523|alt=The painting ''Bacchus and Ariadne'' depicting two cheetahs drawing the chariot of Bacchus]]

The cheetah has been widely portrayed in a variety of artistic works. In ''[[Bacchus and Ariadne]]'', an [[oil painting]] by the 16th-century Italian painter [[Titian]], the chariot of the [[Greek mythology|Greek]] god [[Dionysus]] (Bacchus) is depicted as being drawn by two cheetahs. The cheetahs in the painting were previously considered to be leopards.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Tresidder |first=W. |title=The cheetahs in Titian's ''Bacchus and Ariadne'' |journal=[[The Burlington Magazine]] |year=1981 |volume=123 |issue=941 |pages=481–483 |jstor=880424}}</ref> In 1764, English painter [[George Stubbs]] commemorated the gifting of a cheetah to [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]] by the English Governor of [[Madras]], [[George Pigot, 1st Baron Pigot|Sir George Pigot]] in his painting ''Cheetah with Two Indian Attendants and a Stag''. The painting depicts a cheetah, hooded and collared by two Indian servants, along with a [[stag]] it was supposed to prey upon.<ref>{{cite book |last=Fisher |first=M. H. |title=Counterflows to Colonialism: Indian Travellers and Settlers in Britain 1600–1857 |date=2004 |publisher=Permanent Black |location=New Delhi |isbn=978-8178-240-770|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iPHqigUD6FUC&pg=PA50 |pages=50–102 |chapter=Indians in Britain as British colonial conquests begin (1750s-1790s)|access-date=20 December 2019|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328015517/https://books.google.com/books?id=iPHqigUD6FUC&pg=PA50|url-status=live}}</ref> The 1896 painting ''The Caress'' by the 19th-century Belgian [[Symbolism (arts)|symbolist painter]] [[Fernand Khnopff]] is a representation of the myth of [[Oedipus]] and the [[Sphinx]] and portrays a creature with a woman's head and a cheetah's body.<ref>{{cite book |last=Edmunds |first=L. |title=Oedipus |date=2006 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |location=Abingdon |isbn=978-1134-331-284|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Rut-AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA100 |pages=100–128 |chapter=The inward turn: nineteenth and twentieth centuries|access-date=20 December 2019|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328015444/https://books.google.com/books?id=Rut-AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA100|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Fernand Khnopff - Caresses - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|''The Caress'' by [[Fernand Khnopff]], 1896|alt=The painting ''The Caress'' depicting a creature with a woman's head and a cheetah's body]]
Two cheetahs are depicted standing upright and supporting a crown in the [[coat of arms]] of the [[Free State (province)|Free State]] (South Africa).<ref>{{cite web |title=Free State coat of arms |url=https://southafrica.co.za/free-state-coat-of-arms.html |website=South Africa Online |access-date=25 April 2020 |archive-date=16 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116175041/https://southafrica.co.za/free-state-coat-of-arms.html |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1969, [[Joy Adamson]], of ''[[Born Free]]'' fame, wrote ''The Spotted Sphinx'', a biography of her pet cheetah Pippa.<ref>{{cite book |last=Duncan |first=J. |title=Ahead of their Time: A Biographical Dictionary of Risk-taking Women |date=2002 |publisher=[[Greenwood Press]] |location=Connecticut |isbn=978-0-313-316-609 |chapter=Joy Freiderike Victoria Gessner Adamson |pages=7–11|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GpkN_MX0HMcC&pg=PA7|access-date=14 February 2022|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328015516/https://books.google.com/books?id=GpkN_MX0HMcC&pg=PA7|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Hussein, An Entertainment]]'', a novel by [[Patrick O'Brian]] set in the [[British Raj]] period in India, illustrates the practice of royalty keeping and training cheetahs to hunt antelopes.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last=Towheed|editor-first=S. |last=Ranasinha |first=R. |title=New Readings in the Literature of British India, c. 1780–1947 |date=2014 |publisher=Ibidem-Verlag |location=Stuttgart|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qFcxBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA279 |chapter=Cultural contestations in the literary marketplace: reading Raja Rao's ''Kanthapura'' and Aubrey Menen's ''The Prevalence of Witches'' |pages=279–301 |isbn=978-3-8382-5673-3|access-date=14 February 2022|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328015516/https://books.google.com/books?id=qFcxBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA279|url-status=live}}</ref> The book ''[[How It Was with Dooms]]'' tells the true story of a family raising an orphaned cheetah cub named Dooms in Kenya. The 2005 film [[Duma (2005 film)|''Duma'']] was based loosely on this book.<ref>{{cite book |last=Ebert |first=R. |title=Roger Ebert's Movie Yearbook 2007 |date=2007 |publisher=[[Andrews McMeel Publishing]] |location=Missouri |isbn=978-0740-761-577 |pages=195–196 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SbAEim_dVQkC&pg=PA195|access-date=14 February 2022|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328015516/https://books.google.com/books?id=SbAEim_dVQkC&pg=PA195|url-status=live}}</ref> The animated series ''[[ThunderCats]]'' had a character named "Cheetara", an anthropomorphic cheetah, voiced by [[Lynne Lipton]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Terrace |first=V. |title=Encyclopedia of Television Shows, 1925 through 2010 |date=2014 |publisher=McFarland & Co |location=North Carolina |isbn=978-0-7864-8641-0 |page=1083 |edition=Second |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YX_daEhlnbsC&pg=PA1083|access-date=14 February 2022|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308005831/https://books.google.com/books?id=YX_daEhlnbsC&pg=PA1083|url-status=live}}</ref> Comic book heroine [[Wonder Woman]]'s chief adversary is Barbara Ann Minerva alias [[Cheetah (comics)|The Cheetah]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Wallace |first=D. |title=The DC Comics Encyclopedia: The Definitive Guide to the Characters of the DC Universe |date=2008 |publisher=Dorling Kindersley |location=New York |isbn=978-0-7566-4119-1 |page=80}}</ref>

The [[Bill Thomas Cheetah]] American racing car, a [[Chevrolet]]-based coupe first designed and driven in 1963, was never [[Homologation (motorsport)|homologated]] for competition beyond prototype status; its production ended in 1966.<ref>{{cite web |title=The cobra and the cheetah: a muscle car tale (part two) |last=Schreiber |first=R. |website=[[The Truth About Cars]] |date=2010 |access-date=20 December 2019 |url=https://www.thetruthaboutcars.com/2010/09/the-cobra-and-the-cheetah-a-muscle-car-tale-part-two/ |archive-date=20 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220114048/https://www.thetruthaboutcars.com/2010/09/the-cobra-and-the-cheetah-a-muscle-car-tale-part-two/ |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1986, [[Frito-Lay]] introduced [[Chester Cheetah]], an [[anthropomorphic]] cheetah, as the mascot for their snack food [[Cheetos]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Johnson |first=J. K. |title=American Advertising in Poland: A Study of Cultural Interactions since 1990 |date=2009 |publisher=McFarland & Co |location=North Carolina |isbn=978-0-7864-3797-9 |pages=116–140|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SbAEim_dVQkC&pg=PA116 |chapter=When the chips are down: Frito-Lay Poland|access-date=20 December 2019|archive-date=28 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230328015530/https://books.google.com/books?id=SbAEim_dVQkC&pg=PA116|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Mac OS X 10.0]] was code-named "Cheetah".<ref>{{cite news |last=Moreau |first=S. |date=2016 |title=The evolution of macOS (and Mac OS X) |website=[[Computerworld]] |url=https://www.computerworld.com/article/3692528/evolution-of-macos-and-mac-os-x.html |access-date=25 March 2016 |archive-date=6 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230506020757/https://www.computerworld.com/article/3692528/evolution-of-macos-and-mac-os-x.html |url-status=live}}</ref>