Editing Cell nucleus (section)

===Anucleated cells===

[[Image:redbloodcells.jpg|thumb|230px|right|Human red blood cells, like those of other mammals, lack nuclei. This occurs as a normal part of the cells' development.]]

An anucleated cell contains no nucleus and is, therefore, incapable of dividing to produce daughter cells. The best-known anucleated cell is the mammalian red blood cell, or [[erythrocyte]], which also lacks other organelles such as mitochondria, and serves primarily as a transport vessel to ferry [[oxygen]] from the [[lungs]] to the body's tissues. Erythrocytes mature through [[erythropoiesis]] in the [[bone marrow]], where they lose their nuclei, organelles, and ribosomes. The nucleus is expelled during the process of differentiation from an [[erythroblast]] to a [[reticulocyte]], which is the immediate precursor of the mature erythrocyte.<ref name="Skutelsky">{{cite journal | vauthors = Skutelsky E, Danon D | title = Comparative study of nuclear expulsion from the late erythroblast and cytokinesis | journal = Experimental Cell Research | volume = 60 | issue = 3 | pages = 427–36 | date = June 1970 | pmid = 5422968 | doi = 10.1016/0014-4827(70)90536-7 | department = Primary }}</ref> The presence of [[mutagen]]s may induce the release of some immature "micronucleated" erythrocytes into the bloodstream.<ref name="Torous">{{cite journal | vauthors = Torous DK, Dertinger SD, Hall NE, Tometsko CR | title = Enumeration of micronucleated reticulocytes in rat peripheral blood: a flow cytometric study | journal = Mutation Research | volume = 465 | issue = 1–2 | pages = 91–9 | date = February 2000 | pmid = 10708974 | doi = 10.1016/S1383-5718(99)00216-8 | bibcode = 2000MRGTE.465...91T | department = Primary }}</ref><ref name="Hutter">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hutter KJ, Stöhr M | title = Rapid detection of mutagen induced micronucleated erythrocytes by flow cytometry | journal = Histochemistry | volume = 75 | issue = 3 | pages = 353–62 | year = 1982 | pmid = 7141888 | doi = 10.1007/bf00496738 | s2cid = 28973947 | department = Primary }}</ref> Anucleated cells can also arise from flawed cell division in which one daughter lacks a nucleus and the other has two nuclei.

In [[flowering plant]]s, this condition occurs in [[sieve tube element]]s.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Ham BK, Lucas WJ | title = The angiosperm phloem sieve tube system: a role in mediating traits important to modern agriculture | journal = Journal of Experimental Botany | volume = 65 | issue = 7 | pages = 1799–816 | date = April 2014 | pmid = 24368503 | doi = 10.1093/jxb/ert417 | doi-access = free }}</ref>