Editing Berlin Wall (section)

==Legacy==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Berlin wall 1.jpg|Remains of the Wall adjacent to the [[Topography of Terror]], August 2007
File:Checkpoint Charlie Memorial.JPG|A memorial of over a thousand crosses and a segment of the Wall for those who died trying to cross. The memorial stood for ten months from 2004 to 2005.
File:BERLINER MAUER 1961–1989 plaque.jpg|alt=A "BERLINER MAUER 1961–1989" plaque near Checkpoint Charlie signifying where the Wall stood|A plaque near [[Checkpoint Charlie]] signifying where the Wall stood
File:Fort Gordon's Berlin Wall Display.JPG|Display of two sections of the Wall and a "You are leaving" sign at [[Fort Eisenhower]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], US
File:Berlin Wall from the East.jpg|The Berlin Wall from the East Berlin side, 1967
File:Berlin wall-1.jpg|A sign reading "Until we see each other again in the capital of the GDR"
File:Berlin wall-3.jpg|[[Czech hedgehog]] anti-tank obstacles and the Wall
File:Berlin Wall Exhibition 2014-1.jpg|An exhibition dedicated to the 25th anniversary to the Berlin Wall destruction was located at [[Potsdamer Platz]] Arkaden.
File:Hole in berlin wall.jpg|A hole in the Berlin wall, 2019
</gallery>

[[File:Berlin Wall (13-8-2006).jpg|thumb|Remaining stretch of the Wall near [[Berlin Ostbahnhof|Ostbahnhof]] in [[Friedrichshain]] called [[East Side Gallery]], August 2006]]
Little is left of the Wall at its original site, which was destroyed almost in its entirety. Three long sections are still standing: an {{convert|80|m|ft|adj=mid|-long}} piece of the first (westernmost) wall at the [[Topography of Terror]], site of the former [[Gestapo]] headquarters, halfway between Checkpoint Charlie and [[Potsdamer Platz]]; a longer section of the second (easternmost) wall along the [[Spree (river)|Spree]] River near the {{lang|de|[[Oberbaumbrücke]]}}, nicknamed [[East Side Gallery]]; and a third section that is partly reconstructed, in the north at Bernauer Straße, which was turned into a memorial in 1998. Other isolated fragments, lampposts, other elements, and a few watchtowers also remain in various parts of the city.
*The former leadership in the Schlesischen Busch in the vicinity of the Puschkinallee—the listed, twelve-meter high watchtower stands in a piece of the wall strip, which has been turned into a park, near the [[Lohmühleninsel]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kunstfabrik.org/#LUe |title=Flutgraben e.V. |website=kunstfabrik.org |access-date=25 June 2017 |archive-date=11 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111144732/http://kunstfabrik.org/#LUe |url-status=live }}</ref>
*The former "Kieler Eck" ([[Kiel]] Corner) on Kieler Strasse in [[Mitte (locality)|Mitte]], close to the Berlin-Spandau Schifffahrtskanal—the tower is protected as a historic monument and now surrounded on three sides by new buildings. It houses a memorial site named after the Wallopfer [[Günter Litfin]], who was shot at [[Humboldthafen]] in August 1961. The memorial site, which is run by the initiative of his brother Jürgen Liftin, can be viewed after registration.
*The former management office at Nieder Neuendorf, in the district of [[Hennigsdorf]] of the same name—here is the permanent exhibition on the history of the border installations between the two German states.
*The former management station at Bergfelde, today the district of [[Hohen Neuendorf]]—The tower is located in an already reforested area of the border strip and is used together with surrounding terrain as a nature protection tower by the Deutschen Waldjugend.
*The only one of the much slimmer observation towers (BT-11) in the Erna-Berger-Strasse also in Mitte—however, was moved by a few meters for construction work and is no longer in the original location; There is an exhibition about the wall in the area of the Potsdamer Platz in planning.

[[File:Tracé du Mur de Berlin près de Potsdamer Platz, 2015.JPG|thumb|Line indicating where the inner part of the wall once stood on [[Leipziger Platz]], just off [[Potsdamer Platz]], in 2015]]
Nothing still accurately represents the Wall's original appearance better than a very short stretch at Bernauer Straße associated with the Berlin Wall Documentation Center.<ref>{{cite web |title=Berlin Wall Memorial |url=http://www.berliner-mauer-gedenkstaette.de/en/memorial-grounds-548.html |publisher=Berlin Wall Foundation |access-date=23 January 2016 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304114855/http://www.berliner-mauer-gedenkstaette.de/en/memorial-grounds-548.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Other remnants are badly damaged by souvenir seekers. Fragments of the Wall were taken, and some were sold around the world. Appearing both with and without [[Certificate of authenticity|certificates of authenticity]], these fragments are now a staple on the online auction service [[eBay]] as well as German souvenir shops. Today, the eastern side is covered in [[graffiti]] that did not exist while the Wall was guarded by the armed soldiers of East Germany. Previously, graffiti appeared only on the western side. Along some tourist areas of the city centre, the city government has marked the location of the former Wall by a row of cobblestones in the street. In most places only the "first" wall is marked, except near Potsdamer Platz where the stretch of both walls is marked, giving visitors an impression of the dimension of the barrier system.{{citation needed|date=April 2017}}

After the fall of the Berlin Wall, there were initiatives that they want to preserve the death strip walkways and redevelop them into a hiking and cycling area, known as '''{{lang|de|Berliner Mauerweg}}'''. It is part of the initiative by the Berlin Senate since 11 October 2001.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.berlin.de/mauer/en/wall-trail/project-information-358631.en.php |title=Berlin Wall Trail |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2015-08-28<!--date from page source--> |website=Berlin.de |publisher=State of Berlin |access-date=2022-06-25 |quote=Construction of the Berliner Mauerweg (Berlin Wall Trail) began in 2002 and was completed in 2006, in line with a resolution passed by the Berlin House of Representatives on 11 October 2001. […] The state-owned Grün Berlin Park und Garten GmbH was charged with carrying out the project under the overall supervision of the Senate Department for Urban Development. |language=en |archive-date=25 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220625004646/https://www.berlin.de/mauer/en/wall-trail/project-information-358631.en.php |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Cultural differences===
[[File:Berlin wall holes.jpg|thumb|upright|Remains of the Berlin wall, 2016|150px]]
[[File:Trozo del Muro de Berlín en Fátima (4592089636).jpg|thumb|Segment of the Berlin wall in the [[Sanctuary of Fátima]], [[Portugal]]]]
For many years after reunification, people in Germany talked about cultural differences between East and West Germans (colloquially [[Ossi and Wessi|''Ossis'' and ''Wessis'']]), sometimes described as ''Mauer im Kopf'' (The wall in the head). A September 2004 poll found that 25 percent of West Germans and 12 percent of East Germans wished that East and West should be separated again by a "Wall".<ref>{{cite web |agency=Reuters |title=One in 5 Germans wants Berlin Wall rebuilt |work=NBC News |date=8 September 2004 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna5942091 |access-date=23 February 2006 |archive-date=18 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318225853/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/5942091/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A poll taken in October 2009 on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the fall of the Wall indicated, however, that only about a tenth of the population was still unhappy with the unification (8 percent in the East; 12 percent in the West). Although differences are still perceived between East and West, Germans make similar distinctions between [[Northern Germany|North]] and [[Southern Germany|South]].<ref>{{cite web |author=ZDF "Wochenjournal" |title=Große Zustimmung zur Wiedervereinigung |publisher=ZDF |date=5 November 2009 |url=http://wochenjournal.zdf.de/ZDFde/inhalt/11/0,1872,7925355,00.html |access-date=6 November 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091214050606/http://wochenjournal.zdf.de/ZDFde/inhalt/11/0%2C1872%2C7925355%2C00.html |archive-date=14 December 2009}}</ref>

A 2009 poll conducted by Russia's VTsIOM, found that more than half of all Russians do not know who built the Berlin Wall. Ten percent of people surveyed thought Berlin residents built it themselves. Six percent said Western powers built it and four percent thought it was a "bilateral initiative" of the [[Soviet Union]] and the West. Fifty-eight percent said they did not know who built it, with just 24 percent correctly naming the Soviet Union and its then-communist ally East Germany.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKTRE5A44NS20091105 |title=Who built Berlin Wall? Most Russians don't know |publisher=Uk.reuters.com |date=5 November 2009 |access-date=6 August 2011 |first=Dmitry |last=Solovyov |archive-date=19 January 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100119031054/http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKTRE5A44NS20091105 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Wall segments around the world===
{{Main|List of Berlin Wall segments}}
Not all segments of the Wall were ground up as the Wall was being torn down. Many segments have been given to various institutions around the world. They can be found, for instance, in presidential and historical museums, lobbies of hotels and corporations, at universities and government buildings, and in public spaces in different countries of the world.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.newsweek.com/where-world-berlin-wall-283566 |title=Where in the World Is the Berlin Wall? |date=11 November 2014 |work=Newsweek |access-date=1 November 2017 |archive-date=4 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171104064452/http://www.newsweek.com/where-world-berlin-wall-283566 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===50th anniversary commemoration===
On 13 August 2011, Germany marked the 50th anniversary of East Germany beginning the erection of the Berlin Wall. Chancellor [[Angela Merkel]] joined with President [[Christian Wulff]] and Berlin Mayor [[Klaus Wowereit]] at the Bernauer Straße memorial park to remember lives and liberty. Speeches extolled freedom and a minute of silence at noon honored those who died trying to flee to the West. "It is our shared responsibility to keep the memory alive and to pass it on to the coming generations as a reminder to stand up for freedom and democracy to ensure that such injustice may never happen again." entreated Mayor Wowereit. "It has been shown once again: Freedom is invincible at the end. No wall can permanently withstand the desire for freedom", proclaimed President Wulff.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/8699626/Germany-marks-50th-anniversary-of-Berlin-Wall.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/8699626/Germany-marks-50th-anniversary-of-Berlin-Wall.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Germany marks 50th anniversary of Berlin Wall |publisher=UK Telegraph |date=13 August 2011 |access-date=13 August 2011 |location=London}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.foxnews.com/world/germany-marks-construction-of-the-berlin-wall/ |title=Germany Marks Construction of the Berlin Wall |agency=Associated Press |date=13 August 2011 |access-date=13 August 2011 |archive-date=14 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814020251/http://www.foxnews.com/world/2011/08/13/germany-marks-construction-berlin-wall-1271894147/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.history.com/news/2011/08/11/reflecting-on-the-berlin-wall-50-years-after-its-construction/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125070351/http://www.history.com/news/2011/08/11/reflecting-on-the-berlin-wall-50-years-after-its-construction/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 January 2013 |title=Reflecting on the Berlin Wall, 50 Years After Its Construction |publisher=History.com |date=11 August 2011 |access-date=13 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.germanworldonline.com/index.php/50-years-berlin-wall-1961-1989/ |title=50 Years Berlin Wall 1961–1989 [video clips] |publisher=German World |date=13 August 2011 |access-date=13 August 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111112225424/http://www.germanworldonline.com/index.php/50-years-berlin-wall-1961-1989/ |archive-date=12 November 2011}}</ref>

===Polling===
A small minority still support the wall or even support rebuilding the wall back up. In 2008 a poll found that 11% of participants from the former West Berlin and 12% form the former East Berlin said it would be better if the wall was still in place.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dw.com/en/one-in-nine-berliners-wants-the-wall-back-study-shows/a-3515822 | title=Bring Back the Wall – DW – 07/27/2008 | website=[[Deutsche Welle]] }}</ref> 

A November 2009 poll found that 12% of Germans said the wall should be rebuilt. The poll also found that in the former [[Old states of Germany|West German states]] support was at 12% and in the former [[New states of Germany|East German states]] it was 13%. A September 2009 poll found 15% of Germans supported a wall, while in the west it was 16% and in the east it was at 10%.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/umfrage-jeder-achte-deutsche-will-die-mauer-zurueck-a-660034.html | title=Umfrage: Jeder achte Deutsche will die Mauer zurück | newspaper=Der Spiegel | date=8 November 2009 }}</ref><ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE58G5GS/]</ref>

A 2010 poll from Emnid for ''[[Bild]]'', found that 24% of West Germans and 23% of East Germans wished for the wall still being in place.<ref>[https://www.hindustantimes.com/world/survey-finds-support-for-return-of-berlin-wall/story-WipQ3z8TVZvKdHHSlB01EK_amp.html]</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.welt.de/politik/deutschland/article6777000/Jeder-Vierte-wuenscht-sich-die-Mauer-zurueck.html | title=Umfrage: Jeder Vierte wünscht sich die Mauer zurück – Welt }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bild.de/politik/2010/jeder-vierte-deutsche-wuenscht-sich-die-mauer-zurueck-11819240.bild.html | title=Umfrage-Schock Ost-West: Jeder vierte Deutsche wünscht sich die Mauer zurück | date=14 March 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bild.de/regional/berlin/umfrage-mauer-noch-nicht-aus-koepfen-verschwunden-11828644.bild.html | title=Umfrage: Mauer noch nicht aus Köpfen verschwunden | date=15 March 2010 }}</ref>

A 2019 poll from ''[[Berliner Zeitung]]'' on the 30th anniversary, found that 8% of Berliners supported the idea if the wall was still standing, The overwhelming majority of Berliners at 87% however supported the fall of the wall. The poll also found that 28% of the [[Alternative for Germany]] (AfD) and 16% of [[Free Democratic Party (Germany)|Free Democratic Party]] (FDP) supporters supported bringing back the wall.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.berliner-zeitung.de/politik-gesellschaft/exklusive-forsa-umfrage-das-denken-die-berliner-30-jahre-spaeter-ueber-den-mauerfall-li.27832 | title=Exklusive Forsa-Umfrage: Das denken die Berliner 30 Jahre später über den Mauerfall | date=4 November 2019 }}</ref> A 2019 Yougov poll found that 13% of Germans wanted the wall back, in the West support was at 14% and in the East it was 13%.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.nachrichten.at/panorama/weltspiegel/umfrage-unter-deutschen-13-prozent-wollen-die-mauer-zurueck;art17,3183163 | title=Umfrage unter Deutschen: 13 Prozent wollen die Mauer zurück }}</ref> 

A 2019 poll from [[Forsa Institute|Forsa]] found 35% of Berliners thought the construction of the Wall was not so wrong with supporters of [[The Left (Germany)|the Left Party]] at 74%.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.augsburger-allgemeine.de/panorama/Forsa-Umfrage-35-Prozent-der-Berliner-finden-den-Bau-der-Mauer-gar-nicht-so-falsch-id16202626.html | title=35 Prozent der Berliner finden den Bau der Mauer gar nicht so falsch | date=3 August 2011 }}</ref>