Editing Auschwitz concentration camp (section)

====Gypsy family camp{{anchor|Gypsy camp}}{{anchor|Family camp}}{{anchor|Gypsy family camp}}====
{{main|Gypsy family camp (Auschwitz)|Romani genocide}}
[[File:Romani Kids ww2.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|[[Romani people|Romani]] children, [[Mulfingen]], Germany, 1943; the children were studied by [[Eva Justin]] and later sent to Auschwitz.<ref>{{cite web |title=Romani children in an orphanage in Germany |url=https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn1000174 |publisher=United States Holocaust Memorial Museum |access-date=2 February 2019 |archive-date=1 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201215416/https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn1000174 |url-status=live }}</ref>]]
A separate camp for the [[Romani people|Roma]], the ''Zigeunerfamilienlager'' ("Gypsy family camp"), was set up in the BIIe sector of Auschwitz II-Birkenau in February 1943. For unknown reasons, they were not subject to selection and families were allowed to stay together. The first transport of [[Romani people in Germany|German Roma]] arrived on 26 February that year. There had been a small number of Romani inmates before that; two Czech Romani prisoners, Ignatz and Frank Denhel, tried to escape in December 1942, the latter successfully, and a Polish Romani woman, Stefania Ciuron, arrived on 12 February 1943 and escaped in April.{{sfn|Bauer|1998|pp=447–448}} [[Josef Mengele]], [[the Holocaust]]'s most infamous physician, worked in the gypsy family camp from 30 May 1943 when he began his work in Auschwitz.<ref name="Kubica 1998 319"/>

The Auschwitz registry (''Hauptbücher'') shows that 20,946 Roma were registered prisoners,{{sfn|Bauer|1998|p=448}} and another 3,000 are thought to have entered unregistered.{{sfn|Piper|2000b|p=55, note 145}} On 22 March 1943, one transport of 1,700 [[Romani people in Poland|Polish Sinti and Roma]] was gassed on arrival because of illness, as was a second group of 1,035 on 25 May 1943.{{sfn|Bauer|1998|p=448}} The SS tried to liquidate the camp on 16 May 1944, but the Roma fought them, armed with knives and iron pipes, and the SS retreated. Shortly after this, the SS removed nearly 2,908 from the family camp to work, and on 2 August 1944 gassed the other 2,897. Ten thousand remain unaccounted for.{{sfn|Bauer|1998|pp=449–450}}