Editing Advance-fee scam (section)

== In popular culture ==
Research suggests that some Nigerian hip-hop musicians have strong connections with some Yahoo Boys (cybercriminals).<ref name="ccjls.scholasticahq.com" /><ref name="Lazarus Okolorie 2019 pp. 14–26">{{cite journal | last1=Lazarus | first1=Suleman | last2=Okolorie | first2=Geoffrey U. | title=The bifurcation of the Nigerian cybercriminals: Narratives of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) agents | journal=Telematics and Informatics | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=40 | year=2019 | issn=0736-5853 | doi=10.1016/j.tele.2019.04.009 | pages=14–26| s2cid=150113120 }}</ref> Due to the increased use of the 419 scams on the Internet, it has been used as a [[plot device]] in many [[film]]s, [[television show]]s and [[book]]s. A song, "I Go Chop Your Dollar", performed by [[Nkem Owoh]], also became internationally known as an [[anthem]] for 419 scammers using the phrases "419 is just a game, I am the winner, you are the loser".<ref name="Libbenga_Owoh">{{cite news|last=Libbenga|first=Jan|title='I Go Chop Your Dollar' star arrested|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2007/07/02/419_singer_caught/|access-date=June 23, 2012|newspaper=[[The Register]]|date=July 2, 2007}}</ref> Other appearances in popular media include:
* The 2018 film ''[[Nigerian Prince (film)|Nigerian Prince]]'' follows a Nigerian-American teenager sent to Nigeria by his mother, where he connects with his cousin Pius, who runs 419 scams for a living.
* The 2016 short story ''The Nigerian Prince – When The Scammer Becomes The Scammed'' by L. Toshua Parker follows the true story of a U.S. college student and hacker in 2000 who targeted Nigerian 419 scammers and stole millions back from them.<ref>{{cite book | title=The Nigerian Prince – When The Scammer Becomes The Scammed | publisher=Greyscale | author=Parker, L. Toshua | year=2016 | isbn=978-1-68489-233-4}}</ref>
* In "A Thief in Ni-Moya", a 1981 novella from [[Robert Silverberg]]'s [[Majipoor series]], a young woman is swindled out of her savings under the pretense of fees required to inherit a large estate.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.org/details/Asimovs_v05n13_1981-12-21|title=Asimov's v05n13 (1981 12 21)|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>
* The novel ''[[I Do Not Come To You By Chance]]''<ref>{{cite book | title=I Do Not Come to You by Chance | publisher=Hachette UK | author=Nwaubani, Adaobi Tricia | year=2009 | isbn=978-0-297-85872-0}}</ref> by Nigerian author [[Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani]] explores the phenomenon.
* The 2006 direct-to-DVD film ''EZ Money'' features an instance of this scam as its central premise.<ref name="ezmoney">{{cite web|url=http://www.the-trades.com/article.php?id=4708|title=DVD Review: EZ Money|first=R.J.|last=Carter|date=August 26, 2006|access-date=December 7, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130205112133/http://www.the-trades.com/article.php?id=4708|archive-date=February 5, 2013}}</ref>
* In the 2007 ''[[Futurama]]'' [[straight-to-DVD]] film ''[[Futurama: Bender's Big Score|Bender's Big Score]]'', [[Hubert J. Farnsworth|Professor Farnsworth]] falls for a [[lottery scam]], giving away his personal details on the Internet after believing he has won the [[Loterías y Apuestas del Estado|Spanish national lottery]]. Later, [[Richard Nixon's head|Nixon's Head]] falls for a "sweepstakes" letter by the same scammers, while Zoidberg is taken by an advance-fee fraud, thinking he is next of kin to a Nigerian Prince.{{Citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* In series 6, episode 3 of the [[BBC]] television series ''[[The Real Hustle]]'', the hustlers demonstrated the 419 scam to the hidden cameras in the "High Stakes" episodes of the show.<ref name="BBC_RealHustle">{{cite web|title=Episode 3 of 10, Series 6: High Stakes.|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00f3mzv|publisher=BBC|access-date=June 22, 2012}}</ref>
* In the [[HBO]] comedy series ''[[Flight of the Conchords (TV series)|Flight of the Conchords]]'' episode "[[The New Cup]]", the band's manager, Murray, uses the band's emergency funds for what appears to be a 419 scam—an investment offer made by a Mr. Nigel Soladu, who had e-mailed him from Nigeria. However, it turns out that Nigel Soladu is a real Nigerian businessman and the investment offer is legitimate, although Murray notes that, despite Mr. Soladu having e-mailed many people for an investment, only he had taken him up on it. The band receives a 1000% profit, which they use to get bailed out of jail.{{Citation needed|date=May 2020}}
* [[The Residents]] included a song called "My Nigerian Friend" in their 2008 multimedia production ''[[The Bunny Boy]]''.
* In the pilot episode, "[[The Nigerian Job]]", of ''[[Leverage (American TV series)|Leverage]]'', the group uses the reputation of the Nigerian scam to con a deceitful businessman.
* The 2012 novel ''[[419 (novel)|419]]'' by [[Will Ferguson]] is the story of a daughter looking for the persons she believes responsible for her father's death due to suicide following a 419 scam. A follow-up to earlier novels about con men and frauds (''Generica'' and ''Spanish Fly''), ''419'' won the 2012 [[Giller Prize]], Canada's most distinguished literary award.<ref name="LaLonda_Michelle">{{cite news|last=Sherlock|first=Tracy|title=Truth of 419 Internet scam really 'a sad story' |url=https://vancouversun.com/life/truth+internet+scam+really+story/6493662/story.html|access-date=January 4, 2019|newspaper=[[Vancouver Sun]]|date=April 20, 2012 |url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160620154210/http://www.vancouversun.com/life/truth+internet+scam+really+story/6493662/story.html |archive-date=June 20, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/books/article/1280103--will-ferguson-takes-giller-prize-for-novel-419 |author=Quill, Greg | title=Will Ferguson takes Giller Prize for novel 419 | newspaper=[[Toronto Star]] | date=October 30, 2012 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170905224555/https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/books/2012/10/31/will_ferguson_takes_giller_prize_for_novel_419.html |archive-date=September 5, 2017 }}</ref>
* In the video game ''[[Warframe]]'', Nef Anyo ran an advance-fee fraud during Operation False Profit, where players attempted to reverse the scam and steal credits from him in order to bankrupt him and prevent his creation of a robotic army.
* [[MC Frontalot]]'s song "Message No. 419" is about a 419 scam.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://frontalot.com/lyrics/MC-Frontalot-Lyric-Message-No-419.html|title=MC Frontalot {{!}} Lyric {{!}} Message No. 419|website=frontalot.com|access-date=2016-10-04}}</ref>
* In the [[Vampire: The Eternal Struggle]] card game the [[Osebo]] clan has a card to perform a 419 Operation.
* A 2016 episode of ''[[Family Guy]]'' titled "[[Family Guy (season 14)|Scammed Yankees]]" sees Peter Griffin and his father-in-law Carter fall victim to a 419 scam and travel to Africa to get the money back.