Editing York (section)

==Transport==
===Water===
York's location on the River Ouse, and in the centre of the Vale of York, means that it has always had a significant position in the nation's transport system.<ref name="VCH"/> The city grew up as a river port at the confluence of the Ouse and the Foss. The Ouse was originally a [[tidal river]], accessible to seagoing ships of the time. Today, both of these rivers remain navigable, although the Foss is only navigable for a short distance above the confluence. A [[Lock (water navigation)|lock]] at [[Naburn]] on the Ouse to the south of York means that the river in York is no longer tidal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://canalrivertrust.org.uk/canals-and-rivers/river-ouse|title=River Ouse|publisher=Canal & River Trust|access-date=23 July 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130908144027/http://canalrivertrust.org.uk/canals-and-rivers/river-ouse|archive-date=8 September 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Until the end of the 20th century, the Ouse was used by [[barge]]s to carry freight between York and the [[Port of Hull|port of]] [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]]. The last significant such traffic was the supply of [[newsprint]] to the local newspaper's Foss-side print works, which continued until 1997. Today, navigation is almost exclusively leisure-oriented.

{{wide image|York night.JPG|1000px|align-cap=center|Panorama of the [[River Ouse, Yorkshire|River Ouse]] looking south from Lendal Bridge}}

===Roads===
[[File:Stonegate in York - geograph.org.uk - 1261035.jpg|thumb|Stonegate is pedestrianised during the day.|200x200px]]

Like most cities founded by the Romans, York is well served by long-distance trunk roads. The city lies at the intersection of the [[A19 road]] from [[Doncaster]] to [[Tyneside]], the [[A59 road]] from [[Liverpool]] to York, the [[A64 road]] from [[Leeds]] to [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]] and the [[A1079 road]] from York to [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]]. The A64 road provides the principal link to the motorway network, linking York to both the [[A1(M) motorway|A1(M)]] and the [[M1 motorway]]s at a distance of about {{convert|10|mi|km|round=5}} from the city. The trans-Pennine [[M62 motorway]] is less than {{convert|20|mi|km|round=5}} away providing links to [[Manchester]] and Liverpool.
The city is surrounded on all sides by an outer ring road, at a distance of some {{convert|3|mi|km|0}} from the centre of the city, which allows through traffic to by-pass the city. The street plan of the historic core of the city dates from medieval times and is not suitable for modern traffic. As a consequence, many of the routes inside the city walls are designated as [[Pedestrian zone|car-free]] during business hours or restrict traffic entirely. To alleviate this situation, six bus-based [[York park and ride|park and ride]] sites operate in York. The sites are located towards the edge of the urban area, with easy access from the ring road and allow out of town visitors to complete their journey into the city centre by bus.<ref name="coypar">{{cite web|title=Park & Ride|publisher=City of York Council|url=http://www.york.gov.uk/transport/Parking/Park_and_Ride/|date=31 August 2007|access-date=9 October 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014003339/http://www.york.gov.uk/transport/Parking/Park_and_Ride/|archive-date=14 October 2007}}</ref>

===Buses===
[[File:First bendy bus on York P&amp;R.jpg|thumb|A First York [[Mercedes-Benz Citaro]] articulated bus on Rougier Street|200x200px]]

Public transport within the city is largely bus-based. [[First York]] operates the majority of the city's local bus services, as well as the [[York park and ride]] services. York was the location of the first implementation of FirstGroup's experimental and controversial [[FTR (bus)|FTR bus concept]], which sought to confer the advantages of a modern tramway system at a lower cost.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.york.gov.uk/transport/Public_transport/ftr/ |title=ftr – York's new public transport scheme |publisher=City of York Council |date=22 May 2008 |access-date=20 July 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080628212433/http://www.york.gov.uk/transport/Public_transport/ftr/ |archive-date=28 June 2008}}</ref> The service was withdrawn following an election manifesto pledge by the Labour Group at the 2011 local government election.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/9584455.ftr_buses_withdrawn_from_York/ |title=Controversial ftr buses make their final journey in York |work=York Press |date=13 March 2012 |access-date=12 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120520013757/http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/9584455.ftr_buses_withdrawn_from_York/ |archive-date=20 May 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Transdev Blazefield|Transdev York]] also operates a large number of local bus services. Open-top tourist and sightseeing buses are operated by Transdev York, on behalf of [[City Sightseeing]] and York Pullman on behalf of [[Golden Tours]].

Rural services, linking local towns and villages with York, are provided by a number of companies with [[Yorkshire Coastliner|Transdev York & Country]], [[East Yorkshire (bus company)|East Yorkshire]] and Reliance Motor Services operating most of them. Longer-distance bus services are provided by a number of operators, including [[Arriva Yorkshire]] services to Selby, [[East Yorkshire (bus company)|East Yorkshire]] services to Hull, Beverley, Market Weighton and Pocklington, and [[Yorkshire Coastliner|Transdev York & Country]] services to Boroughbridge, [[Knaresborough]], Harrogate, [[Castle Howard]] and Malton. [[Yorkshire Coastliner]] links [[Leeds City bus station|Leeds]] and York with Scarborough, Malton, Pickering and [[Whitby]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=York, York bus services |work=Bus Times |date=2023 |access-date=17 December 2024 |url=https://bustimes.org/localities/york-york}}</ref>

===Railway===
[[File:York station rush hour.jpg|thumb|York railway station's interior|200x200px]]

The city has been a major railway centre since the first line arrived in 1839, at the beginning of the railway age. For many years, the city hosted the headquarters and works of the [[North Eastern Railway (United Kingdom)|North Eastern Railway]].<ref name="coyrapd">{{cite web |title=The Railway Age to the present day |publisher=City of York Council |url=http://www.york.gov.uk/leisure/Local_history_and_heritage/yorks_history/08_the_railway_age/ |date=20 December 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516063727/http://www.york.gov.uk/leisure/Local_history_and_heritage/yorks_history/08_the_railway_age/ |archive-date=16 May 2012}}</ref>

[[York railway station]] is a principal stop on the [[East Coast Main Line]]. It is served by five [[train operating companies]]:

{| class="wikitable"style="font-size:100%; width:100%"
|-
! Point A || Via || Point B || Via
|-
! colspan=4 | [[London North Eastern Railway]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our timetables |work=LNER |date=15 December 2024 |access-date=17 December 2024 |url=https://www.lner.co.uk/travel-information/travelling-later/timetables/}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=3 | {{rws|London King's Cross}} (under two hours from York, around 25 direct trains each weekday)
| rowspan=3 | {{rws|Peterborough}} & {{rws|Doncaster}}
| {{rws|Edinburgh Waverley}}
| rowspan=2 | {{rws|Durham}} & {{rws|Newcastle}}
|-
| {{rws|Sunderland}}
|-
| {{rws|Middlesbrough}}
| {{rws|Thornaby}}
|-
! colspan=4 | [[CrossCountry]]<ref>{{Cite web |work=CrossCountry |title=Timetables |date=15 December 2024 |access-date=17 December 2024 |url=https://www.crosscountrytrains.co.uk/travel-updates-information/train-timetables}}</ref>
|-
| {{rws|Plymouth}}
| {{rws|Bristol Temple Meads}}, {{rws|Birmingham New Street}}, {{rws|Derby}}, {{rws|Sheffield}} & {{rws|Wakefield Westgate}}
| {{rws|Glasgow Central}} & or Edinburgh Waverley
| Darlington, Durham & Newcastle
|-
| Newcastle
| Durham & Darlington
| {{rws|Southampton Central}} & or {{rws|Reading}}
| {{rws|Birmingham International}}, Birmingham New Street & {{rws|Oxford}}
|-
! colspan=4 | [[TransPennine Express]]<ref>{{Cite web |work=TransPennine Express |title=Timetables |date=15 December 2024 |access-date=17 December 2024 |url=https://www.tpexpress.co.uk/travel-updates/timetables}}</ref>
|-
| Newcastle
| {{rws|Darlington}}
| {{rws|Liverpool Lime Street}}
| Leeds, {{rws|Dewsbury}}, {{rws|Huddersfield}} & {{rws|Manchester Victoria}}
|-
| {{rws|Redcar Central}}
| Middlesbrough
| {{rws|Manchester Airport}}
| Huddersfield, {{rws|Manchester Oxford Road}} & {{rws|Manchester Piccadilly}}
|-
| York
| Terminus
| {{rws|Scarborough}}
| {{rws|Malton}} & {{rws|Seamer}}
|-
! colspan=4 | [[Northern Trains|Northern]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Timetables and engineering information for travel with Northern |work=Northern Railway |date=15 December 2024 |access-date=17 December 2024 |url=https://www.northernrailway.co.uk/travel/timetables}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=3 | York (the provider's headquarters)
| rowspan=3 | Terminus
| {{rws|Leeds}}
| {{rws|Harrogate}}
|-
| {{rws|Bridlington}}
| {{rws|Hull Paragon}}
|-
| {{rws|Sheffield}}
| {{rws|Rotherham Central}}
|-
| {{rws|Blackpool North}}
| [[Bradford Interchange]], {{rws|Halifax|England}}, {{rws|Hebden Bridge}}, {{rws|Burnley Manchester Road}}, {{rws|Blackburn}} & {{rws|Preston}}
|-
! colspan=4 | [[Grand Central (train operating company)|Grand Central]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Grand Central timetables |work=Grand Central |date=15 December 2024 |access-date=17 December 2024 |url=https://www.grandcentralrail.com/travelling-with-gc/timetables}}</ref>
|-
| London King's Cross
| {{rws|Peterborough}}
| {{rws|Sunderland}}
| {{rws|Eaglescliffe}} & {{rws|Hartlepool}}
|-
|}

===Air===
[[File:Hawker Hunter at Yorkshire Air Museum (8248).jpg|thumb|Yorkshire Air Museum|200x200px]]

The closest international airports are [[Leeds Bradford Airport|Leeds Bradford]], which is {{convert|30|mi|km}} away from the city centre, [[Teesside International Airport|Teesside]] {{convert|47|mi|km}}, [[Humberside Airport|Humberside]] {{convert|54|mi|km}}. Further afield are [[Manchester Airport|Manchester]] {{convert|84|mi|km}} and [[Newcastle International Airport|Newcastle]] {{convert|95|mi|km}}.

Manchester Airport – with connections to Europe, North America, Africa and Asia – has direct rail links by [[TransPennine Express]] with its {{rws|Manchester Airport||namesake station}}.<ref name="coyrail">{{cite web|title=Trains|publisher=City of York Council|url=http://www.york.gov.uk/transport/Public_transport/trains/|date=31 August 2007|access-date=9 October 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071019101942/http://www.york.gov.uk/transport/Public_transport/trains/|archive-date=19 October 2007}}</ref> By road, it is accessible by the [[A64 road|A64]] to the [[M60 motorway (Great Britain)|M60]] via the [[A1(M) motorway]], [[M1 motorway|M1]] and [[M62 motorway|M62]].

Teesside Airport has one rail connection via Darlington and Eaglescliffe, with a limited service by bus from {{rws|Teesside Airport||its station}}. By road, it is accessible by the [[A19 road|A19]] north to the [[A67 road|A67]]. Newcastle Airport has one connection via Newcastle station, with the metro to {{stl|Tyne and Wear Metro|Newcastle Airport}}; it is accessible by the [[A1(M) motorway|A1(M)]] north to the [[A1 road (Great Britain)|A1]] then the [[A696 road|A696]].

Leeds Bradford and Humberside have no direct railway stations, with bus route connections instead. Leeds Bradford serves most major European and North African airports.<ref name="fgyac">{{cite web|url=http://www.yorkaircoach.com|title=Welcome to YorkAirLink.com|publisher=[[First York]]|access-date=20 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827235554/http://www.yorkaircoach.com/|archive-date=27 August 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> Humberside is accessible by the [[A1079 road|A1079]] to the [[A15 road (England)|A15]] via the [[A63 road|A63]]; Leeds Bradford by the [[A59 road|A59]] to the [[A658 road|A658]] via the [[A661 road|A661]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.skyscanner.net/news/airports/york-airports|title=York Airports|date=19 August 2016|access-date=26 January 2022|archive-date=26 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126140657/https://www.skyscanner.net/news/airports/york-airports|url-status=live}}</ref>

York has an airfield at the former [[RAF Elvington]], {{convert|7|mi|km}} south-east of the city centre, which is the home of the [[Yorkshire Air Museum]] and used for [[private aviation]]. In 2003, plans were drafted to expand the site for business aviation or a full commercial service.<ref name="tpelb">{{cite web|url=http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/7898363.Up_in_the_air_for_Elvington/|title=Up in the air for Elvington|publisher=Newsquest Media Group|work=The Press|date=9 October 2003|access-date=22 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122125630/http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/7898363.Up_in_the_air_for_Elvington/|archive-date=22 January 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> Former [[RAF Church Fenton]] is also near the city and private; it is now called [[Leeds East Airport|Leeds East]].