Editing Winfield Scott (section)

==Legacy==
===Historical reputation===
{{external media | width = 210px | float = left | headerimage= | video1 = [https://www.c-span.org/video/?102268-1/agent-destiny ''Booknotes'' interview with John Eisenhower on ''Agent of Destiny'', April 19, 1998], [[C-SPAN]]}}
[[File:General Winfield Scott statue (45726769).jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|[[Brevet Lt. General Winfield Scott|Statue of Winfield Scott]] on [[Scott Circle]] in Washington, D.C.]]

Scott holds the record for the greatest length of active service as a general in the U.S. Army,<ref name="malanga" /> as well as the longest tenure as the army's chief officer. Steven Malanga of ''[[City Journal]]'' writes that "Scott was one of America's greatest generals ... but he had the misfortune to serve in two conflicts—the War of 1812 and the controversial Mexican-American War—bracketed by the far more significant American Revolution and Civil War."<ref name="4PNmt" /> Biographer John Eisenhower writes that Scott "was an astonishing man" who was the country's "most prominent general" between the retirement of Andrew Jackson in 1821 and the onset of the Civil War in 1861.{{sfn|Eisenhower|1999|p=xiii}} The [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Duke of Wellington]] proclaimed Scott "the greatest living general" after his capture of Mexico City.{{sfn|Johnson|1998|p=1}} Robert E. Lee wrote, "the great cause of our success [in Mexico] was in our leader [Scott]".{{sfn|Eisenhower|1999|p=315}} Historians Scott Kaufman and John A. Soares Jr. write that Scott was "an able diplomat who proved crucial in helping avert war between Britain and the United States in period after the War of 1812."{{sfn|Kaufman|Soares|2006|p=58}} [[Fanny Crosby]], the hymn writer, recalled that Scott's "gentle manner did not indicate a hero of so many battles; yet there was strength beneath the exterior appearance and a heart of iron within his breast. But from him I learned that the warrior only it is, who can fully appreciate the blessing of peace."<ref name="7TErp" />

In addition to his reputation as a tactician and strategist, Scott was also noteworthy for his concern about the welfare of his subordinates, as demonstrated by his willingness to risk his career in the dispute with Wilkinson over the Louisiana bivouac site.{{sfn|Johnson|1998|pages=13–14}} In another example, when [[cholera]] broke out among his soldiers while they were aboard the ship during the Black Hawk campaign and the ship's surgeon was incapacitated by the disease, Scott had the doctor tutor him in treatment and risked his health by tending to the sick troops himself.<ref name="XTEwe" />

Scott was the recipient of several [[honorary degree]]s.<ref name="Harvard">{{cite book |date=1900 |title=Quinquennial Catalogue of the Officers and Graduates of Harvard University, 1636–1900 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JWNOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA471 |location=Cambridge, MA |publisher=Harvard University |page=471 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> These included a [[Master of Arts]] from the College of New Jersey (now [[Princeton University]]) in 1814, a [[Doctor of Laws]] (LL.D.) from [[Columbia University]] in 1850, and an LL.D. from [[Harvard University]] in 1861.<ref name="Harvard"/>

===Memorials===
[[File:Winfield Scott44 1870 issue-24c.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|First Winfield Scott stamp, issue of 1870]]

Scott has been memorialized in numerous ways. Various counties are named for him, including [[Scott County, Iowa]]; [[Scott County, Kansas]]; [[Scott County, Virginia]];<ref name="mlNaU" /> [[Scott County, Minnesota]]; and [[Scott County, Tennessee]]. Communities named for Scott include [[Winfield, Illinois|Winfield]], Illinois; [[Winfield, Indiana|Winfield]], Indiana; [[Winfield, Iowa|Winfield]], Iowa; [[Winfield, Alabama]]; and [[Winfield, Tennessee|Winfield]], Tennessee; [[Fort Scott, Kansas|Fort Scott]], Kansas; and [[Scott Depot, West Virginia|Scott Depot]] and [[Winfield, West Virginia|Winfield]],<ref name="lxtym" /> West Virginia. [[Fort Point National Historic Site|Fort Winfield Scott]] at the Presidio of San Francisco was part of the coastal defenses of San Francisco Bay from 1861 to 1970, and is now a part of the Fort Point National Historic Site.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://militarymuseum.org/FtScott.html |title=Historic California Posts, Camps, Stations and Airfields: Fort Winfield Scott |author1=Gordon Chappell |author2=Justin M. Ruhge |date=2016 |access-date=2022-03-20}}</ref> Other things named for Scott include [[Lake Winfield Scott]] in [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[Mount Scott (Oklahoma)|Mount Scott]] in Oklahoma, and the [[Scott's oriole]], a bird.<ref name="5MJvB" />

A [[Brevet Lt. General Winfield Scott|statue of Scott]] stands at [[Scott Circle]] in Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://historicsites.dcpreservation.org/items/show/536 |title=Winfield Scott Statue |website=DC Historic Sites |publisher=DC Preservation League |location=Washington, DC |access-date=October 29, 2020}}</ref> Scott was honored by having his likeness depicted on a U.S. postage stamp.<ref name="4w49M" /><ref name="CdVn2" /><ref name="k235B" /> A [[paddle steamer]] named ''[[SS Winfield Scott|Winfield Scott]]'' launched in 1850, and a [[US Army|U.S. Army]] [[tugboat]] in service in the 21st century is named ''[[MG Winfield Scott (LT-805)|Winfield Scott]]''. Scott is the namesake of various people, including officers Union General [[Winfield Scott Hancock]],<ref>{{cite book |last=Jordan |first=David M. |date=1998 |title=Winfield Scott Hancock: A Soldier's Life |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubSem4UEn9AC |location=Bloomington |publisher=Indiana University Press |page=5 |isbn=978-0-2532-1058-6 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> Confederate General [[Winfield S. Featherston|Winfield Scott Featherston]],<ref>{{cite book |last=Bishop |first=Randy |date=2017 |title=Mississippi'S Civil War Generals |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3NcvDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT81 |location=Bloomington, IN |publisher=AuthorHouse |pages=81–82 |isbn=978-1-5462-0172-4 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> and Admiral [[Winfield Scott Schley]].<ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Tucker |editor-first=Spencer |date=2009 |title=U.S. Leadership in Wartime: Clashes, Controversy, and Compromise |volume=I |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wEkFzIWjdn4C&pg=PA435 |location=Santa Barbara, CA |publisher=ABC CLIO |page=435 |isbn=978-1-5988-4172-5 |via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> The U.S. Army Civil Affairs Association views General Scott as the "Father of [[History of civil affairs in the United States Armed Forces|Civil Affairs]]" and the regimental award medallions bear his name.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Winfield Scott Medallions|url=https://www.civilaffairsassoc.org/winfield-scott-medallions|access-date=September 1, 2020|website=Civil Affairs Association|language=en}}</ref>

The [[General Winfield Scott House]], his home in New York City from 1853 to 1855, was named a [[National Historic Landmark]] in 1975.<ref>{{cite news |date=April 1, 1975 |title=Winfield Scott's Home Designated Landmark |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1975/04/01/76344578.html?pageNumber=38 |work=[[The New York Times]] |location=New York |page=38 |via=[[TimesMachine]]}}</ref> Scott's papers are held by the [[William L. Clements Library]] at the [[University of Michigan]] at [[Ann Arbor, Michigan]].<ref name="D28QV" />