Editing Umbrella (section)

=== In religious ceremony ===

[[File:Grand Procession of the Doge of Venice.png|thumb|upright|Grand Procession of the [[Doge of Venice]] (16th century)]]
[[File:Umbraculum.jpg|alt=|thumb|[[Umbraculum]] in the [[Basilica of Saint Stanislaus Kostka]] in [[Winona, Minnesota]]]]
As a canopy of state, umbrellas were generally used in southern and eastern Europe, and then passed from the imperial court into church ceremony. They are found in the ceremonies of the [[Byzantine Rite]], were borne over the [[Host (Holy Communion)|Host]] in [[procession]], and form part of the [[pontificalia|Pontifical]] [[regalia]].

==== Catholic Church ====

An umbrella, the ''ombrellino'' (Italian) or ''[[umbraculum]]'' (Latin) is an historic piece of the [[papal regalia]]. Although the popes no longer use it personally, it is displayed on the [[coat of arms]] of a ''[[sede vacante]]'' (the papal arms used between the death of a pope and the election of his successor). This umbraculum is normally made of alternating red and gold fabric, and is usually displayed in a partially unfolded manner. The popes have traditionally bestowed the use of the umbraculum as a mark of honor upon specific persons and places. The use of an umbraculum is one of the honorary symbols of a [[basilica]] and may be used in the basilica's [[coat of arms]] and carried in processions by the basilica's [[canon (priest)|canons]].

A large umbrella is displayed in each of the [[List of basilicas|Basilicas of Rome]], and a [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|cardinal bishop]] who receives his [[Titulus (Roman Catholic)|title]] from one of those churches has the privilege of having an umbrella carried over his head in solemn [[procession]]s. It is possible that the [[galero]] (wide-brimmed cardinal's hat) may derive from this umbrella.{{Citation needed|date= December 2008}} Beatiano, an Italian [[herald]], says that "a vermilion umbrella in a field argent symbolizes dominion".
[[File:StMichaelEOTC03a.jpg|thumb|[[Ethiopian Orthodox]] clergymen lead a procession in celebration of [[Saint Michael]]. The [[priest]]s carry ornately covered [[Tabot]]a around the church's exterior, assisted by [[deacon]]s holding liturgical umbrellas.]]

Roman Catholic [[liturgy]] also uses an umbrella,  known as the ''umbraculum'' or ''ombrellino''. It is held over the [[Sacraments of the Roman Catholic Church|Holy Sacrament]] of the [[Eucharist]] and its carrier by a server in short processions taking place indoors, or until the priest is met at the sanctuary entrance by the bearers of the processional canopy or ''baldacchino''. It is regularly white or golden (the colours reserved for the Holy Sacrament) and made of silk.

==== Oriental Orthodox Churches ====

In several [[Oriental Orthodox Churches]], such as the [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church]], umbrellas are used liturgically to show honor to a person (such as a [[bishop]]) or a holy object. In the ceremonies of [[Timkat]] (Epiphany), priests will carry a model of the [[Tablets of Stone]], called a [[Tabot]], on their heads in procession to a body of water, which will then be blessed. Brightly colored embroidered and fringed liturgical parasols are carried above the Tabota during this procession. Such processions also take place on other major [[feast day]]s.