Editing Tuberculosis (section)

=== Vaccines ===
{{Main|Tuberculosis vaccines|BCG vaccine}}
The only available [[vaccine]] {{as of|2021|lc=yes}} is [[bacillus Calmette-Guérin]] (BCG).<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = McShane H | title = Tuberculosis vaccines: beyond bacille Calmette-Guerin | journal = Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences | volume = 366 | issue = 1579 | pages = 2782–89 | date = October 2011 | pmid = 21893541 | pmc = 3146779 |doi-access=free | doi = 10.1098/rstb.2011.0097 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Vaccines {{!}} Basic TB Facts |url=https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/vaccines.htm |date=16 June 2021 |publisher=CDC |access-date=30 December 2021 |archive-date=30 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230115301/https://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/vaccines.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> In areas where tuberculosis is not common, only children at high risk are typically immunized, while suspected cases of tuberculosis are individually tested for and treated.<ref name="WHO_BCG_2018">{{cite journal |vauthors=((World Health Organization)) |date=February 2018 |title=BCG vaccines: WHO position paper – February 2018 |journal=Weekly Epidemiological Record |volume=93 |issue=8 |pages=73–96 |pmid=29474026 |hdl-access=free |hdl=10665/260307}}</ref> In countries where tuberculosis is common, one dose is recommended in healthy babies as soon after birth as possible.<ref name="WHO_BCG_2018" /> A single dose is given by intradermal injection. Administered to children under 5, it decreases the risk of getting the infection by 20% and the risk of infection turning into active disease by nearly 60%.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Roy A, Eisenhut M, Harris RJ, Rodrigues LC, Sridhar S, Habermann S, Snell L, Mangtani P, Adetifa I, Lalvani A, Abubakar I | title = Effect of BCG vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in children: systematic review and meta-analysis |doi-access=free | journal = BMJ | volume = 349 | page= g4643 | date = August 2014 | issue = aug04 5 | pmid = 25097193 | pmc = 4122754 | doi = 10.1136/bmj.g4643 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dias JV, Varandas L, Gonçalves L, Kagina B | title = Outcomes of childhood TB in countries with a universal BCG vaccination policy | journal = The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease | volume = 28 | issue = 6 | pages = 273–277 | date = June 2024 | pmid = 38822485 | doi = 10.5588/ijtld.23.0321 }}</ref> It is not effective if administered to adults.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Martinez |first1=Leonardo |last2=Cords |first2=Olivia |last3=Liu |first3=Qiao |last4=Acuna-Villaorduna |first4=Carlos |last5=Bonnet |first5=Maryline |last6=Fox |first6=Greg J. |last7=Carvalho |first7=Anna Cristina C. |last8=Chan |first8=Pei-Chun |last9=Croda |first9=Julio |last10=Hill |first10=Philip C. |last11=Lopez-Varela |first11=Elisa |last12=Donkor |first12=Simon |last13=Fielding |first13=Katherine |last14=Graham |first14=Stephen M. |last15=Espinal |first15=Marcos A. |date=2022-09-01 |title=Infant BCG vaccination and risk of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis throughout the life course: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis |journal=The Lancet Global Health |language=English |volume=10 |issue=9 |pages=e1307–e1316 |doi=10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00283-2 |issn=2214-109X |pmid=35961354|pmc=10406427 }}</ref>