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====Sheep==== Along with pigs, sheep and goats are among the most commonly infected livestock of epidemiological significance for human infection.<ref name=Tenter2000 /> Prevalence of viable ''T. gondii'' in sheep tissue has been measured (via bioassay) to be as high as 78% in the United States,<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Dubey JP, Sundar N, Hill D, Velmurugan GV, Bandini LA, Kwok OC, Majumdar D, Su C | title = High prevalence and abundant atypical genotypes of ''Toxoplasma gondii'' isolated from lambs destined for human consumption in the USA | journal = [[International Journal for Parasitology]] | volume = 38 | issue = 8β9 | pages = 999β1006 | date = July 2008 | pmid = 18191859 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijpara.2007.11.012 }}</ref> and a 2011 survey of goats intended for consumption in the United States found a seroprevalence of 53.4%.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Dubey JP, Rajendran C, Ferreira LR, Martins J, Kwok OC, Hill DE, Villena I, Zhou H, Su C, Jones JL | title = High prevalence and genotypes of ''Toxoplasma gondii'' isolated from goats, from a retail meat store, destined for human consumption in the USA | journal = [[International Journal for Parasitology]] | volume = 41 | issue = 8 | pages = 827β833 | date = July 2011 | pmid = 21515278 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.03.006 }}</ref> A single live attenuated vaccine, Toxovax, is currently available to mitigate the negative impacts of congenital toxoplasmosis on the sheep industry.<ref name="pmid36090161">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hasan T, Nishikawa Y |title=Advances in vaccine development and the immune response against toxoplasmosis in sheep and goats |journal=Frontiers in Veterinary Science |volume=9 |issue= |pages=951584 |date=2022 |pmid=36090161 |pmc=9453163 |doi=10.3389/fvets.2022.951584|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="pmid36310233">{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhang Y, Li D, Lu S, Zheng B |title=Toxoplasmosis vaccines: what we have and where to go? |journal=npj Vaccines |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=131 |date=October 2022 |pmid=36310233 |pmc=9618413 |doi=10.1038/s41541-022-00563-0}}</ref>
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