Editing Scientific method (section)

===Inductive method===

The [[inductivism|inductivist approach]] to deriving scientific truth first rose to prominence with [[Francis Bacon]] and particularly with [[Isaac Newton]] and those who followed him.<ref name= novOrganon >[[Francis Bacon]], ''[[Novum Organum]]''</ref> After the establishment of the HD-method, it was often put aside as something of a "fishing expedition" though.{{sfn | Voit | 2019}} It is still valid to some degree, but today's inductive method is often far removed from the historic approach—the scale of the data collected lending new effectiveness to the method. It is most-associated with data-mining projects or large-scale observation projects. In both these cases, it is often not at all clear what the results of proposed experiments will be, and thus knowledge will arise after the collection of data through inductive reasoning.{{efn| name= keplerNewton }}

Where the traditional method of inquiry does both, the inductive approach usually formulates only a [[research question]], not a hypothesis. Following the initial question instead, a suitable "high-throughput method" of data-collection is determined, the resulting data processed and 'cleaned up', and conclusions drawn after. "This shift in focus elevates the data to the supreme role of revealing novel insights by themselves".{{sfn | Voit | 2019}}

The advantage the inductive method has over methods formulating a hypothesis that it is essentially free of "a researcher's preconceived notions" regarding their subject. On the other hand, inductive reasoning is always attached to a measure of certainty, as all inductively reasoned conclusions are.{{sfn | Voit | 2019}} This measure of certainty can reach quite high degrees, though. For example, in the determination of large [[prime number|primes]], which are used in [[encryption software]].{{sfnp|Gauch|2003|p=159}}