Editing Saul Alinsky (section)

===Citizens UK and ''L'Institut Alinsky'', France===
In 1989, following trainee experience with the IAF in Chicago, in England Neil Jameson established the Citizens Organising Foundation. Now [[Citizens UK]], it supports communities in several cities, and since 2001 has been associated with the high-profile campaign for a [[living wage]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jameson|first=Neil|date=2010-03-24|title=People can play their part in the governance of the nation|url=http://www.theguardian.com/society/2010/mar/24/communities-policy|access-date=2021-03-17|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref> 

Drawing inspiration from both Citizens UK and the IAF, in 2012 Alinsky's community-organizing methods were tried in France leading to the creation in [[Grenoble]] of the ''[[Alliance Citoyenne]]'' (Citizens Alliance).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Community organizing : pourquoi il faut oublier Saul Alinsky - Organisez-vous !|date=February 26, 2019 |url=https://organisez-vous.org/saul-alinsky-community-organizing/|access-date=2021-03-21|language=fr-FR}}</ref> Similar initiatives followed in [[Rennes]] in 2014, in [[Aubervilliers]], in [[Seine-Saint-Denis|Seine St Denis]] in 2016 and in the [[Lyon]] metropolitan area in 2019.<ref>{{Cite web|last=à 13h37|first=Par Quentin Laurent Le 22 novembre 2017|date=2017-11-22|title=La France insoumise à l'assaut des quartiers populaires|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/politique/la-france-insoumise-a-l-assaut-des-quartiers-populaires-22-11-2017-7407300.php|access-date=2021-03-17|website=leparisien.fr|language=fr-FR}}</ref>

In October 2017, the leaders of the ''[[Alliance Citoyenne]]'' and the researchers Julien Talpin and Hélène Balazard founded the Alinsky Institute,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Qui sommes-nous ?|url=https://alinsky.fr/qui-sommes-nous/|access-date=2021-03-17|website=Institut Alinsky|language=fr-FR}}</ref> a think tank and training organization to develop and promote methods of citizen empowerment in blue-collar and immigrant suburbs (''[[Banlieue|banlieues]]'') which, with the decline in the traditional parties of the left, have had little political voice.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Talpin|first=Julien|date=2017-06-22|title=What's the matter with the banlieues? Exploring the importation of the American community organizing tradition by French social movements|url=https://metropolitics.org/What-s-the-matter-with-the-banlieues-Exploring-the-importation-of-the-American.html|journal=Metropolitics|language=en}}</ref> 

An assessment of Institute's work suggested that a critical problem for "Alinskyism" is the activists’ "need for recognition": "when they practice community organizing, the dozens of hours they devote to political struggle are in fact erased in favor of the inhabitants trained in mobilization".<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Saint-André |first=Elsa de La Roche |title=LFI, Nupes : qu'est-ce que l'institut Alinsky, qui forme des militants à «aller chercher les colères»? |url=https://www.liberation.fr/checknews/lfinupes-quest-ce-que-linstitut-alinsky-qui-forme-des-militants-a-aller-chercher-les-coleres-20220729_RSCH5QMRUVCODKLJLAH7MWTU3Q/ |access-date=2022-08-22 |website=Libération |language=fr}}</ref> More controversially, because of the alleged political partisanship, critics observe that the Alinsky Institute has trained leading activists in ''[[La France Insoumise|La France insoumise]]''.<ref name=":1" />

In Germany in 1993, two of Alinsky's students and co-workers, Don Elmer (Center for Community Change, San Francisco) and Ed Shurna (Interfaith Organizing Project and [[Gamaliel Foundation]], Chicago) initiated the first training courses in "Community Organizing" (CO), supported by several local projects.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wegweiser Bürgergesellschaft: Zur Geschichte des Community Organizing in Deutschland|url=https://www.buergergesellschaft.de/praxishilfen/community-organizing/wer-macht-es-hier/zur-geschichte-des-community-organizing-in-deutschland/|access-date=2021-03-21|website=www.buergergesellschaft.de}}</ref> Assisted by the [[Catholic University of Applied Social Sciences]], the first community organization (''Bürgerplattform'') based on Alinsky's principles was established in a [[Berlin]] neighborhood in 2002.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Renner|first=Gesela|date=2015|title=Vielfalt in der Bürgerbeteiligung: Das Beispiel "Community Organizing"|url=https://gutvertreten.boell.de/2015/10/19/vielfalt-der-buergerbeteiligung-das-beispiel-community-organizing|access-date=2021-03-21|website=Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung - Gutvertreten|language=de}}</ref>