Editing Sahel (section)

=== Other challenges ===
[[File:Caravane des nomades 10.jpg|thumb|Movement of nomads in Chad]]
The violent [[herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria]], [[March 2019 attacks against Fulani herders|Mali]], [[Sudanese nomadic conflicts|Sudan]] and other countries in the Sahel region have been exacerbated by [[climate change]], [[land degradation]], and rapid [[population growth]].<ref>{{cite magazine |first=Ciara |last=Nugent |title=How Climate Change Is Spurring Land Conflict in Nigeria |url=https://time.com/5324712/climate-change-nigeria/ |magazine=Time |date=28 June 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The battle on the frontline of climate change in Mali |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/the-reporters-46921487 |work=BBC News |date=22 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Farmer-Herder Conflicts on the Rise in Africa |url=https://reliefweb.int/report/world/farmer-herder-conflicts-rise-africa |publisher=ReliefWeb |date=6 August 2018}}</ref> Droughts and food shortages have been also linked to the [[Mali War]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thenewhumanitarian.org/in-depth/sahel-flames-Burkina-Faso-Mali-Niger-militancy-conflict|title=The Sahel in flames|date=2019-05-31|website=The New Humanitarian|language=en|access-date=2019-06-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Chris |last=Arsenault |title=Climate change, food shortages, and conflict in Mali |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2015/04/climate-change-food-shortages-conflict-mali-150426105617725.html |work=Al-Jazeera |date=27 April 2015}}</ref>

The Sahel is experiencing more severe weather due to climate change, exemplified by the extreme heatwave of March-April 2024 in [[Burkina Faso]] and [[Mali]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-18 |title=Extreme Sahel heatwave that hit highly vulnerable population at the end of Ramadan would not have occurred without climate change |url=https://www.worldweatherattribution.org/extreme-sahel-heatwave-that-hit-highly-vulnerable-population-at-the-end-of-ramadan-would-not-have-occurred-without-climate-change/ |access-date=2025-03-03 |website=World Weather Attribution}}</ref> This event was intensified by a 1.2°C global temperature increase from human activities.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2024-04-18 |title=Africa's Sahel Can Expect More Deadly Heat Waves, Study Shows |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-04-18/africa-s-sahel-can-expect-more-deadly-heat-waves-study-shows |access-date=2024-04-18 |work=Bloomberg.com |language=en}}</ref>