Editing Romansh language (section)

=== Italian, Ladin and Gallo-italic loanwords ===
Common nouns of Italian origin include ''resposta/risposta'' "answer", ''vista/vesta'' "view", ''proposta'' "proposal", ''surpresa/surpraisa'' "surprise", and ''offaisa/offesa'' "insult". In Ladin, many such nouns are borrowed or derived from Italian and end in –a, whereas the same group of nouns in Sursilvan frequently ends in –iun and where borrowed either from French or formed through analogy with Latin. Examples include ''pretensiun'' "opinion, claim" vs. ''pretaisa'', ''defensiun'' "defense" vs. ''defaisa'', or ''confirmaziun'' "confirmation" vs. ''conferma''.<ref name="zora.uzh.ch" />

Other Italian words used throughout Romansh include the words for "nail", which are derived from Italian ''acuto'' "sharp", which has yielded Sur. ''guota'', Sut. ''guta'', Surm. ''gotta'', and Ladin ''guotta/aguotta'', whereas the Romansh word for "sharp" itself (Rhenish: ''git'', Ladin ''agüz'') is derived from the same Latin source ACUTUM. Words from Lombard and [[Venetian language|Venetian]] related to crafts include Ladin ''marangun'' "carpenter" (← Venetian ''marangon''), as opposed to ''lennari'' in other Romansh dialects, ''chazzoula'' "trowel" (← Lombard ''cazzola''), or ''filadè'' "spinning wheel" (← Lombard ''filadel''). Other words include culinary items such as ''macaruns'' "macaroni" (← ''maccheroni''); ''tschiculatta/tschugalata'' "chocolate" (← ''cioccolata'' or Lombard ''ciculata/cicolata''), Ladin and Surmiran ''limun/limung'' "lemon" as opposed to Sursilvan ''citrona'' (← ''limone''), ''giabus/baguos'' "cabbage" (← Lombard ''gabüs''), ''chanella/canella'' "cinnamon" (← ''cannella''). In Sursilvan, the word ''ogna'' "flat cake" can be found, which is derived from Italian ''lasagna'', with the initial ''las-'' having been mistaken for the plural article, and the vowel having been adapted to Sursilvan sound patterns through analogy with words such as ''muntogna'' "mountain". Others are words for animals such as ''lodola'' "lark" (← ''lodola'') or ''randulina'' "swallow" (← Lombard ''randulina''), as well as Ladin ''scarafagi/scarvatg'' "beetle" (← ''scarafaggio''). Other Italian words include ''impostas'' "taxes" (← ''imposte''; as opposed to Rhenish ''taglia''), ''radunanza/radunonza'' "assembly" (← ''radunanza''), Ladin ''ravarenda'' "(Protestant) priest" (← ''reverendo''), ''bambin'' "Christmas child (giftbringer)" (← ''Gesù Bambino''), ''marchadant/marcadont'' "merchant" (← ''mercatante'') or ''butia/buteia'' "shop" (← ''bottega'').<ref name="zora.uzh.ch" />

In Ladin, Italian borrowings also include words groups not usually borrowed readily. Examples include pronouns such as ''qualchosa'' "something" (← ''qualcosa''), ''listess'' "the same one" (← Lombard or Venetian ''l'istess''), adverbs such as ''apunta'' "exactly" (← ''appunto''), ''magara/magari'' "fairly/quite" (← ''magari''), prepositions like ''dürant/duront'' "during" (← ''durante'') and ''malgrà/malgrad'' "despite" (← ''malgrado''), and conjunctions such as ''però'' "but" (← ''però'') and ''fin cha'' 'until' (← ''finché''). Most of these are confined to Ladin, with some exceptions such as Sursilvan ''magari'', ''duront'', and ''malgrad''.<ref name="zora.uzh.ch" />