Editing Rice (section)

=== Pests and weeds ===

[[File:Chinese rice grasshopper (Oxya chinensis).jpg|thumb|Chinese rice grasshopper (''[[Oxya chinensis]]'')]]

Rice yield can be reduced by weed growth, and a wide variety of pests including insects, nematodes, rodents such as rats, snails, and birds.<ref name="IRRI Pests and diseases">{{cite web |title=Pests and diseases management |url=http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/training/fact-sheets/pest-management |publisher=[[International Rice Research Institute]] |access-date=January 4, 2024}}</ref> Major rice insect pests include armyworms, [[rice bug]]s, [[Scotinophara|black bugs]], cutworms, field crickets, grasshoppers, leafhoppers, mealybugs, and planthoppers.<ref name="IRRI Insects">{{cite web |title=Insects |url=http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/training/fact-sheets/pest-management/insects |publisher=[[International Rice Research Institute]] |access-date=January 4, 2024}}</ref> High rates of [[nitrogen fertiliser]] application may worsen aphid outbreaks.<ref name="Jahn Almazan 2005">{{cite journal |last1=Jahn |first1=Gary C. |last2=Almazan |first2=Liberty P. |last3=Pacia |first3=Jocelyn B. |doi=10.1603/0046-225X-34.4.938 |title=Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Intrinsic Rate of Increase of ''Hysteroneura setariae'' (Thomas) (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Rice (''Oryza sativa'' L.) |year=2005 |s2cid=1941852 |journal=[[Environmental Entomology]] |volume=34 |issue=4 |page=938 |doi-access=free}}</ref> 
Weather conditions can contribute to pest outbreaks: [[Orseolia oryzae|rice gall midge]] outbreaks are worsened by high rainfall in the wet season, while [[Stenchaetothrips biformis|thrips]] outbreaks are associated with drought.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Douangboupha |first1=B. |last2=Khamphoukeo |first2=K. |last3=Inthavong |first3=S. |last4=Schiller |first4=J.M. |last5=Jahn |first5=G.C. |date=2006 |chapter-url=http://aciar.gov.au/files/node/756/Rice%20In%20Laos%20chapter%2016-25.pdf |chapter=Chapter 17: Pests and diseases of the rice production systems of Laos |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403052249/http://aciar.gov.au/files/node/756/Rice%20In%20Laos%20chapter%2016-25.pdf |archive-date=April 3, 2012 |pages=265–281 |editor-last=Schiller |editor-first=J.M. |editor2=Chanphengxay, M.B. |editor3=Linquist, B. |editor4=Rao, S.A. |title=Rice in Laos |publisher=[[International Rice Research Institute]] |location=[[Los Baños, Philippines]] |isbn=978-971-22-0211-7 }}</ref>

{{main|:Category:Insect pests of rice}}