Editing Reforestation (section)

=== Europe ===
[[File:Biodiversity on clearcut.jpg|thumb|A 15-year-old reforested plot of land]]

==== Armenia ====
The [[Armenia Tree Project]] was founded in 1994 to address environmental and economic concerns related to [[Armenia]]'s dwindling forests. Since its founding, the organization has planted more than 6.5 million trees in communities throughout Armenia.<ref>{{cite news |author=Aram Arkun |date=October 3, 2014 |title=Armenian Tree Project Celebrates 20th Anniversary |work=The Armenian Mirror-Spectator |url=http://www.mirrorspectator.com/2014/10/03/armenian-tree-project-celebrates-20th-anniversary/}}</ref>

[[My Forest Armenia]] was founded in 2019 and has since planted 910,000 trees in Armenia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=583,513 Trees Planted in Fall 2023: A Record-Breaking Achievement! |url=https://myforestarmenia.org/news/583,513_trees_planted_in_fall_2023:_a_record-breaking_achievement! |access-date=2024-01-15 |website=My Forest Armenia}}</ref>

==== Iceland ====
Prior to the [[Settlement of Iceland#Environmental effects|deforestation of Iceland in the Middle Ages]], some 40% of the land was forested.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 6, 2018 |title=Iceland is replanting its forests 1,000 years after vikings razed them |url=https://inhabitat.com/iceland-is-regrowing-its-forests-1000-years-after-vikings-razed-them/}}</ref> Today, the country is about 2% forested, with the [[Icelandic Forest Service]] aiming to increase that share to 10% through reforestation and natural regrowth.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Spades, saplings and sheep: Iceland battles to restore long-lost forests |url=https://www.skogur.is/en/moya/news/spades-saplings-and-sheep-iceland-battles-to-restore-long-lost-forests |website=Skógræktin}}</ref>

==== Ireland ====
In 2019 the government of [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] decided to plant 440&nbsp;million trees by 2040. The decision is part of the government's plan to make [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] [[carbon neutral]] by 2050 with [[renewable energy]], land use change and [[carbon tax]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rosane |first1=Olivia |date=September 3, 2019 |title=Ireland to Plant 440 Million Trees in 20 Years to Fight Climate Change |agency=Ecowatch |url=https://www.ecowatch.com/ireland-planting-trees-2640173016.html |access-date=9 September 2019}}</ref>

Ireland is also driven to increase sustainable timber consumption while also adding more eco friendly work positions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ireland's planning to make its Emerald Isle even greener |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/09/ireland-reforestation-environment-trees/ |access-date=2022-05-16 |website=World Economic Forum |date=6 September 2019 |language=en}}</ref> They also have taken efforts to limit the use of methane emissions by signing a pledge to draw back methane use by 30%.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Glasgow |first=Denis Staunton |title=Cop26: Ireland to sign global pledge for 30% cut in methane emissions |language=en |newspaper=The Irish Times |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/cop26-ireland-to-sign-global-pledge-for-30-cut-in-methane-emissions-1.4716490 |access-date=2022-05-16}}</ref>

==== Germany ====
By the 14th century, forests in heavily populated areas had been devastated by industry, many of which required wood for their activities.<ref name="auto2">{{cite book |last1=Stubenrauch |first1=Jessica |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99184-5 |title=Forest Governance Overcoming Trade-Offs between Land-Use Pressures, Climate and Biodiversity Protection |last2=Ekardt |first2=Felix |last3=Hagemann |first3=Katharina |last4=Garske |first4=Beatrice |date=2022 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-030-99183-8 |location=Switzerland |page=63 |doi=10.1007/978-3-030-99184-5 |access-date=15 June 2022 |s2cid=248302731}}</ref> Peter Stromer (1310–1388), lord of the Stromer trading and commercial company, was spurred by this shortage to "conduct forest culture experiments".<ref name="auto2" /> In 1368 he successfully sowed fir and pine seeds in the Nuremberg Reichswald, which over time ended the wood shortage and established the "triumph of the pine in the Nuremberg Reichswald" (at the expense of other deciduous trees).<ref name="auto2" /> The "doctrine of coniferous sowing" spread widely through forestry regulations and other writing at the time.<ref name="auto2" />

Reforestation is required as part of the federal forest law. 31% of Germany is forested, according to the second forest inventory of 2001–2003. The size of the forest area in Germany increased between the first and the second forest inventory due to forestation of degenerated [[bog]]s and agricultural areas.<ref>{{cite web |title=Grußwort – Bundeswaldinventur |url=http://www.bundeswaldinventur.de |work=bundeswaldinventur.de}}</ref>

==== United Kingdom ====
{{See also|Afforestation#United Kingdom}}
Since the 1980s, 8.5 million trees have been planted in the United Kingdom in an area of the [[Midlands]] around the villages of [[Moira, Leicestershire|Moira]] and [[Donisthorpe]], close to Leicester. The area is called [[The National Forest]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-08-06 |title=How millions of trees brought a broken landscape back to life |url=http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/aug/07/national-forest-woodland-midlands-regeneration |access-date=2021-01-30 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> An even larger reforestation project, called [[Northern Forest (England)|The Northern Forest]], is beginning in South Yorkshire. It aims to plant 50 million trees.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Northern Forest |url=https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/about-us/what-we-do/we-plant-trees/the-northern-forest/ |access-date=2021-01-30 |website=Woodland Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref> Despite this, the UK government has been criticized for not achieving its tree planting goals.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2017-10-26 |title=Reality Check: Are millions of trees being planted? |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-41551296 |access-date=2021-01-30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-13 |title=Tree-planting in England falls 71% short of government target |url=http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/jun/13/tree-planting-in-england-falls-72-short-of-government-target |access-date=2021-01-30 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> There have also been concerns of non-native tree planting disturbing the ecological integrity and processes of what would be a native habitat restoration.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Disappointing planting figures in England still far below Government target |url=https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/press-centre/2020/06/government-planting-figures/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126025759/https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/press-centre/2020/06/government-planting-figures/ |archive-date=2021-01-26 |access-date=2021-01-30 |website=Woodland Trust |language=en-GB}}</ref>