Editing Radio-frequency identification (section)

====Hospitals and healthcare====
Adoption of RFID in the medical industry has been widespread and very effective.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rosenbaum|first=Benjamin P.|date=28 February 2014|title=Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) in Health Care: Privacy and Security Concerns Limiting Adoption|journal=Journal of Medical Systems|volume=38|issue=3|page=19|doi=10.1007/s10916-014-0019-z|pmid=24578170|s2cid=11368940}}</ref> Hospitals are among the first users to combine both active and passive RFID.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lahtela|first=Antti|title=2009 Fourth International Conference on Systems and Networks Communications|chapter=A Short Overview of the RFID Technology in Healthcare|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/703195|year=2009|pages=165–169|doi=10.1109/ICSNC.2009.77|isbn=978-1-4244-4772-5|s2cid=16524713|language=en}}</ref> Active tags track high-value, or frequently moved items, and passive tags track smaller, lower cost items that only need room-level identification.<ref>{{cite web|title=RFID Frequently Asked Questions|url=http://www.rfidjournal.com/faq/show?68|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130523091646/http://www.rfidjournal.com/faq/show?68|archive-date=May 23, 2013|work=RFIDJournal.com|access-date=2013-05-20}}</ref> Medical facility rooms can collect data from transmissions of RFID badges worn by patients and employees, as well as from tags assigned to items such as mobile medical devices.<ref>{{cite news|title=Group Health Reinvents Patient Care With RTLS|url=http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/print/9828|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130630055052/http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/print/9828|archive-date=June 30, 2013|newspaper=RFID Journal|date=22 August 2012}}</ref> The [[United States Department of Veterans Affairs|U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)]] recently announced plans to deploy RFID in hospitals across America to improve care and reduce costs.<ref>{{cite news|title=Veterans Affairs to Install RFID in Hospitals across America|url=http://www.impinj.com/blog/veteran-affairs-to-install-rfid-in-hospitals-across-america/|newspaper=Impinj|date=14 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140319083312/http://www.impinj.com/blog/veteran-affairs-to-install-rfid-in-hospitals-across-america/|archive-date=19 March 2014}}</ref>

Since 2004, a number of U.S. hospitals have begun implanting patients with RFID tags and using RFID systems; the systems are typically used for workflow and inventory management.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Fisher, Jill A. |author2=Monahan, Torin |year= 2012|title= Evaluation of Real-time Location Systems in their Hospital Contexts|doi=10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2012.07.001|pmid= 22857790|journal=International Journal of Medical Informatics|volume=81|issue=10|pages= 705–712|url=http://publicsurveillance.com/papers/Fisher_Monahan_IJMI-2012.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Fisher, Jill A. |author2=Monahan, Torin|year= 2008|title= Tracking the Social Dimensions of RFID Systems in Hospitals|doi=10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2007.04.010|pmid= 17544841|journal=International Journal of Medical Informatics|volume=77|issue=3|pages= 176–183|url=http://publicsurveillance.com/papers/Fisher_Monahan_RFID_IJMI.pdf}}</ref><ref>Fisher, Jill A. 2006. [http://media.wix.com/ugd/e5e1e1_9618d4aaaa1240f4bfa2e6fc8178b144.pdf Indoor Positioning and Digital Management: Emerging Surveillance Regimes in Hospitals]. In T. Monahan (Ed), ''Surveillance and Security: Technological Politics and Power in Everyday Life'' (pp. 77–88). New York: Routledge.</ref>
The use of RFID to prevent mix-ups between [[spermatozoon|sperm]] and [[egg cell|ova]] in [[in vitro fertilisation|IVF]] clinics is also being considered.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn7209|title=Electronic tags for eggs, sperm and embryos – life – 30 March 2005|magazine=New Scientist|access-date=2010-04-24}}</ref>

In October 2004, the FDA approved the USA's first RFID chips that can be implanted in humans. The 134&nbsp;kHz RFID chips, from VeriChip Corp. can incorporate personal medical information and could save lives and limit injuries from errors in medical treatments, according to the company. Anti-RFID activists [[Katherine Albrecht]] and [[Liz McIntyre (writer)|Liz McIntyre]] discovered an [[FDA warning letter|FDA Warning Letter]] that spelled out health risks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spychips.com/devices/verichip-fda-report.html|title=Verichip Special Report|publisher=spychips.com|access-date=2013-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120323031257/http://www.spychips.com/devices/verichip-fda-report.html|archive-date=2012-03-23}}</ref> According to the FDA, these include "adverse tissue reaction", "migration of the implanted transponder", "failure of implanted transponder", "electrical hazards" and "magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] incompatibility."