Editing Porphyria (section)

==Epidemiology==
Rates of all types of porphyria taken together have been estimated to be approximately one in 25,000 in the United States.<ref>[http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/957765-overview#target2 eMedicine > Porphyria, Cutaneous] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205041014/http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/957765-overview |date=5 December 2010 }} Authors: Vikramjit S Kanwar, Thomas G DeLoughery, Richard E Frye and Darius J Adams. Updated: 27 July 2010.</ref> The worldwide prevalence has been estimated to be between one in 500 and one in 50,000 people.<ref>[http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=porphyria Genetics Home Reference > Porphyria] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100805111912/http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition%3Dporphyria |date=5 August 2010 }} Reviewed July 2009</ref>

Porphyrias have been detected in all races and in many ethnic groups on every continent. There are high incidence reports of AIP in areas of India and Scandinavia. More than 200 genetic variants of AIP are known, some of which are specific to families, although some strains have proven to be repeated mutations.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}}

===Other Information===

The epidemiology of congenital porphyrias varies depending on the specific type of porphyria. Here's a general overview:

1. '''Erythropoietic Protoporphyria (EPP):''' EPP is relatively rare, with an estimated prevalence of 1 to 9 cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide. It affects both males and females, typically presenting in childhood or early adulthood.{{cn|date=December 2024}}

2. '''Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria (CEP):''' CEP is extremely rare, with fewer than 200 cases reported worldwide. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning both parents must carry a mutated gene for a child to develop the condition. CEP occurs with higher frequency in certain populations, including individuals of Northern European descent.{{cn|date=December 2024}}

3. '''Porphyria Cutanea Tarda (PCT):''' PCT is the most common form of porphyria, with an estimated prevalence of 1 to 2 cases per 10,000 individuals in the general population. It predominantly affects adults, with a higher prevalence in men than in women. PCT can be sporadic or familial and is often associated with underlying liver disease, alcohol abuse, hepatitis C infection, or certain medications.{{cn|date=December 2024}}

These prevalence estimates may vary across different regions and populations, and the actual prevalence of congenital porphyrias may be underreported due to challenges in diagnosis and awareness. Additionally, advances in genetic testing and increased awareness of porphyria may lead to more accurate epidemiological data in the future.{{cn|date=December 2024}}