Editing Organized crime (section)

====Cyberwarfare====
{{main|Cyberwarfare}}
{{further|Titan Rain|Moonlight Maze}}
'''Cyberwarfare''' refers to politically motivated [[Computer crime|hacking]] to conduct [[Cyber spying|sabotage]] and [[espionage]].  It is a form of [[information warfare]] sometimes seen as analogous to [[conventional warfare]]<ref name="DOD - Cyberspace">{{cite web |url=http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/doddict/data/c/01473.html |title=DOD - Cyberspace |publisher=Dtic.mil |access-date=2011-12-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111118162815/http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/doddict/data/c/01473.html |archive-date=November 18, 2011 }}</ref> although this analogy is [[#Controversy over terms|controversial]] for both its accuracy and its political motivation. It has been defined as activities by a nation-state to penetrate another nation's computers or networks with the intention of causing civil damage or disruption.<ref name=Clarke>Clarke, Richard A. ''Cyber War'', HarperCollins (2010)</ref> Moreover, it acts as the "fifth domain of warfare,"<ref name=Economist>[http://www.economist.com/node/16481504?story_id=16481504&source=features_box1 "Cyberwar: War in the Fifth Domain"] ''Economist'', July 1, 2010</ref> and [[William J. Lynn]], U.S. Deputy [[United States Secretary of Defense|Secretary of Defense]], states that "as a doctrinal matter, [[the Pentagon]] has formally recognized cyberspace as a new domain in warfare . . . [which] has become just as critical to military operations as land, sea, air, and space."<ref name=Lynn>Lynn, William J. III. [http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/66552/william-j-lynn-iii/defending-a-new-domain "Defending a New Domain: The Pentagon's Cyberstrategy"], ''Foreign Affairs'', September/October 2010, pp. 97-108</ref> Cyber [[espionage]] is the practice of obtaining confidential, sensitive, proprietary or classified information from individuals, competitors, groups, or governments using illegal exploitation methods on internet, networks, software or computers. There is also a clear military, political, or economic motivation. Unsecured information may be intercepted and modified, making [[espionage]] possible internationally. The recently established [[Cyber Command]] is currently debating whether such activities as commercial espionage or theft of intellectual property are criminal activities or actual "breaches of national security."<ref name=Clark2/> Furthermore, military activities that use computers and [[satellite]]s for coordination are at risk of equipment disruption. Orders and communications can be intercepted or replaced.  Power, water, fuel, communications, and transportation infrastructure all may be vulnerable to [[sabotage]]. According to Clarke, the civilian realm is also at risk, noting that the security breaches have already gone beyond stolen credit card numbers, and that potential targets can also include the electric power grid, trains, or the stock market.<ref name=Clark2>[http://www.hometownannapolis.com/news/top/2010/09/24-11/Clarke-More-defense-needed-in-cyberspace.html "Clarke: More defense needed in cyberspace"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324191031/http://www.hometownannapolis.com/news/top/2010/09/24-11/Clarke-More-defense-needed-in-cyberspace.html |date=2012-03-24 }} ''HometownAnnapolis.com'', September 24, 2010</ref>