Editing Muslim Brotherhood (section)

====Kuwait====
{{Further|Hadas}}
Egyptian Brethren came to Kuwait in the 1950s as refugees from Arab nationalism and integrated into the education ministry and other parts of the state. The Brotherhood's charity arm in Kuwait is called Al Eslah (Social Reform Society)<ref name=monitor-kuwait/> and its political arm is called the Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) or "Hadas".<ref>{{cite book|title=The Future of Political Islam|first=Graham E.|last=Fuller|publisher=Palgrave MacMillan|year=2003|page=39}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,491925,00.html|title=Charting the Rise of the Muslim Brotherhood|newspaper=Der Spiegel|date=3 July 2007|access-date=19 September 2007|archive-date=15 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070915102613/http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,491925,00.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Members of ICM have been elected to parliament and served in the government and are "widely believed to hold sway with the [[Kuwait Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs|Ministry of Awqaf" (Islamic endowment) and Islamic Affairs]], but have never reached a majority or even a plurality—"a fact that has required them to be pragmatic about working with other political groups".<ref name=monitor-kuwait>{{cite news|last1=Dickinson|first1=Elizabeth|title=Saudi action puts Muslim Brotherhood in Kuwait on spot|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/03/muslim-brotherhood-kuwait-saudi-terror.html#|access-date=19 April 2015|agency=Al Monitor|date=10 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418230617/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/03/muslim-brotherhood-kuwait-saudi-terror.html|archive-date=18 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> During the [[invasion of Kuwait]], the Kuwait MB (along with other MB in the Gulf States) supported the American-Saudi coalition forces against Iraq and "quit the brotherhood's international agency in protest" over its pro-Saddam stand.<ref name=roy-121>{{cite book|last=Roy|first=Olivier|others=translator Volk, Carol|title=The Failure of Political Islam|url=https://archive.org/details/failureofpolitic00royo|url-access=registration|date=1994|publisher=Harvard University Press|page=[https://archive.org/details/failureofpolitic00royo/page/121 121]|isbn=9780674291409}}</ref> However following the Arab Spring and the crackdown on the Egyptian Brotherhood, the Saudi government has put "pressure on other states that have Muslim Brotherhood adherents, asking them to decree that the group is a terrorist organization", and the local Kuwaiti and other Gulf state Brotherhoods have not been spared pressure from their local governments.<ref name=monitor-kuwait />